Dufek Massif, Augusto Pinochet Massif or Santa Teresita Massif is a rugged, largely snow-covered

massif In geology, a massif ( or ) is a section of a planet's crust that is demarcated by faults or flexures. In the movement of the crust, a massif tends to retain its internal structure while being displaced as a whole. The term also refers to a ...

long, standing west of the

Forrestal Range The Forrestal Range () is a largely snow-covered mountain range, about long, standing east of Dufek Massif and the Neptune Range in the Pensacola Mountains of Antarctica. Discovered and photographed on 13 January 1956 on a transcontinental patrol ...

in the northern part of the

Pensacola Mountains The Pensacola Mountains are a large group of mountain ranges of the Transantarctic Mountains System, located in the Queen Elizabeth Land region of Antarctica. Geography They extend 450 km (280 mi) in a NE-SW direction. Subranges of th ...

. It was discovered and photographed on January 13, 1956, on a transcontinental patrol plane flight of U.S. Navy

Operation Deep Freeze Operation Deep Freeze (OpDFrz or ODF) is codename for a series of United States missions to Antarctica, beginning with "Operation Deep Freeze I" in 1955–56, followed by "Operation Deep Freeze II", "Operation Deep Freeze III", and so on. (There w ...

from McMurdo Sound to the vicinity of the

Weddell Sea The Weddell Sea is part of the Southern Ocean and contains the Weddell Gyre. Its land boundaries are defined by the bay formed from the coasts of Coats Land and the Antarctic Peninsula. The easternmost point is Cape Norvegia at Princess Martha ...

and return, and named by the

Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names The Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (ACAN or US-ACAN) is an advisory committee of the United States Board on Geographic Names responsible for recommending commemorative names for features in Antarctica. History The committee was established ...

for Rear Admiral

George J. Dufek George John Dufek (10 February 1903, Rockford, Illinois – 10 February 1977, Bethesda, Maryland) was an American naval officer, naval aviator, and polar expert. He served in World War II and the Korean War and in the 1940s and 1950s spent much ...

Dufek Coast The Dufek Coast is that portion of the coast along the southwest margin of the Ross Ice Shelf between Airdrop Peak on the east side of the Beardmore Glacier and Morris Peak on the east side of Liv Glacier. It was named by the New Zealand Antar ...

Dufek Head Dufek Head () is an ice-covered headland northeast of Tyree Head in southern Ross Island. The headland rises to at the east side of the terminus of Aurora Glacier. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (2000) in association wi ...

, and

Dufek Mountain Dufek may refer to: * 3781 Dufek, a minor planet named after George Dufek * Dufek Coast in Antarctica, named after U.S. Rear Admiral George J. Dufek * Dufek Head, a headland in Antarctica * Dufek Massif Dufek Massif, Augusto Pinochet Massif or Sa ...

are also named for Dufek. U.S. Navy, who was in direct operational command of U.S. Navy Task Force 43 during that operation. The entire Pensacola Mountains were mapped by the

U.S. Geological Survey The United States Geological Survey (USGS), formerly simply known as the Geological Survey, is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and ...

in 1967 and 1968 from ground surveys and U.S. Navy tricamera aerial photographs taken in 1964. The range covers and its highest point is

England Peak England Peak is a sharp peak in Antarctica, about high, located south of Aughenbaugh Peak and east of Neuburg Peak in the western part of the Dufek Massif, Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Na ...

, at . Other notable local terrain features include

Kelley Spur Kelley Spur is a rock Spur (topography), spur east of Spear Spur on the south side of Dufek Massif in the Pensacola Mountains of Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1956� ...

, a rock

spur A spur is a metal tool designed to be worn in pairs on the heels of riding boots for the purpose of directing a horse or other animal to move forward or laterally while riding. It is usually used to refine the riding aids (commands) and to back ...

east of

Spear Spur Spear Spur is a rock spur 3 nautical miles (6 km) east of Clinton Spur and 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) west of Kelley Spur, on the south side of Dufek Massif, Pensacola Mountains. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys ...

on the south side of Dufek Massif.

Features

Geographical features include:

Boyd Escarpment

Other features

Alley Spur The Alley Spur is a rock spur on the north side of the Dufek Massif, just south of Sapp Rocks, in the Pensacola Mountains of Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1956–66, and name ...

