Somalia
Somalia, , Osmanya script: ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐; ar, ุงูุตูู
ุงู, aแนฃ-แนขลซmฤl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constitut ...
is officially divided into 18 administrative regions (''gobollo'', singular ''gobol'') .
These are in turn subdivided into seventy-two districts (plural ''degmooyin''; singular ''degmo'')
On a ''de facto'' basis, northern Somalia is now divided up among the autonomous region of
Puntland
Puntland ( so, Puntland, ar, ุฃุฑุถ ุงูุจูุท, it, Terra di Punt or ''Paese di Punt''), officially the Puntland State of Somalia ( so, Dowlad Goboleedka Puntland ee Soomaaliya, ar, ููุงูุฉ ุฃุฑุถ ุงูุจูุท ุงูุตูู
ุงููุฉ), is a F ...
(which considers itself an
autonomous state) and
Somaliland
Somaliland,; ar, ุตูู
ุงูููุงูุฏ ', ' officially the Republic of Somaliland,, ar, ุฌู
ููุฑูุฉ ุตูู
ุงูููุงูุฏ, link=no ''Jumhลซrฤซyat แนขลซmฤlฤซlฤnd'' is a ''de facto'' sovereign state in the Horn of Africa, still conside ...
(a self-declared but
unrecognized sovereign state). In central Somalia,
Galmudug
Galmudug ( ar, ุฌูู
ุฏุฌ; it, Galmudugh), officially Galmudug State of Somalia ( so, Dowlad Goboleedka Galmudug ee Soomaaliya), is a Federal Member State in central Somalia, with its capital at Dhusamareb. It is bordered to the north by the Pu ...
is another regional entity that emerged south of Puntland.
[ For these ]civil war
A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country).
The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government polici ...
divisions, see ''States and regions of Somalia
Somalia is a federal republic consisting of six federal states, including Somaliland, as well as the Banadir Regional Administration. Somalia is further subdivided into Eighteen administrative regions (''gobollada'', singular ''gobol''), which ...
''.
Regions and districts
Historical divisions
Pre-independence
In 1931, Italian Somaliland
Italian Somalia ( it, Somalia Italiana; ar, ุงูุตูู
ุงู ุงูุฅูุทุงูู, Al-Sumal Al-Italiy; so, Dhulka Talyaaniga ee Soomaalida), was a protectorate and later colony of the Kingdom of Italy in present-day Somalia. Ruled in the 19th centu ...
consisted of seven commissariats.["Regions of Somalia"](_blank)
''Statoids''. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
* Alto Giuba
* Alto Uebi-Scebeli
* Basso Giuba
* Basso Uebi-Scebeli
* Migiurtinia
* Mogadiscio
* Mudugh
Following the 1935โ36 Second Italo-Abyssinian War
The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a war of aggression which was fought between Italy and Ethiopia from October 1935 to February 1937. In Ethiopia it is often referred to simply as the Ita ...
, Italian Somaliland became part of Italian East Africa
Italian East Africa ( it, Africa Orientale Italiana, AOI) was an Italian colony in the Horn of Africa. It was formed in 1936 through the merger of Italian Somalia, Italian Eritrea, and the newly occupied Ethiopian Empire, conquered in the S ...
with Abyssinia
The Ethiopian Empire (), also formerly known by the exonym Abyssinia, or just simply known as Ethiopia (; Amharic and Tigrinya: แขแตแฎแตแซ , , Oromo: Itoophiyaa, Somali: Itoobiya, Afar: ''Itiyoophiyaa''), was an empire that historica ...
(Ethiopia) and Eritrea
Eritrea ( ; ti, แคแญแตแซ, Ertra, ; ar, ุฅุฑุชุฑูุง, สพIritriyฤ), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara. It is bordered by Ethiopi ...
. Italian Somaliland was one of six governorate
A governorate is an administrative division of a state. It is headed by a governor. As English-speaking nations tend to call regions administered by governors either states or provinces, the term ''governorate'' is often used in translation from ...
s of the new colony, the Somalia Governorate
Somalia Governorate was one of the six governorates of Italian East Africa. It was formed from the previously separate colony of Italian Somalia, enlarged by the Ogaden region of the conquered Ethiopian Empire following the Second Italo-Ethiopian ...
, and incorporated Somali
Somali may refer to:
Horn of Africa
* Somalis, an inhabitant or ethnicity associated with Greater Somali Region
** Proto-Somali, the ancestors of modern Somalis
** Somali culture
** Somali cuisine
** Somali language, a Cushitic language
** Somali ...
-inhabited parts of the former Abyssinia. The governorate was subdivided into 10 commissariats, which were themselves divided into residencies.
* Alto Giuba ''(English: Upper Juba
Juba () is the capital and largest city of South Sudan. The city is situated on the White Nile and also serves as the capital of the Central Equatoria State. It is the world's newest capital city to be elevated as such, and had a population ...
)'' (capital: Baidoa
Baidoa (, Somali: Maay.html"_;"title="f-Maxaa:_Baydhabo,_Maay">f-Maxaa:_Baydhabo,_Maay:_''Baydhowy)''_is_the_largest_city_of_the_South_West_State_of_Somalia.
