CIA cryptonyms are

code name A code name, call sign or cryptonym is a code word or name used, sometimes clandestinely, to refer to another name, word, project, or person. Code names are often used for military purposes, or in espionage. They may also be used in industrial c ...

s or

code word In communication, a code word is an element of a standardized code or protocol. Each code word is assembled in accordance with the specific rules of the code and assigned a unique meaning. Code words are typically used for reasons of reliability, ...

s used by the U.S.

Central Intelligence Agency The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, ...

(CIA) to refer to projects, operations, persons, agencies, etc.

Format of cryptonyms

CIA cryptonyms sometimes contain a two character prefix called a digraph, which designates a geographical or functional area. Certain digraphs were changed over time; for example, the digraph for the Soviet Union changed at least twice. The rest is either an arbitrary dictionary word, or occasionally the digraph and the cryptonym combine to form a dictionary word (e.g., AEROPLANE) or can be read out as a simple phrase (e.g., WIBOTHER, read as "Why bother!"). Cryptonyms are sometimes written with a slash after the digraph, e.g., ZR/RIFLE, and sometimes in one sequence, e.g., ZRRIFLE. The latter format is the more common style in CIA documents. Examples from publications by former CIA personnel show that the terms "code name" and "cryptonym" can refer to the names of operations as well as to individual persons. TRIGON, for example, was the code name for Aleksandr Ogorodnik, a member of the

Ministry of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the government department responsible for the state's diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entit ...

in the former

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

, whom the CIA developed as a spy; HERO was the code name for Col.

Oleg Penkovsky Oleg Vladimirovich Penkovsky (russian: link=no, Олег Владимирович Пеньковский; 23 April 1919 – 16 May 1963), codenamed HERO, was a Soviet military intelligence (GRU) colonel during the late 1950s and early 1960s. Pen ...

, who supplied data on the nuclear readiness of the Soviet Union during the

Cuban Missile Crisis The Cuban Missile Crisis, also known as the October Crisis (of 1962) ( es, Crisis de Octubre) in Cuba, the Caribbean Crisis () in Russia, or the Missile Scare, was a 35-day (16 October – 20 November 1962) confrontation between the United S ...

of 1962. According to former CIA Director Richard M. Helms: "The code names for most Agency operations are picked in sequence from a sterile list, with care taken not to use any word that might give a clue to the activity it covers. On some large projects, code names are occasionally specially chosen—GOLD, SILVER, PBSUCCESS, CORONA. When

Robert F. Kennedy Robert Francis Kennedy (November 20, 1925June 6, 1968), also known by his initials RFK and by the nickname Bobby, was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 64th United States Attorney General from January 1961 to September 1964, ...

requested a code name for the government-wide plan that Richard Goodwin was drafting, an exception was made. Goodwin was on the White House staff, and the plan concerned

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

. Occasionally the special code names come close to the nerve, as did

MONGOOSE A mongoose is a small terrestrial carnivorous mammal belonging to the family Herpestidae. This family is currently split into two subfamilies, the Herpestinae and the Mungotinae. The Herpestinae comprises 23 living species that are native to so ...

." A secret joint program between the

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...

CIA station and the Mexican secret police to

wiretap Telephone tapping (also wire tapping or wiretapping in American English) is the monitoring of telephone and Internet-based conversations by a third party, often by covert means. The wire tap received its name because, historically, the monitorin ...

the Soviet and Cuban embassies was code-named

ENVOY Envoy or Envoys may refer to: Diplomacy * Diplomacy, in general * Envoy (title) * Special envoy, a type of diplomatic rank Brands *Airspeed Envoy, a 1930s British light transport aircraft *Envoy (automobile), an automobile brand used to sell Br ...

. Some cryptonyms relate to more than one subject, e.g., a group of people. In this case, the basic cryptonym, e.g., LICOZY, will designate the whole group, while each group member is designated by a sequence number, e.g., LICOZY/3, which can also be written LICOZY-3, or just L-3.

Digraphs

Partial list of digraphs and probable definitions

* AE:

(1960s)David Wise, ''Nightmover: How Aldrich Ames Sold the CIA to the KGB for $4.6 Million'', HarperCollins Publishers, 1996 p.15 * AL:

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

* AM:

(also JM) * AV:

Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...

* BE:

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

* BG:

Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also or . officially the Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea and shares ...

* BI:

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

* CA:

West Germany West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 O ...

* CK: CIA Soviet and East Europe division sensitive cases (late 1970s) * DB:

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...

* DI:

Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...

* DM: SFRY / Yugoslavia * DN:

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...

* DU:

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

* EC:

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...

* ES:

Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the northeast by Belize and the Caribbean; to the east by H ...

(also PB) * FU:

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...

* GT: CIA Soviet and East Europe division sensitive cases (1980s) * HA:

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

(1958) * IA:

Angola , national_anthem = " Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordina ...

* IR: Philippines? * JM:

(also AM) * KK:

Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...

Seymour M. Hersh, ''The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy'', New York, Random House, 1991 pp. 5 * KU: CIA and CIA components * LC:

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

* LN:

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

* LI: Mexico City * MH: Worldwide operation. * MJ:

Palestinian Palestinians ( ar, الفلسطينيون, ; he, פָלַסְטִינִים, ) or Palestinian people ( ar, الشعب الفلسطيني, label=none, ), also referred to as Palestinian Arabs ( ar, الفلسطينيين العرب, label=non ...