Aughenbaugh Peak Aughenbaugh Peak is a sharp peak in Antarctica, rising to over . It stands northeast of Neuburg Peak in southwest Dufek Massif, Pensacola Mountains. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and from U.S. Navy air photos ...

Brown Nunataks The Brown Nunataks () are three nunataks lying northwest of Walker Peak at the southwest extremity of Dufek Massif, Pensacola Mountains. They were mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and from U.S. Navy air photos, 1956–66 ...

* Cairn Ridge * Carlson Buttress * Clemons Spur *

Clinton Spur Clinton Spur () is a rock spur on the south side of Dufek Massif, southeast of Neuburg Peak, in the Pensacola Mountains. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and from U.S. Navy air photos, 1956–66, and named by the A ...

Czamanske Ridge Czamanske Ridge () is a ridge between Jaeger Table and Welcome Pass in the Dufek Massif of the Pensacola Mountains. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names after Gerald K. Czamanske, a United States Geological Survey The ...

Davis Valley Davis Valley is an ice-free valley just east of Forlidas Ridge in north-east Dufek Massif, in the Pensacola Mountains of Queen Elizabeth Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos in ...

Edge Glacier Edge Glacier () is a small cliff-type glacier draining northward into Davis Valley in northeast Dufek Massif, Pensacola Mountains. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1956–66, and was nam ...

Enchanted Valley Enchanted Valley () is a small snow-filled valley between Walker Peak and Hannah Peak in the southwest end of the Dufek Massif, Pensacola Mountains. The name describes the scenic beauty of the valley and was applied by the United States – Inter ...

Ford Ice Piedmont Ford Ice Piedmont () is the large ice piedmont lying northward of Dufek Massif and the Forrestal Range between the lower ends of Foundation Ice Stream and Support Force Glacier, in the Pensacola Mountains of Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory ...

Forlidas Pond Forlidas Pond is a round frozen pond, in diameter, lying in a morainal valley east of the north end of Forlidas Ridge, Dufek Massif, Queen Elizabeth Land, Antarctica. The only pond in the northern Pensacola Mountains, it is of much interest to b ...

Forlidas Ridge Forlidas Ridge is a rock ridge that forms the west side of Davis Valley in the Dufek Massif, Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1956–66, and was named by th ...

Foundation Ice Stream Foundation Ice Stream is a major ice stream in Antarctica's Pensacola Mountains. The ice stream drains northward for along the west side of the Patuxent Range and the Neptune Range to enter the Ronne Ice Shelf westward of Dufek Massif. The Unit ...

Frost Spur Frost Spur () is a rock spur between Lewis Spur and Alley Spur on the north side of Dufek Massif, in the Pensacola Mountains of Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1956–66, and ...

* Hannah Peak *

Jaburg Glacier Jaburg Glacier () is a broad glacier draining westward between the Dufek Massif and the Cordiner Peaks in the Pensacola Mountains of Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1956–6 ...

* Jaeger Table *

* Kistler Valley *

Lewis Spur Jaeger Table () is the ice-covered summit plateau of Dufek Massif, in the Pensacola Mountains of Antarctica, rising to at Worcester Summit. The plateau was mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in 1968 from ground surveys and U.S. Na ...

Neuburg Peak Neuburg Peak is a jagged rock peak in Antarctica, 1,840 m, rising 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km) east of Walker Peak in the southwest part of Dufek Massif, Pensacola Mountains. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from sur ...

* Nutt Bluff * Petite Rocks * Preslik Spur * Pyroxenite Promontory * Rautio Nunatak * Sallee Snowfield * Sapp Rocks *

* The Organ Pipes (Antarctica) * Tranquillity Valley *

Walker Peak Neuburg Peak is a jagged rock peak in Antarctica, 1,840 m, rising 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km) east of Walker Peak in the southwest part of Dufek Massif, Pensacola Mountains. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from sur ...

* Welcome Pass *

Worcester Summit Worcester Summit is the crest of a ridge rising to about 2,030 m at the east end of Jaeger Table, Dufek Massif, in the Pensacola Mountains of Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 1979 after Robin D ...

* Wujek Ridge

Notes

References

Mountain ranges of Queen Elizabeth Land Pensacola Mountains {{QueenElizabethLand-geo-stub