Between_2002_and_2014,_Baidoa_was_the_capital_of_the_South_West_State_of_Somalia.html" ...
)
* Alto Scebeli ''(Upper Shabele)'' ( Bulo Burti)
* Basso Scebeli ''( Lower Shabele)'' ( Merca)
* Migiurtinia ''(Migiurtinia
The Majeerteen Sultanate ( so, Suldanadda Majeerteen ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐, lit=Boqortooyada Majerteen, ar, ุณูุทูุฉ ู
ุฌุฑุชูู), also known as Majeerteen Kingdom or Majeerteenia and Migiu ...
)'' (Dante
Dante Alighieri (; โ 14 September 1321), probably baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri and often referred to as Dante (, ), was an Italian poet, writer and philosopher. His ''Divine Comedy'', originally called (modern Italian: ' ...
)
* Mogadiscio ''(Mogadishu
Mogadishu (, also ; so, Muqdisho or ; ar, ู
ูุฏูุดู ; it, Mogadiscio ), locally known as Xamar or Hamar, is the capital and List of cities in Somalia by population, most populous city of Somalia. The city has served as an important port ...
)'' ( Mogadiscio)
* Mudugh ''(Mudug
Mudug ( so, Mudug; it, Mudugh) is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in north-central Somalia. The population of Mudug is 131,455 as of 2005.
Overview
Physiographically, Mudug is bordered to the west by Ethiopia,Orszรกgismertetล - Szomรกlia ...
)'' ( Rocca Littorio)
* Ogaden ''(Ogaden
Ogaden (pronounced and often spelled ''Ogadฤn''; so, Ogaadeen, am, แแแด/แแแดแ) is one of the historical names given to the modern Somali Region, the territory comprising the eastern portion of Ethiopia formerly part of the Harargh ...
)'' ( Uarder)
* Uebi Gestro ''(Gestro River
Raffaello Gestro (21 March 1845, Genoa โ 6 June 1936, Genoa) was an Italian entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. Gestro was the Director of the Natural History Museum of Giacomo Doria Genoa where his collection is conserved. He was a Membe ...
)'' ( Callafo)
* Basso Giuba ''( Lower Juba)'' ( Chisimaio)
* Nogal ''( Nugaal)'' (Eil
Eil may refer to:
Places
* Eil (crater), on Mars
* Eil, Cologne, a quarter of Cologne, Germany
* Eil, Somalia
* Eil District, Somalia
* Loch Eil, a lake in Scotland
Other uses
* Eastern Independent League, an American high school sports con ...
)
Following World War II, the Italian-administered Trust Territory of Somalia consisted of six Regions.
* Alto Giuba
* Basso Giuba
* Benadir
* Hiiraan
* Migiurtinia
* Mudugh
The British Somaliland
British Somaliland, officially the Somaliland Protectorate ( so, Dhulka Maxmiyada Soomaalida ee Biritishka), was a British protectorate in present-day Somaliland. During its existence, the territory was bordered by Italian Somalia, French So ...
protectorate
A protectorate, in the context of international relations, is a state that is under protection by another state for defence against aggression and other violations of law. It is a dependent territory that enjoys autonomy over most of its in ...
also consisted of two Regions.
* Burao
* Hargeisa
Somalia
Upon independence in 1960, the Somali Republic maintained the 12 districts of the former Italian Somaliland and British Somaliland that merged to form the new country. In 1964, a new Northeastern (Burao) Province was established by merging Burao, Erigavo, and Las Anod and a Northwestern (Hargeisa) Province was formed from Berbera, Borama, and Hargeisa districts. In 1968, the capital of Basso Giuba was moved from Kismayo to Jamame
Jamame ( so, Jamaame, ar, ุฌู
ุงู
ุฉ, it, Giamama formerly ''Villaggio Regina Margherita''), also spelled Giamame, is a town in the southern Lower Juba (Jubbada Hoose) region of Somalia. There are many farms located near Jamame. The equator pas ...
. The 8 provinces at this time were:
In 1982, Somalia reorganized from eight provinces into 16 regions. In June 1984, Awdal was split from Woqooyi Galbeed and Sool was split from Nugaal to form the current 18 regions.
See also
*States and regions of Somalia
Somalia is a federal republic consisting of six federal states, including Somaliland, as well as the Banadir Regional Administration. Somalia is further subdivided into Eighteen administrative regions (''gobollada'', singular ''gobol''), which ...
*List of regions of Somalia by Human Development Index
This is a list of regions of Somalia by the Human Development Index, as of 2019.
See also
* List of countries by Human Development Index
References
{{Subnational entities by Human Development Index
Somalia
Somalia
Somalia, , O ...
* ISO 3166-2:SO
References
{{Articles on second-level administrative divisions of African countries
Somalia
Somalia, , Osmanya script: ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐; ar, ุงูุตูู
ุงู, aแนฃ-แนขลซmฤl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constitut ...
Somalia
Somalia, , Osmanya script: ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐; ar, ุงูุตูู
ุงู, aแนฃ-แนขลซmฤl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constitut ...
Somalia geography-related lists
Somalia
Somalia, , Osmanya script: ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐; ar, ุงูุตูู
ุงู, aแนฃ-แนขลซmฤl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constitut ...