Edgar Chagwa Lungu (born 11 November 1956) is a Zambian politician who served as the sixth president of Zambia from 25 January 2015 to 24 August 2021. Under President Michael Sata, Lungu served as Minister of Justice and Minister of Defence. Following Sata's death in October 2014, Lungu was adopted as the candidate of the Patriotic Front in a Convention of the Patriotic Front in Kabwe, for the January 2015 presidential by-election, which was to determine who would serve out the remainder of Sata's term. In the election, he narrowly defeated opposition candidate Hakainde Hichilema and took office on 25 January 2015. Lungu was elected to a full presidential term in the August 2016 election, again narrowly defeating Hichilema. Hichilema initially disputed the election result and filed a case at the Constitutional Court to nullify the result. On 5 September, however, the court dismissed the case. Lungu was

sworn in Traditionally an oath (from Anglo-Saxon ', also called plight) is either a statement of fact or a promise taken by a sacrality as a sign of verity. A common legal substitute for those who conscientiously object to making sacred oaths is to giv ...

for his first full term on 13 September 2016. In 2021, Lungu was defeated by long-time opposition leader Hakainde Hichilema (his 2015 and 2016 opponent), after the Electoral Commission of Zambia declared the victory of Hichilema in that year's presidential election. Lungu is widely regarded as the worst president in Zambia's history.

Early life and law career

Lungu was born 11 November 1956 at Ndola Central Hospital. After graduating with a LL.B. in 1981 from the

University of Zambia The University of Zambia (UNZA) is a public university located in Lusaka, Zambia. It is Zambia's largest and oldest learning institution. The university was established in 1965 and officially opened to the public on 12 July 1966. The language of ...

, he joined the law firm Andrea Masiye and Company in Lusaka. He subsequently underwent

military officer training A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...

at Miltez in Kabwe under Zambia National Service (ZNS). He then returned to practising law. He then joined politics. In 2010, Edgar Lungu had his law practicing licence suspended by the

Law Association of Zambia Law is a set of rules that are created and are law enforcement, enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. ...

. This was after he was found guilty of professional misconduct.

Political career

After the PF won the 2011 election, Lungu became Junior Minister in the Vice-President's office. He was subsequently promoted to Minister of Home Affairs on 9 July 2012. He became Minister of Defence on 24 December 2013 after

Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba (born 15 March 1959) is a Zambian businessman and politician who served as Member of Parliament for Kasama Central Kasama Central is a constituency of the National Assembly of Zambia.Minister of Justice on 28 August 2014 to replace Wynter Kabimba, who was fired. These positions were in addition to the Defence portfolio. Sata went abroad for medical treatment on 19 October 2014, leaving Lungu in charge of the country in his absence. Sata died on 28 October 2014. Vice-President Dr. Guy Scott took over as Acting President, and Lungu was viewed as one of the main contenders to ultimately succeed Sata in a presidential by-election. On 3 November 2014, Acting President Dr. Guy Scott dismissed Lungu as Secretary-General of the PF.Scott drops Edgar Lungu as PF Secretary General (article apparently moved)
'' Lusaka Times'', 3 November 2014. He replaced him with Davis Mwila, the Member of Parliament for

Chipili Chipili is a constituency of the National Assembly of Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central Africa, Central, Southern Africa, Southern and East Africa, although it is typ ...

. The next day, Scott reinstated Lungu."Guy Scott reinstates Edgar Lungu as Secretary General until the burial"
''Lusaka Times'', 4 November 2014. On 30 November, Lungu was elected as President of the Patriotic Front at a national convention of the party held in Kabwe, Zambia. However the convention was unusual because no voting took place. Instead, the unaccredited delegates elected him by raising hands. Inauguration of Edgar Lungu

On 20 January 2015, Lungu contested the presidential by-election and beat his closest rival Hakainde Hichilema of the United Party for National Development by a narrow majority of just 27,757 votes (1.66%), with just 32.36% of the registered electorate participating. He was declared the winner by the Electoral Commission of Zambia on 24 January.