-relatedKai Bird, ''The Good Spy: The Life and Death of Robert Ames'', Crown Publishing Group, New York, 2014 p. 95 * MK: CIA Technical Services Division (1950s/1960s) * MO:

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...

* OD: Other US Government Departments (1960s) * PB:

(also ES) * PD:

(1980s) * PO:

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

* SD:

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

* SM:

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and North ...

* ST: CIA Directorate of Operations, Far East division, China Branch * SZ:

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

* TP: Iran (1953) * TU:

South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...

* WI: Democratic Republic of the Congo (1960s) * EU-RN: Intelligence intercept program of CIA Staff D ops, the group that worked directly with the NSA (

National Security Agency The National Security Agency (NSA) is a national-level intelligence agency of the United States Department of Defense, under the authority of the Director of National Intelligence (DNI). The NSA is responsible for global monitoring, collecti ...

Unidentified digraphs

DT, ER, FJ, HB, HO, HT, JU, KM, KO, QK, SC, SE, SG, WO, WS, ZI

Known cryptonyms

* Adam:

Guatemala City Guatemala City ( es, Ciudad de Guatemala), known locally as Guatemala or Guate, is the capital and largest city of Guatemala, and the most populous urban area in Central America. The city is located in the south-central part of the country, nest ...

* AEACRE: Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council (ZP/UHVR) radio broadcastsRichard H. Cummings
"From the Secret Pages of History"
''Kyiv Post'', December 21, 2021 * AECASSOWARY-2:

Mykola Lebed Mykola Lebed ( uk, Микола Кирилович Лебідь or ; January 11, 1909 – July 18, 1998), also known as Maksym Ruban, Marko or Yevhen Skyrba, was a Ukrainian political activist, Ukrainian nationalist, guerrilla fighter, and war ...

, President of Prolog and CIA Principal Agent * AECROAK: Radio station called Nasha Rossiya * AEFOXTROT: Yuri Ivanovich Nosenko, a Soviet defector. * AELADLE:

Anatoliy Golitsyn Anatoliy Mikhaylovich Golitsyn CBE ( Russian: Анатолий Михайлович Голицын; August 25, 1926 – December 29, 2008) was a Soviet KGB defector and author of two books about the long-term deception strategy of the KGB lead ...

, Soviet defector and former KGB officer. * AERODYNAMIC: Psychological warfare operation * AERANTER: Sub-project of Operation AERODYNAMIC * AESCREEN: Soviet Bloc division's translation and analysis unit * AETENURE: Prolog Research and Publishing Association, Inc. * AMBIDDY-1:

Manuel Artime Manuel Francisco Artime Buesa, M.D. (29 January 1932 – 18 November 1977) was a Cuban-American who at one time was a member of the rebel army of Fidel Castro but later was the political leader of Brigade 2506 land forces in the abortive Bay of Pi ...

. * AMBLOOD: Luis Torroella y Martin Rivero, a CIA agent. * AMCLATTER-1:

Bernard Barker Bernard Leon Barker (March 17, 1917 – June 5, 2009) was a Watergate burglar and undercover operative in CIA-directed plots to overthrow Cuban leader Fidel Castro. Early life Barker was born in Havana, to a Russian American father of Jewish ...

, one of the

Watergate The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal in the United States involving the administration of President Richard Nixon from 1972 to 1974 that led to Nixon's resignation. The scandal stemmed from the Nixon administration's continual ...

burglars. * AMBUD * AMCLEOPATRAWaldron & Hartmann 2009, p. 204 * AMCOBRA * AMCROW * AMCRUZ or AMCRUX? * AMFOX * AMGLOSSY * AMHALF * AMJUDGE * AMLASH: Plan to assassinate

Fidel Castro Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; ; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 200 ...

associated mainly with Rolando Cubela. AMLASH has been referred to as a "basically one-person Cubela operation".Waldron & Hartmann 2005, p. 215 * AMLASH-1:

Rolando Cubela Secades Rolando Cubela Secades (19 January 1933 – 23 August 2022) was a Cuban revolutionary leader who played a vital part in the Cuban Revolution, having been a founding member of the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil and later the military lea ...

, a Cuban official involved in plot to kill

in 1963. * AMOT: Cuban exile informants of

David Sánchez Morales David Sánchez Morales (August 26, 1925 – May 8, 1978) was a Central Intelligence Agency operative who worked in Cuba and Chile. Biographical highlights Morales, of Cuban- Mexican descent, spent his early life in Phoenix, Arizona, and attend ...

. * AMPALM-4 * AMQUACK:

Che Guevara Ernesto Che Guevara (; 14 June 1928The date of birth recorded on /upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Ernesto_Guevara_Acta_de_Nacimiento.jpg his birth certificatewas 14 June 1928, although one tertiary source, (Julia Constenla, quoted ...

, Argentinian (later Cuban) guerrilla leader. * AMTHUG: Fidel Castro,

Prime Minister of Cuba The Prime Minister of Cuba ( es, Primer Ministro de Cuba), officially known as the President of the Council of Ministers ( es, Presidente del Consejo de Ministros de Cuba) between 1976 and 2019, is the head of government The head of gov ...

