Duke Xi of Qi (; died 698 BC) was from 730 to 698 BC the thirteenth recorded ruler of the

State of Qi Qi, or Ch'i in Wade–Giles romanization, was a state of the Zhou dynasty-era in ancient China, variously reckoned as a march, duchy, and independent kingdom. Its capital was Linzi, located in present-day Shandong. Qi was founded sh ...

during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Lufu (呂祿甫),

ancestral name In some cultures, a surname, family name, or last name is the portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family, tribe or community. Practices vary by culture. The family name may be placed at either the start of a person's full name ...

Jiang ( 姜), and Duke Xi was his

posthumous title A posthumous name is an honorary name given mostly to the notable dead in East Asian culture. It is predominantly practiced in East Asian countries such as China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan, and Thailand. Reflecting on the person's accomplishments o ...

Reign

Duke Xi succeeded his father

Duke Zhuang I of Qi Duke Zhuang I of Qi (; died 731 BC) was from 794 to 731 BC the twelfth recorded ruler of the State of Qi during the Zhou dynasty of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Gou (呂購), ancestral name Jiang ( 姜), and Duke Zhuang was his posth ...

, who died in 731 BC after a reign of 64 years, as ruler of Qi. In 706 BC, Qi was attacked by the Northern Rong tribes (also called Mountain Rong). Duke Zhuang of the State of Zheng sent Crown Prince Hu (later

Duke Zhao of Zheng Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they are ranke ...

) to help Qi repel the Northern Rong.

Succession

Duke Xi reigned for 33 years and died in 698 BC. He was succeeded by his son,

Duke Xiang of Qi Duke Xiang of Qi (; died 686 BC) was from 697 to 686 BC the fourteenth recorded ruler of the State of Qi, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Zhu'er (呂諸兒), ancestral name Jiang ( � ...

, who would later be murdered by Duke Xi's nephew Wuzhi. Wuzhi himself was also killed soon afterward, and Duke Xi's younger son Xiaobai ascended the throne, posthumously known as Duke Huan of Qi. Qi grew strong under Duke Huan's rule and he became the first of the

Five Hegemons The Five Hegemons () refers to several especially powerful rulers of Chinese states of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history (770 to 476 BCE), sometimes alternatively referred to as the "Age of Hegemons". There are various lists of five ...

of the Spring and Autumn period.

Family

Wives: * Wey Ji, of the Ji clan of Wey (), the mother of Prince Xiaobai Concubines: * Lady, of Lu, the mother of Prince Jiu Sons: * Prince Zhu'er (; 729–686 BC), ruled as

from 697–686 BC * Prince Jiu (; d. 685 BC) * Prince Xiaobai (; d. 643 BC), ruled as Duke Huan of Qi from 684–643 BC Daughters: * Xuan Jiang () ** Married Duke Xuan of Wey (d. 700 BC), and had issue ( Viscount Shou of Wey, Duke Hui of Wey) ** Married Count Zhao of Wey in 687 BC, and had issue ( Viscount Qi of Wey, Duke Dai of Wey,

Duke Wen of Wey Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they are ran ...

, Song Huan (the wife of Duke Huan of Song and mother of

Duke Xiang of Song Duke Xiang of Song (宋襄公) (died 637 BC) was the leader in the state of Song in the Spring and Autumn period. His personal name was Zifu (子茲甫) and he took his throne in 650 BC. After the death of the Hegemon of China, Duke Huan of Qi ...

), Xu Mu) * Wen Jiang (; 733–673 BC) ** Married

Duke Huan of Lu Duke Huan of Lu (, died 694 BC) was from 711 to 694 BC the 15th ruler of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His ancestral name was Ji ( 姬), given name Yun (允) or Gui (軌), and Duke Huan was his posthumous ...

(731–694 BC) in 709 BC, and had issue (two sons including

Duke Zhuang of Lu Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they are ran ...

)

Ancestry

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Xi of Qi, Duke Year of birth unknown Monarchs of Qi (state) 8th-century BC Chinese monarchs 7th-century BC Chinese monarchs 698 BC deaths