Daniel Charles Drucker (June 3, 1918 – September 1, 2001) was American
civil
Civil may refer to:
*Civic virtue, or civility
*Civil action, or lawsuit
* Civil affairs
*Civil and political rights
*Civil disobedience
*Civil engineering
*Civil (journalism), a platform for independent journalism
*Civilian, someone not a membe ...
and
mechanical engineer
Mechanical may refer to:
Machine
* Machine (mechanical), a system of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a specific application of output forces and movement
* Mechanical calculator, a device used to perform the basic operations of ...
and academic, who served as president of the Society for Experimental Stress Analysis (now
Society for Experimental Mechanics
Society for Experimental Mechanics (SEM) is a professional organization for engineers and scientists studying the design and implementation of experiments to characterize materials, structures, and systems. Formed in 1943 as the Society for Experim ...
) in 1960–1961, as president of the
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) is an American professional association that, in its own words, "promotes the art, science, and practice of multidisciplinary engineering and allied sciences around the globe" via "continuing ...
in the year 1973–74, and as president of the American Academy of Mechanics in 1981–82.
Drucker was known as an authority on the theory of
plasticity
Plasticity may refer to:
Science
* Plasticity (physics), in engineering and physics, the propensity of a solid material to undergo permanent deformation under load
* Neuroplasticity, in neuroscience, how entire brain structures, and the brain it ...
in the field of
applied mechanics
Applied mechanics is the branch of science concerned with the motion of any substance that can be experienced or perceived by humans without the help of instruments. In short, when mechanics concepts surpass being theoretical and are applied and e ...
. His key contributions to the field of plasticity include the concept of material stability described by the
Drucker stability postulates and the
Drucker–Prager yield criterion
The Drucker–Prager yield criterion is a pressure-dependent model for determining whether a material has failed or undergone plastic yielding. The criterion was introduced to deal with the plastic deformation of soils. It and its many variants ...
.
Biography
Youth and education
Drucker was born in
New York City
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...
. His father Moses Abraham Drucker was a civil engineer, and Drucker wanted to follow in his footsteps.
[G.J. Dvorak, R.T. Shield. ''Mechanics of Material Behavior: The Daniel C. Drucker Anniversary Volume,'' 2016. p. 1]
Drucker studied at the
Columbia University
Columbia University (also known as Columbia, and officially as Columbia University in the City of New York) is a private research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhatt ...
, where he obtained his BSc in
civil engineering
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewage ...
in 1938. Next, in 1940 he obtained his PhD in mechanical engineering under
Raymond D. Mindlin
Raymond David Mindlin (New York City, 17 September 1906 – 22 November 1987) was an American mechanical engineer, Professor of Applied Science at Columbia University, and recipient of the 1946 Presidential Medal for Merit and many other awards an ...
.
Career, honours and awards
Drucker taught at
Brown University
Brown University is a private research university in Providence, Rhode Island. Brown is the seventh-oldest institution of higher education in the United States, founded in 1764 as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providenc ...
from 1946 until 1968 when he joined the
University of Illinois
The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (U of I, Illinois, University of Illinois, or UIUC) is a public land-grant research university in Illinois in the twin cities of Champaign and Urbana. It is the flagship institution of the University ...
as Dean of Engineering. In 1984 he left Illinois to become a graduate research professor at the
University of Florida
The University of Florida (Florida or UF) is a public land-grant research university in Gainesville, Florida. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida, traces its origins to 1853, and has operated continuously on its ...
until his retirement in 1994.
He received the
Murray
Murray may refer to:
Businesses
* Murray (bicycle company), an American manufacturer of low-cost bicycles
* Murrays, an Australian bus company
* Murray International Trust, a Scottish investment trust
* D. & W. Murray Limited, an Australian who ...
Lecture and Award in 1967, title the seventh Honorary Member in 1969,
Frocht Award in 1971 and title of
Fellow
A fellow is a concept whose exact meaning depends on context.
In learned or professional societies, it refers to a privileged member who is specially elected in recognition of their work and achievements.
Within the context of higher education ...
from the Society for Strain Analysis (SESA), now known as the
Society for Experimental Mechanics (SEM). In 1988, Drucker was awarded the
National Medal of Science
The National Medal of Science is an honor bestowed by the President of the United States to individuals in science and engineering who have made important contributions to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of behavioral and social scienc ...