1959–1976. * AMTRUNK: A CIA plan by ''New York Times'' journalist

Tad Szulc Tadeusz Witold Szulc (July 25, 1926 – May 21, 2001) was an author and foreign correspondent for ''The New York Times'' from 1953 to 1972. Szulc is credited with breaking the story of the Bay of Pigs invasion. Early life Szulc was born in War ...

initiated in February 1963, also called the "Leonardo Plan", that was "an attempt to find disgruntled military officials in Cuba who might be willing to recruit higher military officials in a plot to overthrow Castro",Waldron & Hartmann 2005, p. 216 as well as to overthrow the Cuban government "by means of a conspiracy among high-level ... leaders of the government culminating in a coup d'etat". AMTRUNK has also been described as a "CIA-DIA Task Force on Cuba",Waldron & Hartmann 2009 p. 224 and as "a plodding bureaucratic effort" that "had worked for months to identify Cuban leaders who might be able to stage a coup". * AMWHIP-1: Business associate of

Santo Trafficante Jr. Santo Trafficante Jr. (November 15, 1914 – March 17, 1987) was among the most powerful Mafia bosses in the United States. He headed the Trafficante crime family and controlled organized criminal operations in Florida and Cuba, which had prev ...

who was in contact with Rolando Cubela (AMLASH) in 1963. * AMWORLD: A plan initiated June 28, 1963, to overthrow the Castro regime in a coup on December 1, 1963 (C-Day), that would have installed

Juan Almeida Bosque Juan Almeida Bosque (February 17, 1927 – September 11, 2009) was a Cuban politician and one of the original commanders of the insurgent forces in the Cuban Revolution. After the rebels took power in 1959, he was a prominent figure in the Co ...

, a top ranking Cuban military officer, as the new head of state.Waldron & Hartmann 2005, p. 794 Some Cuban exiles referred to C-Day as "Plan Omega". * BGGYPSY: Russia; Russian; Communist * BOND:

Puerto Barrios Puerto Barrios () is a city in Guatemala, located within the Gulf of Honduras. The city is located on Bahia de Amatique. Puerto Barrios is the departmental seat of Izabal department and is the administrative seat of Puerto Barrios municipality. ...

* Caesar:

Quetzaltenango Quetzaltenango (, also known by its Maya name Xelajú or Xela ) is both the seat of the namesake Department and municipality, in Guatemala. The city is located in a mountain valley at an elevation of above sea level at its lowest part. It may ...

* CALLIGERIS: Carlos Castillo Armas * CARTEL: Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council (ZP/UHVR) radio broadcasts * CKGULL: CIA Polish agent

Ryszard Kukliński Ryszard Jerzy Kukliński (June 13, 1930February 11, 2004) was a Polish colonel and Cold War spy for NATO. He was posthumously promoted to the rank of brigadier general by Polish President Andrzej Duda. Kukliński passed top secret Soviet documen ...

(also QTGULL)Benjamin Weiser, ''A Secret Life: The Polish Officer, His Covert Mission, and the Price He Paid to Save His Country'', New York: PublicAffairs, 2003 p. 344 * CKSPHERE, CKVANQUISH:

Adolf Tolkachev Adolf Georgiyevich Tolkachev (russian: Адольф Георгиевич Толкачёв; 6 January 1927 in Aktyubinsk (now Aktobe), Kazakh ASSR, Soviet Union – 24 September 1986) was a Soviet electronics engineer who provided key documents to ...

* CKTRIGON:

Aleksandr Dmitrievich Ogorodnik Alexander Dmitrievich Ogorodnik (November 11, 1939 – June 22, 1977) was a Soviet diplomat who, while stationed in Bogotá, was contacted by the Colombian Intelligence Agency and the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency to spy on the Soviet Union ...

* CKTWINE:

Boris Yuzhin Boris Nikolaevich Yuzhin (russian: Борис Николаевич Южин; born February 21, 1942) is a former Soviet Union, Soviet Espionage, spy. He was a Mole (espionage), mole in the KGB, spying for the Federal Bureau of Investigation in the 1 ...

* CKUTOPIA, CKQUARTZ: Victor Sheymov *

CORONA Corona (from the Latin for 'crown') most commonly refers to: * Stellar corona, the outer atmosphere of the Sun or another star * Corona (beer), a Mexican beer * Corona, informal term for the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes the COVID-19 di ...

: the CIA's first satellite Reconnaissance program, 1958 * DBACHILLES: 1995 effort to support a military coup in

. * DBANABASIS commenced Fall 2002, operation to train Iraqis in

Area 51 Area 51 is the common name of a highly classified United States Air Force (USAF) facility within the Nevada Test and Training Range. A remote detachment administered by Edwards Air Force Base, the facility is officially called Homey Airport ...

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. N ...

and then to run them on missions of sabotage and assassination inside Iraq. * DBROCKSTARS: Iraqi spy ring recruited by the CIA shortly before the

2003 invasion of Iraq The 2003 invasion of Iraq was a United States-led invasion of the Republic of Iraq and the first stage of the Iraq War. The invasion phase began on 19 March 2003 (air) and 20 March 2003 (ground) and lasted just over one month, including 26 ...

