''Cyclocosmia'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
mygalomorph trapdoor spiders in the family
Halonoproctidae
Halonoproctidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders, split off from the family Ctenizidae in 2018. Species in the family are widely distributed in North and Central America, Australasia, Asia, southern Europe and North Africa. One species is reco ...
, first described by
Anton Ausserer
Anton Ausserer (5 July 184320 July 1889)Maurer, Ferdinand: ''Nachruf an Dr. Anton Ausserer.'' Programm des kk. acad. Gymnasiums in Grätz. Graz 1890 was an Austrian naturalist specialising in spiders.Bonnet, Pierre: Bibliographia aranearum, Les ...
in 1871.
Originally placed with the
Ctenizidae
Ctenizidae is a small family of mygalomorph spiders that construct burrows with a cork-like trapdoor made of soil, vegetation, and silk. They may be called trapdoor spiders, as are other, similar species, such as those of the families Liphistii ...
, when the family split in 2018, this genus was placed with the
Halonoproctidae
Halonoproctidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders, split off from the family Ctenizidae in 2018. Species in the family are widely distributed in North and Central America, Australasia, Asia, southern Europe and North Africa. One species is reco ...
as the
type genus.
The name is derived from the Greek "kyklos" (), meaning "circle", and "kosmeo" (), meaning "to adorn".
Description
''C. ricketti'' females are long, with a disk diameter of . Their burrows are deep, and only the bottom portion of the burrow is silk lined.
These are trapdoor spiders, whose species are distinguished from each other by the pattern of the abdominal disk, the number of hairs on its seam, and the shape of the
spermathecae. They have abdomens that are abruptly truncated, ending in a hardened disc that is strengthened by a system of ribs and grooves. They use this to clog the entrance of their burrows when threatened,
a phenomenon called
phragmosis. The disks have strong spines around the edge, and they each have four
spinnerets just anterior to it. The posterior, retractable spinnerets are particularly large.
Species
it contains ten species:
*''
Cyclocosmia lannaensis''
Schwendinger, 2005 – China, Thailand
*''
Cyclocosmia latusicosta''
Zhu, Zhang & Zhang, 2006 – China, Vietnam
*''
Cyclocosmia liui''
Xu, Xu & Li, 2017 – China
*''
Cyclocosmia loricata''
( C. L. Koch, 1842) – Mexico
*''
Cyclocosmia ricketti''
( Pocock, 1901) – China
*''
Cyclocosmia siamensis''
Schwendinger, 2005 – Thailand, Laos
*''
Cyclocosmia sublatusicosta''
Yu & Zhang, 2018 – China
*''
Cyclocosmia subricketti''
Yu & Zhang, 2018 – China
*''
Cyclocosmia torreya''
Gertsch & Platnick, 1975 – USA
*''
Cyclocosmia truncata''
(Hentz, 1841) (
type) – USA
References
Further reading
* (2005): Two new ''Cyclocosmia'' (Araneae: Ctenizidae) from Thailand. ''Revue Suisse de Zoologie'' 112(1): 225-252
External links
''Cyclocosmia''at Bugguide.net
''Cyclocosmia''close up
Halonoproctidae
Mygalomorphae genera
Spiders of Asia
Spiders of North America
Taxa named by Anton Ausserer
{{Mygalomorphae-stub