. He was a member of the
National Academy of Engineering
The National Academy of Engineering (NAE) is an American nonprofit, non-governmental organization. The National Academy of Engineering is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, along with the National Academy ...
and of the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (abbreviation: AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, and ...
. The
Drucker Medal The Daniel C. Drucker medal was instituted in 1997 by the Applied Mechanics Division of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. The Drucker Medal is conferred in recognition of distinguished contributions to the fields of applied mechanics a ...
is named in his honor. He was also awarded the
Timoshenko Medal The Timoshenko Medal is an award given annually by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) to an individual
"in recognition of distinguished contributions to the field of applied mechanics."
The Timoshenko Medal, widely regarded as th ...
in 1983.
Daniel C. Drucker Medal
The Daniel C. Drucker Medal, awarded by the
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) is an American professional association that, in its own words, "promotes the art, science, and practice of multidisciplinary engineering and allied sciences around the globe" via "continuing ...
, was named in his honor in 1998. Drucker was the first recipient of this annual award.
* 1998 Daniel C. Drucker
* 1999
Ascher H. Shapiro
Ascher Herman Shapiro (May 20, 1916 – November 26, 2004) was a professor of Mechanical Engineering at MIT. He grew up in New York City.
Early life and education
Shapiro was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York, to Jewish Lithuanian immigrant ...
* 2000
Philip G. Hodge
* 2001
Bruno A. Boley
* 2002
George J. Dvorak
* 2003
Leon M. Keer
* 2004
Frank A. McClintock
* 2005
Robert L. Taylor
* 2006
Alan Needleman
Alan Needleman (born September 2, 1944) is a professor of materials science & engineering at Texas A&M University. Prior to 2009, he was Florence Pirce Grant University Professor of Mechanics of Solids and Structures at Brown University in Pro ...
* 2007
Albert S. Kobayashi
* 2008
Thomas C. T. Ting
* 2009
James R. Barber
* 2010
Rohan Abeyaratne
* 2011
John W. Rudnicki
* 2012
James W. Dally
* 2013
Yonggang Huang
Yonggang Huang (; born 1962) is the Jan and Marcia Achenbach Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Northwestern University.
Huang was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2017, a member of National Academy of Sciences an ...
* 2014
Lallit Anand
Lallit Anand is the Warren and Towneley Rohsenow Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). His research focuses on solid mechanics and large deformation flow plasticity theory , plasticity theory. H ...
* 2015
Krishnaswamy Ravi-Chandar
* 2016
Kyung-Suk Kim
* 2017
David Parks
* 2018
David M. Barnett
David (; , "beloved one") (traditional spelling), , ''Dāwūd''; grc-koi, Δαυΐδ, Dauíd; la, Davidus, David; gez , ዳዊት, ''Dawit''; xcl, Դաւիթ, ''Dawitʿ''; cu, Давíдъ, ''Davidŭ''; possibly meaning "beloved one". w ...
* 2019
John Bassani
* 2020
Glaucio H. Paulino
* 2021
Markus J. Buehler
Markus J. Buehler is an American materials scientist and engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he holds the endowed McAfee Professorship of Engineering chair. He is a member of the faculty at MIT's Department of Civi ...
Death
Drucker died from
leukemia
Leukemia ( also spelled leukaemia and pronounced ) is a group of blood cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal blood cells. These blood cells are not fully developed and are called ''blasts'' or ' ...
on September 1, 2001.
Selected publications
* An evaluation of current knowledge of the mechanics of brittle fracture
* Constitutive relations for finite deformation of polycrystalline metals : proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium, held in Beijing, China, July 22–25, 1991
* Fracture of solids : proceedings of an international conference sponsored by the Institute of Metals Division, American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Maple Valley, Washington, August 21–24, 1962
* Introduction to mechanics of deformable solids
* Macroscopic fundamentals in brittle fracture, 1967:
* Mechanics of material behavior, 1983:
* On fitting mathematical theories of plasticity to experimental results
* Plastic design methods - advantages and limitations
* Stress analysis by three-dimensional photoclastic methods
* Stress-strain relations in the plastic range : a survey of theory and experiment
References
External links
Daniel C. Drucker NAP, Memorial Tributes
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Drucker, Daniel C.
1918 births
2001 deaths
American mechanical engineers
Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
University of Florida faculty
National Medal of Science laureates
ASME Medal recipients
Scientists from New York City
Presidents of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Engineers from New York City