. * Doc: Mazatenango * DTFROGS:

El Salvador El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south b ...

* DYCLAIM: Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)The Case of Otto Albrecht Alfred von Bolschwing
/ref> * Eddie:

El Quiché EL, El or el may refer to: Religion * El (deity), a Semitic word for "God" People * EL (rapper) (born 1983), stage name of Elorm Adablah, a Ghanaian rapper and sound engineer * El DeBarge, music artist * El Franco Lee (1949–2016), American po ...

* ESCOBILLA, Guatemalan national * ESMERALDITE, labor informant affiliated with AFL-sponsored labor movement * ESSENCE, Guatemalan anti-Communist leader * FJHOPEFUL, military base * Frank: Jutiapa, Guatemala * Goss: Cobán, Guatemala * GROSSBAHN:

Otto von Bolschwing Otto Albrecht Alfred von Bolschwing (15 October 1909 – 7 March 1982) was a German SS- in the Nazi (SD), Hitler's SS intelligence agency. After World War II von Bolschwing became a spy and worked for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) i ...

, ''

Sicherheitsdienst ' (, ''Security Service''), full title ' (Security Service of the ''Reichsführer-SS''), or SD, was the intelligence agency of the SS and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany. Established in 1931, the SD was the first Nazi intelligence organization ...

'' officer who later served as a spy for CIA * GTACCORD:

GRU The Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, rus, Гла́вное управле́ние Генера́льного шта́ба Вооружённых сил Росси́йской Федера́ци ...

colonel Vladimir Mikhailovich Vasilyev * GTCOWL:

KGB The KGB (russian: links=no, lit=Committee for State Security, Комитет государственной безопасности (КГБ), a=ru-KGB.ogg, p=kəmʲɪˈtʲet ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)əj bʲɪzɐˈpasnəsʲtʲɪ, Komitet gosud ...

officer Sergei Vorontsov ("Stas") * GTFITNESS:

Gennady Varenik * GTGAUZE:

major Sergey Motorin * GTGENTILE:

lieutenant colonel Valery F. Martynov * GTTICKLE:

Oleg Gordievsky Oleg Antonovich Gordievsky, CMG (; born 10 October 1938) is a former colonel of the KGB who became KGB resident-designate (''rezident'') and bureau chief in London, and was a double agent, providing information to the British Secret Intelli ...

* GTJOGGER:

lieutenant colonel Vladimir M. Piguzov * GTMILLION:

lieutenant colonel Gennady Smetanin * GTWEIGH:

officer Leonid Polyshuk * Hank,

Zacapa Zacapa () is the departmental capital municipality of Zacapa Department, one of the 22 Departments of Guatemala. It is located approximately from Guatemala City. Sports Football club Deportivo Zacapa competes in Guatemala's top division and p ...

(Guatemalan base) * HTAUTOMAT: Photointerpretation center for the Lockheed U-2 reconnaissance aircraft project. * HTKEEPER: Mexico City * HTLINGUAL: Mail interception operation 1952–1973. * HTNEIGH: National Committee for Free Albania (NCFA) 949-mid1950s* HTPLUME:

Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Cos ...

* Ike: San José * Jack, Florida, Honduras * JMADD: CIA air base near city of

Retalhuleu The city of Retalhuleu () is situated in south-western Guatemala. It is the departmental seat of Retalhuleu Department as well as the municipal seat of Retalhuleu Municipality. Retalhuleu stands at about 240 metres above sea level. The city has a ...

, Guatemala 1960–1961 * JMATE: Cover Action plans against Cuba 1960–1961, resulting in Bay of Pigs invasion * JMBELL: CIA office (location unknown) 1961 * JMBLUG:

John Peurifoy John Emil Peurifoy (August 9, 1907 – August 12, 1955) was an American diplomat, an ambassador in the early years of the Cold War. He served as United States ambassador in Greece and Thailand and was the United States Ambassador to Guatemala ...

, U.S. Ambassador to Guatemala. * JMFURY: Preparatory strikes against Cuban airfields before

Bay of Pigs Invasion The Bay of Pigs Invasion (, sometimes called ''Invasión de Playa Girón'' or ''Batalla de Playa Girón'' after the Playa Girón) was a failed military landing operation on the southwestern coast of Cuba in 1961 by Cuban exiles, covertly fina ...

1961 * JMGLOW: CIA Washington 1961 * JMTIDE: CIA air base in

Puerto Cabezas Puerto Cabezas (; en, Bragman's Bluff; miq, Bilwi) is a municipality and city in Nicaragua. It is the capital of Miskito nation in the North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region. The municipality and the entire region are native American lands. ...

Nicaragua Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Managua is the cou ...

1961 * JMTRAX: CIA covert air base/training camp in Guatemala 1960–1961 * JMWAVE: CIA station in

Miami Miami ( ), officially the City of Miami, known as "the 305", "The Magic City", and "Gateway to the Americas", is a East Coast of the United States, coastal metropolis and the County seat, county seat of Miami-Dade County, Florida, Miami-Dade C ...

