The
Deutsche Reichsbahn
The ''Deutsche Reichsbahn'', also known as the German National Railway, the German State Railway, German Reich Railway, and the German Imperial Railway, was the German national railway system created after the end of World War I from the regiona ...
's Class 05 was a German class of three express passenger
steam locomotives of
4-6-4 wheel arrangement
In rail transport, a wheel arrangement or wheel configuration is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed under a locomotive. Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and c ...
in the
Whyte notation
Whyte notation is a classification method for steam locomotives, and some internal combustion locomotives and electric locomotives, by wheel arrangement. It was devised by Frederick Methvan Whyte, and came into use in the early twentieth cen ...
, or 2′C2′ h3 in the
UIC notation
The UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements, sometimes known as the German classification''The Railway Data File''. Leicester: Silverdale, 2000. p. 52. . or German system,Kalla-Bishop P.M. & Greggio, Luciano, ''Steam Locomotives'', Cre ...
used in continental Europe. They were part of the DRG's standard locomotive (''
Einheitslokomotive'') series.
Pre World War II history
Since the success of the
diesel
Diesel may refer to:
* Diesel engine, an internal combustion engine where ignition is caused by compression
* Diesel fuel, a liquid fuel used in diesel engines
* Diesel locomotive, a railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engin ...
high speed trains
High-speed rail (HSR) is a type of rail system that runs significantly faster than traditional rail, using an integrated system of specialised rolling stock and dedicated tracks. While there is no single standard that applies worldwide, lines ...
like the
Flying Hamburger
The DRG Class SVT 877 Hamburg Flyer – sometimes also Flying Hamburger or in German ''Fliegender Hamburger'' – was Germany's first fast diesel train, and is credited with establishing the fastest regular railway connection in the world in its t ...
in the middle of the 1930s, the German locomotive industry turned to faster
steam locomotives. After speed tests with a
streamlined
Streamlines, streaklines and pathlines are field lines in a fluid flow.
They differ only when the flow changes with time, that is, when the flow is not steady.
Considering a velocity vector field in three-dimensional space in the framework of ...
DRG Class 03
The Class 03 steam engines were standard express train locomotives ('' Einheitslokomotiven'') in service with the Deutsche Reichsbahn.
History
The Class 03 engines were built between 1930 and 1938 as express train locomotives for rou ...
the
Borsig Borsig is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* (1867–1897), German entrepreneur
* August Borsig (1804–1854), German businessman
* Conrad von Borsig (1873–1945), German mechanical engineer
* Ernst Borsig
Ernst August Pau ...
locomotive factories produced three engines:
* 05 001 as streamlined in 1935
* 05 002 as streamlined in 1935; This engine broke the world speed record in 1936 at 124.5 mph (200.4 km/h)
* 05 003 as
cab forward streamlined in 1937
The locomotives did regular service in FD express passenger trains, e.g. FD 23 from
Hamburg
(male), (female) en, Hamburger(s),
Hamburgian(s)
, timezone1 = Central (CET)
, utc_offset1 = +1
, timezone1_DST = Central (CEST)
, utc_offset1_DST = +2
, postal ...
to
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany by population, largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European Union by population within ci ...
.
The design speed was 175 km/h (109 mph). In 1944, the streamline plates were removed. 05 003 had been rebuilt and lost the cab forward design.
World high speed records
05 001 and 05 002 were mainly used for test runs from 1935 to 1936. Most of these runs were made on complete journeys between Hamburg and Berlin. On 7 June 1935 the 05 002 made a top speed of near Berlin. The same engine made six more runs with more than with trains up to weight. On 11 May 1936 it set the
world speed record for steam locomotives after reaching on the
Berlin–Hamburg line hauling a train. The engine power was more than ). This record was broken two years later by the British
LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard
LNER Class A4 4468 ''Mallard'' is a 4-6-2 ("Pacific") steam locomotive built in 1938 for operation on the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) at Doncaster Works to a design of Nigel Gresley. Its streamlined, wind tunnel tested design all ...
engine, on a slightly downhill line but with a heavier (240
ton
Ton is the name of any one of several units of measure. It has a long history and has acquired several meanings and uses.
