Eduard Alexander Rubin (17 July 1846 – 6 July 1920) was a
Swiss
Swiss may refer to:
* the adjectival form of Switzerland
* Swiss people
Places
* Swiss, Missouri
* Swiss, North Carolina
*Swiss, West Virginia
* Swiss, Wisconsin
Other uses
*Swiss-system tournament, in various games and sports
*Swiss Internation ...
mechanical engineer who is most notable for having invented the
full metal jacket bullet
A full metal jacket (FMJ) bullet is a small-arms projectile consisting of a soft core (often lead) encased in an outer shell ("jacket") of harder metal, such as gilding metal, cupronickel, or, less commonly, a steel alloy. A bullet jacket usu ...
in 1882. His most famous cartridge was the
7.5×55mm Swiss
The 7.5×55mm Swiss or 7,5mm GP 11 (or unofficially 7.5×55mm Schmidt–Rubin) is a cartridge developed for the Swiss Army. It originated from the ''Gewehrpatrone 1890'' (7.5×53.5mm) developed in 1898 by mechanical engineer Lt. Col. Eduard Rubin ...
which was the standard ammunition for the
Schmidt–Rubin
The Schmidt–Rubin rifles were a series of Swiss Army service rifles in use between 1889 and 1958. They are distinguished by the straight-pull bolt action invented by Rudolf Schmidt and use Eduard Rubin's 7.5×55mm Schmidt–Rubin rifle cartrid ...
,
K31
The Karabiner Modell 1931 (K. 31/Kar. 31/Mq. 31) is a magazine-fed, straight-pull bolt-action rifle. It was the standard issue rifle of the Swiss armed forces from 1933 until 1958 though examples remained in service into the 1970s. It has a 6-ro ...
and
Stgw 57 military rifles. Besides the full metal jacket bullet, Rubin developed the military
Schmidt-Rubin rifle (together with Rudolf Schmidt), the
Rubin-Fornerod ignition mechanism and the use of
TNT
Trinitrotoluene (), more commonly known as TNT, more specifically 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and by its preferred IUPAC name 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, is a chemical compound with the formula C6H2(NO2)3CH3. TNT is occasionally used as a reagen ...
and
ammonium nitrate
Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula . It is a white crystalline salt consisting of ions of ammonium and nitrate. It is highly soluble in water and hygroscopic as a solid, although it does not form hydrates. It is ...
to replace gunpowder in artillery grenades. His fully copper clad bullets were also the inspiration for the full metal jacket bullets introduced in 1886 for the
Lebel rifle
The Lebel Model 1886 rifle (French: ''Fusil Modèle 1886 dit "Fusil Lebel"'') also known as the ''"Fusil Mle 1886 M93"'', after a bolt modification was added in 1893, is an 8 mm bolt-action infantry rifle that entered service in the French A ...
. He served as director of the Swiss Federal Ammunition Factory and Research Center in
Thun
, neighboring_municipalities= Amsoldingen, Heiligenschwendi, Heimberg, Hilterfingen, Homberg, Schwendibach, Spiez, Steffisburg, Thierachern, Uetendorf, Zwieselberg
, twintown =
, website = www.thun.ch
Thun (french: Thoune) ...
.
He held the rank of
colonel
Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations.
In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of ...
in the
Swiss military
The Swiss Armed Forces (german: Schweizer Armee, french: Armée suisse, it, Esercito svizzero, rm, Armada svizra; ) operates on land and in the air, serving as the primary armed forces of Switzerland. Under the country's militia system, sol ...
and was married to Rosina Susanna Leuzinger, daughter of
Swiss cartographer Rudolf Leuzinger.
GP11.jpg, 7.5×55mm Swiss
7.5x55 Cutaway cartridge.jpeg, 7.5x55 Cutaway cartridge
Schmidt-Rubin-2.jpg, Schmidt-Rubin Model 1911
Granatzünder 84 120 cm Kan.jpg, Rubin-Fornerod ignition mechanism
References
*
*H. Ziegler, "Oberst Ed. Rubin : Direktor der eidg. Munitionsfabrik Thun" (obituary), ''Allgemeine schweizerische Militärzeitung'' 66.17 (1920), 281–283.
External links
"Manufacture Dates of Swiss Schmidt–Rubin Rifles" (radix.net)The History The 7.5 Swiss Cartridge (swissrifles.com)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rubin, Eduard
1846 births
1920 deaths
Firearm designers
19th-century Swiss inventors