(that operated against

). * JMZIP: CIA office (location unknown) 1961 * Kent: Carias Viejas, Honduras * KKMOUNTAIN: CIA-Mossad cooperation in the 1960s * KMFLUSH:

* KMPAJAMA:

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

* KMPLEBE:

* KUBARK: Central Intelligence Agency (CIA);

CIA Headquarters The George Bush Center for Intelligence is the headquarters of the Central Intelligence Agency, located in the unincorporated community of Langley, Virginia, Langley in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States; near Washington, D.C. The headqua ...

Langley Langley may refer to: People * Langley (surname), a common English surname, including a list of notable people with the name * Dawn Langley Simmons (1922–2000), English author and biographer * Elizabeth Langley (born 1933), Canadian perfor ...

* KUBASS: CIA Directorate of Science and Technology (DS&T) * KUCAGE: CIA Psychological and Paramilitary Operations Staff * KUCHAP: CIA Deputy Director for Intelligence (DDI) * KUCITY: CIA Technical Services Division * KUCLUB: CIA Office of Communications * KUDESK: CIA Counterintelligence Center * KUDOVE: CIA Deputy Director for Operations (DDO) * KUFIRE: CIA Foreign Intelligence Staff * KUGOWN: CIA Psychological and Paramilitary Operations Staff * KUHOOK: CIA Paramilitary Operations Staff * KUJAZZ: CIA Office of National Estimates * KUJUMP: CIA Contact Division * KUKNOB: CIA Office of Scientific Intelligence (OSI) * KUMONK: CIA Office of Political Analysis (OPA) * KUPALM: CIA Office of Central Reference * KURIOT: CIA Technical Services Division * KUSODA: Center for CIA Security * KUTUBE: CIA Foreign Intelligence Staff * KUTWIN: Office of Strategic Services (OSS) * KUWOLF: CIA Political and Psychological Staff * KUWRAP: CIA Counterintelligence Center * Larry: Entre Ríos, Guatemala * LCFLUTTER:

Polygraph A polygraph, often incorrectly referred to as a lie detector test, is a device or procedure that measures and records several physiological indicators such as blood pressure, pulse, respiration, and skin conductivity while a person is asked an ...

, sometimes supplanted by ''

truth drug Truth is the property of being in accord with fact or reality.Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionarytruth 2005 In everyday language, truth is typically ascribed to things that aim to represent reality or otherwise correspond to it, such as beliefs, ...

s'': Sodium Amytal (

amobarbital Amobarbital (formerly known as amylobarbitone or sodium amytal as the soluble sodium salt) is a drug that is a barbiturate derivative. It has sedative- hypnotic properties. It is a white crystalline powder with no odor and a slightly bitter tas ...

), Sodium Pentothal (

thiopental Sodium thiopental, also known as Sodium Pentothal (a trademark of Abbott Laboratories), thiopental, thiopentone, or Trapanal (also a trademark), is a rapid-onset short-acting barbiturate general anesthetic. It is the thiobarbiturate analog of pe ...

), and Seconal (

secobarbital Secobarbital (as the sodium salt, originally marketed by Eli Lilly and Company for the treatment of insomnia, and subsequently by other companies as described below, under the brand name Seconal) is a short-acting barbiturate derivative drug that ...

) to induce regression in the subject. * LCPANGS: Costa Rica * LNHARP: United States Government * LIENVOY: Joint CIA-Mexican Wiretap/intercept program in Mexico.Agee, Philip. 1975. ''Inside the Company: CIA Diary'' * LINC, LINCOLN: PBSUCCESS Headquarters in Florida * LIONIZER: Guatemalan refugee group in Mexico * LITENSOR: Codename of CIA informant

Adolfo López Mateos Adolfo López Mateos (; 26 May 1909 – 22 September 1969) was a Mexican politician who served as President of Mexico from 1958 to 1964. Beginning his political career as a campaign aide of José Vasconcelos during his run for president, Lóp ...

, president of Mexico. * LITEMPO: Spy network, operated between 1956–1969, to exchange information with Mexican top officers. * LITEMPO-1 Emilio Bolanos, nephew of Gustavo Díaz-Ordaz Bolaños (Secretary of the Interior in the cabinet of president

) * LITEMPO-2: Gustavo Díaz-Ordaz Bolaños, Secretary of the Interior in the cabinet of president

and President of Mexico 1964–1970. * LITEMPO-4:

Fernando Gutiérrez Barrios Fernando Gutiérrez Barrios (October 26, 1927 – October 30, 2000) was a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He was in charge of the Dirección Federal de Seguridad secret police at the midst of th ...

, Head of the

Dirección Federal de Seguridad The Dirección Federal de Seguridad (''Federal Security Directorate'', DFS) was a Mexican intelligence agency and secret police. It was created in 1947 under Mexican president Miguel Alemán Valdés with the assistance of U.S. intelligence agen ...

(DFS), the top Mexican intelligence agency, at the midst of the

dirty war The Dirty War ( es, Guerra sucia) is the name used by the military junta or civic-military dictatorship of Argentina ( es, dictadura cívico-militar de Argentina, links=no) for the period of state terrorism in Argentina from 1974 to 1983 a ...