Mainly it describes units of weight. Confusion can arise because ''ton'' can mean
* the long ton, which is 2,240 pounds
...
) train. This record was set between
Little Bytham
Little Bytham is a village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 384. It lies on the B1176 road, south from Corby Glen and north from Stamford .
T ...
and
Essendine
Essendine is a village and civil parish at the eastern end of the county of Rutland in the East Midlands of England, located 5 miles (7 km) north of Stamford and 6 miles (10 km) south of Bourne. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 cen ...
in South
Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire (abbreviated Lincs.) is a Counties of England, county in the East Midlands of England, with a long coastline on the North Sea to the east. It borders Norfolk to the south-east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south-we ...
.
On 30 May 1936 the 05 002 set an unbroken start stop speed record for steam locomotives: During the return run from a 190 km/h test Berlin-Hamburg it did the ~ from Wittenberge to a signal stop before Berlin-Spandau in 48 min 32 s, meaning average between start and stop.
Post-War history
After World War II, the three engines came to the engine shop in
Hamm,
Westphalia
Westphalia (; german: Westfalen ; nds, Westfalen ) is a region of northwestern Germany and one of the three historic parts of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It has an area of and 7.9 million inhabitants.
The territory of the regio ...
. Since there were only three specimens of the 05,
DB thought to scrap them. But then the engines were sent to
Krauss-Maffei
KraussMaffei is a German manufacturer of injection molding machines, machines for plastics extrusion technology, and reaction process machinery. It was acquired by ChemChina in 2016.
History Locomotives
KraussMaffei was formed in 1931 from a me ...
to be restored. 05 003 went into regular service in 1950, the other two in 1951. Boiler pressure was reduced to , hence the engines lost some of their old power. All three locomotives were used to haul express trains until 1958.
Mostly the 05 hauled the FD (long-distance express) trains "Hanseat" and "Domspatz" on the run
Hamburg
(male), (female) en, Hamburger(s),
Hamburgian(s)
, timezone1 = Central (CET)
, utc_offset1 = +1
, timezone1_DST = Central (CEST)
, utc_offset1_DST = +2
, postal ...
-
Cologne
Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and 3.6 millio ...
-
Frankfurt
Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian: , " Frank ford on the Main"), is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located on it ...
. The regular top speed of the trains was . On this run the 05 operated trains did the longest run with steam traction in the DB network. July 1958 the 05 were replaced by the
diesel-hydraulic
A diesel locomotive is a type of railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engine. Several types of diesel locomotives have been developed, differing mainly in the means by which mechanical power is conveyed to the driving wheels ...
DB class V 200
DB Class V 200 (also known as Class 220) was the first series production diesel-hydraulic express locomotive of the German Deutsche Bundesbahn and – as Am 4/4 – of the SBB-CFF-FFS in Switzerland.
History
DB Service
Five prototypes of t ...
.
05 001 went to the
Verkehrsmuseum Nürnberg, where it can be seen streamlined in large parts - the drivetrain on the right hand side remains visible - in its original red livery. The other two locomotives were scrapped in 1960.
Gallery
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-16692, Stromlinienlokomotive 05 001.jpg, 05 001 on delivery
File:Bild 183-C10258.jpg, The streamlined cab forward 05 003
File:05001 Nuernberg 2006-08.jpg, 05 001 in the Nuremberg Transport Museum
The Nuremberg Transport Museum (') is based in Nuremberg, Germany, and consists of the Deutsche Bahn's own DB Museum and the Museum of Communications ('). It also has two satellite museums at Koblenz-Lützel (the '' DB Museum Koblenz'') and Halle ...
Notes
References
*
External links
* https://web.archive.org/web/20070827054340/http://www.ewetel.net/~michael.blunck/ttd/br05_1.html
* http://www.dbtrains.com/en/locomotives/epochII/BR05
* http://www.dlok.de/87.htm Specifications source (in German)
{{DRG locomotives
05
4-6-4 locomotives
05
Borsig locomotives
Streamlined steam locomotives
Passenger locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
Railway locomotives introduced in 1935
2′C2′ h3 locomotives