Finishing Sata's term (2015–2016)

Lungu was sworn in as President of Zambia on 25 January 2015 at the National Heroes Stadium in the capital

Lusaka Lusaka (; ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Zambia. It is one of the fastest-developing cities in southern Africa. Lusaka is in the southern part of the central plateau at an elevation of about . , the city's population was ab ...

. The following month, Lungu forced the head of the central bank out of office and promised lower interest rates. He appointed Inonge Wina as Zambia's first female Vice-President. In March 2015 Lungu collapsed while holding a speech commemorating International Women's Day in

. After spending a short while in a Zambian hospital he had an operation for his narrowed oesophagus in Pretoria, South Africa. Lungu commuted the death sentences of 332 prisoners to life in prison on 16 July 2015 and condemned the massive overcrowding at the Mukobeko prison, calling it "an affront to basic human dignity". In October 2015, Lungu ordered a national day of prayer in hopes of preventing further damage to the economy. Top religious and political officials participated, and other public events were cancelled.

First full term (2016–2021)

Vladimir Putin and Edgar Lungu, 26 july 2018 (1)

Lungu ran for a full term in the August 2016 presidential election, which turned out to be a rematch of the 2015 presidential election between Lungu and UPND candidate Hakainde Hichilema. Lungu won the election with 50.32% of the vote, just a few thousand votes over the threshold for avoiding a run-off. He also increased his margin of victory over Hichilema to 100,530 votes or 2.72%. Hichilema refused to concede defeat after the announcement of official results and filed a petition before the Constitutional Court, asking for the results to be nullified due to irregularities. The court dismissed the case on 5 September 2016 and Lungu was inaugurated for a full five-year term of office on 13 September. In December 2019, Lungu expressed anti-LGBT rhetoric, stating "Even animals don't do it, so why should we be forced to do it?... because we want to be seen to be smart, civilised and advanced and so on".

Personal life

Lungu married

Esther Lungu Esther Nyawa Lungu (born 2 June 1961) is a well-known public figure from Zambia, who served as the First Lady of the country from 25 January 2015 to 24 August 2021. She is the wife of the former Zambian president Edgar Lungu, and together they ...

in 1986 and has six children, including

Tasila Lungu Tasila Lungu Mwansa (born on May 10, 1983) is a Zambian politician and philanthropist. She is a member of the Patriotic Front and is the current Member of Parliament for Chawama. Biography Tasila was born on May 10, 1983. At the age of 12, Tasi ...

, a newly elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Chawama. He and his family are practicing

Catholics The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

Books

'' Against All Odds'', a biography of Lungu by the Zambian journalist and senior diplomat

Anthony Mukwita Anthony or Antony is a masculine given name, derived from the '' Antonii'', a ''gens'' ( Roman family name) to which Mark Antony (''Marcus Antonius'') belonged. According to Plutarch, the Antonii gens were Heracleidae, being descendants of Anton ...

, was published by Partridge Africa on 5 January 2017. The book set records when it became the first Zambian book to go on sale at

Barnes & Noble Barnes & Noble Booksellers is an American bookseller. It is a Fortune 1000 company and the bookseller with the largest number of retail outlets in the United States. As of July 7, 2020, the company operates 614 retail stores across all 50 U. ...

and the first Zambian book on a head of state to be featured in the London Book Fair in

Hammersmith Hammersmith is a district of West London, England, southwest of Charing Cross. It is the administrative centre of the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, and identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. ...

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Lungu, Edgar 1956 births Living people Defence Ministers of Zambia Justice Ministers of Zambia Patriotic Front (Zambia) politicians People from Ndola Presidents of Zambia University of Zambia alumni 20th-century Zambian lawyers Zambian Baptists Members of the National Assembly of Zambia Home Affairs ministers of Zambia 21st-century Zambian politicians