(1964–1970). * LITEMPO-8 (later LITEMPO-14):

Luis Echeverría Luis Echeverría Álvarez (; 17 January 1922 – 8 July 2022) was a Mexican lawyer, academic, and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), who served as the 57th president of Mexico from 1970 to 1976. Previously, ...

, Secretary of the Interior in the cabinet of president Gustavo Díaz-Ordaz Bolaños and President of Mexico 1970–1976. * LITEMPO-12:

Miguel Nazar Haro Miguel Nazar Haro (26 September 1924 – 26 January 2012) was the head of Mexico's Dirección Federal de Seguridad (Federal Security Directorate) from 1978 to 1982. He started his career working for the secret-police chief Fernando Gutiérrez B ...

, a LITEMPO-4 subordinate, known to be in contact with CIA station chief Winston M. Scott; Nazar Haro later became head of the DFS intelligence agency (1978–1982) * LILINK: Front company providing cover to CIA agents in Mexico City. * LIOVAL-1: CIA agent, posing as English teacher in Mexico City. * LICOWL-1: CIA agent, owner of a small business near the Soviet embassy in Mexico City. * LICOZY-1, LICOZY-3 and LICOZY-5: Anti-KGB double agents in Mexico City. * LICALLA: CIA surveillance posts for the Soviet embassy in Mexico City. * LIMBRACE: Security team for the CIA station in Mexico. * LISAMPAN: Operation "bugging" the Cuban embassy in Mexico City. * LICOBRA: Operation watching suspicious members of the ruling Mexican PRI party, the ministry of the exterior and other Mexican government officials. * LIFIRE: Operation gathering intelligence from Mexican air travel and acquiring travel manifests from international flights. * MHCHAOS: Surveillance of antiwar activists during the

Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...

. * Mike:

Asunción Mita Asunción Mita () is a town, with a population of 20,936 (2018),Citypopulation.de
Population of cities & tow ...

, Guatemala * MJTRUST/2:

Ali Hassan Salameh Ali Hassan Salameh ( ar, علي حسن سلامة, ; 1 April 1941 – 22 January 1979) was a Palestinian militant who was the chief of operations (code name Abu Hassan) for Black September and founder of Force 17. He was assassinated by Mossa ...

MKCHICKWIT Project MKCHICKWIT, or CHICKWIT was a covert program of the US Department of Defense operated in conjunction with the CIA. A partner program to MKSEARCH, the goal of MKCHICKWIT was to "identify new drug developments in Europe and Asia and to obtain ...

: Identify new drug developments in Europe and Asia and obtain samples, part of MKSEARCH. *

MKDELTA Project MKUltra (or MK-Ultra) was an illegal human experimentation program designed and undertaken by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), intended to develop procedures and identify drugs that could be used in interrogations to weak ...

: Operational arm of MKULTRA, subsequently became MKNAOMI. *

MKNAOMI MKNAOMI is the code name for a joint Department of Defense/CIA research program from the 1950s through to the 1970s. Unclassified information about the MKNAOMI program and the related Special Operations Division is scarce. It is generally reported ...

: Stockpiling of lethal biological and chemical agents, successor to MKDELTA. *

MKOFTEN Project MKOFTEN was a covert U.S. Department of Defense program developed in conjunction with the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) sometime in the late 1960s. A partner or descendant program of MKSEARCH, the goal of MKOFTEN was to "test the beha ...

: Testing effects of biological and chemical agents, part of MKSEARCH. *

MKSEARCH Project MKUltra (or MK-Ultra) was an illegal human experimentation program designed and undertaken by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), intended to develop procedures and identify drugs that could be used in interrogations to weak ...

: MKULTRA after 1964,

mind control Brainwashing (also known as mind control, menticide, coercive persuasion, thought control, thought reform, and forced re-education) is the concept that the human mind can be altered or controlled by certain psychological techniques. Brainwashin ...

research. *

MKULTRA Project MKUltra (or MK-Ultra) was an illegal human experimentation program designed and undertaken by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), intended to develop procedures and identify drugs that could be used in interrogations to weak ...

: covert funding mechanism for research and development of behavioral modification techniques. Renamed MKSEARCH in 1964. * MPBLOTCH – CIA-developed trace metals detection test during the

. * Nick:

Gualán Gualán is a town and municipality in the Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the no ...

, Guatemala * ODACID: U.S. Embassy,

United States Department of State The United States Department of State (DOS), or State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs of other n ...

U.S. embassy The United States has the second most Diplomatic mission, diplomatic missions of any country in the world List of diplomatic missions of China, after Mainland China, including 166 of the 193 member countries of the United Nations, as well as obse ...

* ODEARL:

United States Department of Defense The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government directly related to national secu ...

* ODENVY:

Federal Bureau of Investigation The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. Operating under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Justice, ...

* ODEUM: Gehlen Organization (1950–1951)Forging an Intelligence Partnership: CIA and the Origins of the BND, 1949–56
/ref> * ODOATH: United States Navy * ODOPAL:

Counterintelligence Corps The Counter Intelligence Corps (Army CIC) was a World War II and early Cold War intelligence agency within the United States Army consisting of highly trained special agents. Its role was taken over by the U.S. Army Intelligence Corps in 1961 and ...

, United States Army * ODUNIT:

United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army Signal ...

* ODURGE:

Immigration and Naturalization Service The United States Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) was an agency of the U.S. Department of Labor from 1933 to 1940 and the U.S. Department of Justice from 1940 to 2003. Referred to by some as former INS and by others as legacy INS, ...

* ODYOKE:

Federal government of the United States The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government or U.S. government) is the national government of the United States, a federal republic located primarily in North America, composed of 50 states, a city within a fede ...

* OFFSPRING: Gehlen Organization (1949–1950) * PANCHO: Carlos Castillo Armas * PBFORTUNE: CIA project to supply forces opposed to Guatemala's President Arbenz with weapons, supplies, and funding; predecessor to PBSUCCESS. * PBHISTORY: CIA project to gather and analyze documents from the Arbenz government in Guatemala that would incriminate Arbenz as a communist. * PBJOINTLY: Operation that built a tunnel from the American sector of Berlin, to the Russian sector. * PBCRUET: Psychological warfare radio broadcasts outside Ukraine * PBPRIME: United States * PBRUMEN: Cuba * PBS, PBSUCCESS: Central Intelligence Agency covert operation to overthrow Arbenz government in Guatemala * POCAPON:

Taketora Ogata was a Japanese journalist, Vice President of the Asahi Shimbun newspaper and later a politician. During the war, he joined the Imperial Rule Assistance Association. After the end of the war, he was purged from public service. Later, he became t ...

, Japanese politician in the 1950s. * PODAM:

Matsutarō Shōriki was a Japanese media mogul and politician. He owned the ''Yomiuri Shimbun'' newspaper, the main mouthpiece for the military dictatorship during the war, after the war it gained Japan’s highest readership while openly distributing nationalistic ...

, Japanese businessman and politician. * PYREX: Language units in WEMCA station * QJWIN: European assassin. Also described as an "assassin recruiter". * QKBROIL: Psychological warfare in Romania * QKCIGAR: United States Government * QKELUSION: West German Social Democratic Party (SPD) * QKFLOWAGE:

United States Information Agency The United States Information Agency (USIA), which operated from 1953 to 1999, was a United States agency devoted to "public diplomacy". In 1999, prior to the reorganization of intelligence agencies by President George W. Bush, President Bill C ...

QKENCHANT QKENCHANT was a Central Intelligence Agency project used to provide security approvals on non-Agency personnel and facilities. The project In a memorandum to Assassination Records Review Board, dated 18 September 1998, Central Intelligence Agenc ...

: CIA program associated with E. Howard Hunt (1918–2007), who with

G. Gordon Liddy George Gordon Battle Liddy (November 30, 1930 – March 30, 2021) was an American lawyer, FBI agent, talk show host, actor, and convicted felon in the Watergate scandal as the chief operative in the White House Plumbers unit during the Nixon admi ...

and others, was one of the White House's "plumbers"—a secret team of operatives charged with fixing "leaks". * QKFLOWAGE:

* QKHILLTOP: CIA program to study Chinese Communist brainwashing techniques and to develop interrogation techniques. * QRTENURE: Covert operation in New York City * QTGULL: CIA Polish agent

(also CKGULL) * RANTER: Psychological warfare radio broadcasts from Greece * RUFUS: Carlos Castillo Armas * SARANAC: training site in Nicaragua * SCRANTON: training base for radio operators near Nicaragua * SD/PLOD/1: deputy prime minister for the

Interim government of Iran The Interim Government of Iran ( fa, دولت موقت ايران, Dowlat-e Movaqat-e Irân) was the first government established in Iran after the Iranian Revolution. The regime was headed by Mehdi Bazargan, one of the members of the Freedom ...

Abbas Amir-Entezam Abbas Amir-Entezam ( fa, عباس امیرانتظام, 18 August 1932 – 12 July 2018) was an Iranian politician who served as deputy prime minister in the Interim Cabinet of Mehdi Bazargan in 1979. In 1981 he was sentenced to life imprisonmen ...

* SGUAT: CIA Station in Guatemala * SHELLAC: Clandestine radio station in Romania, part of QKBROIL * SHERWOOD: CIA radio broadcasting program based in Nicaragua begun on May 1, 1954 * SKILLET, Whiting Willauer, U.S. Ambassador to Honduras * SKIMMER, The "Group" CIA cover organization supporting Castillo Armas * SLINC, telegram indicator for PBSUCCESS Headquarters in Florida * STANDEL:

Jacobo Arbenz Jacobo is both a surname and a given name of Spanish origin. Based on the name Jacob. Notable people with the name include: Surname: * Alfredo Jacobo (born 1982), Olympic breaststroke swimmer from Mexico * Cesar Chavez Jacobo, Dominican profession ...

, President of Guatemala * STORMY:

LSD Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), also known colloquially as acid, is a potent psychedelic drug. Effects typically include intensified thoughts, emotions, and sensory perception. At sufficiently high dosages LSD manifests primarily mental, vi ...

Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), also known colloquially as acid, is a potent psychedelic drug. Effects typically include intensified thoughts, emotions, and sensory perception. At sufficiently high dosages LSD manifests primarily mental, vi ...

, psychedelic drug experiments on public. * SMOTH: UK

Secret Intelligence Service The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6 ( Military Intelligence, Section 6), is the foreign intelligence service of the United Kingdom, tasked mainly with the covert overseas collection and analysis of human intelligenc ...

(MI6) * SYNCARP: the "Junta", Castillo Armas' political organization headed by Córdova Cerna * TPBEDAMN: U.S. operation to counter communist subversion in Iran with propaganda and bribes. * TPAJAX: Overthrow of

Mohammed Mossadeq Mohammad Mosaddegh ( fa, محمد مصدق, ; 16 June 1882 – 5 March 1967) was an Iranian politician, author, and lawyer who served as the 35th Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 to 1953, after appointment by the 16th Majlis. He was a member of ...

, Prime Minister of

, in the 1953 Iranian coup orchestrated by a joint US/UK operation * TPCREDO:

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...

* TPROACH:

Yugoslavia Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...

* TPTONIC: National Committee for Free Europe (NCFE) * UNREST: Otto von Bolschwing * UPTHRUST:

Konrad Adenauer Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (; 5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a Germany, German statesman who served as the first Chancellor of Germany, chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1949 to 1963. From 1946 to 1966, he was the fir ...

* USAGE: Otto von Bolschwing * UTILITY:

Reinhard Gehlen Reinhard Gehlen (3 April 1902 – 8 June 1979) was a German lieutenant-general and intelligence officer. He was chief of the Wehrmacht Foreign Armies East military intelligence service on the eastern front during World War II, spymaster of the ...

, first president of the Bundesnachrichtendienst * WASHTUB: Operation to plant Soviet arms in Nicaragua * WEMCA: CIA communications station in Athens, Greece * WSBURNT: Guatemala * WSHOOFS: Honduras * ZIPPER: Gehlen Organization (1951–1956) * ZRRIFLE: An assassination plot targeting Fidel Castro

Operations and projects

* APPLE: Agent team seen in 1952 by CIA/OPC as best bet to successfully continue BGFIEND Project aimed to harass/overthrow Albanian communist regime. Team was arrested, communists controlled radio ops for 16 months, luring more agents into Albania in 1953, and trying and executing original agents in 1954 to suddenly end BGFIEND. *

ARTICHOKE The globe artichoke (''Cynara cardunculus'' var. ''scolymus'' ),Rottenberg, A., and D. Zohary, 1996: "The wild ancestry of the cultivated artichoke." Genet. Res. Crop Evol. 43, 53–58. also known by the names French artichoke and green articho ...

: Anti-interrogation project. Precursor to MKULTRA. * AZORIAN: Project to raise the

Soviet submarine K-129 Soviet submarine ''K-129'' may refer to one or both of the following submarines of the Soviet Navy: * , a (Project 629) diesel-electric ballistic missile submarine that sank in March 1968; partially salvaged by the United States Navy by ''Glomar ...

from the Pacific Ocean.Sharp 2012 * BGGYPSY: Communist. * BIRCH * BLACKSHIELD: A-12 aircraft reconnaissance missions off Okinawa.Smith 2003 * BLUEBIRD: mind control program * BOND: Puerto Barrios, Guatemala. * CATIDE:

Bundesnachrichtendienst The Federal Intelligence Service (German: ; , BND) is the foreign intelligence agency of Germany, directly subordinate to the Chancellor's Office. The BND headquarters is located in central Berlin and is the world's largest intelligence head ...

* CHARITY: Joint CIA/OSO-Italian Naval Intelligence information gathering operation against Albania (1948–1951). * CHERRY: Covert assassination / destabilization operation during Vietnam war, targeting Prince (later King)

Norodom Sihanouk Norodom Sihanouk (; km, នរោត្តម សីហនុ, ; 31 October 192215 October 2012) was a Cambodian statesman, Sangkum and FUNCINPEC politician, Norodom Sihanouk filmography, film director, and composer who led Cambodia in vari ...

and the government of Cambodia. Disbanded. * CKTAW: Wiretap operation in Moscow, Russia * DTFROGS: El Salvador * ESCOBILLA: Guatemalan national. * ESMERALDITE: Labor informant affiliated with

AFL AFL may refer to: Sports * American Football League (AFL), a name shared by several separate and unrelated professional American football leagues: ** American Football League (1926) (a.k.a. "AFL I"), first rival of the National Football Leagu ...

-sponsored labor movement. * ESQUIRE:

James Bamford James Bamford (born September 15, 1946) is an American author, journalist and documentary producer noted for his writing about United States intelligence agency, intelligence agencies, especially the National Security Agency (NSA). ''The New Y ...

, author of "The Puzzle Palace". * ESSENCE: Guatemalan anti-communist leader. * FDTRODPINT: Afghan tribal agents, formerly known as GESENIOR, reactivated in the 1990s by the CIA to hunt Mir Aimal Kasi and later

Osama bin Laden Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden (10 March 1957 – 2 May 2011) was a Saudi-born extremist militant who founded al-Qaeda and served as its leader from 1988 until Killing of Osama bin Laden, his death in 2011. Ideologically a Pan-Islamism ...

.Steve Coll, ''Ghost Wars'', p.372 * FIR * FUBELT: operation against

Salvador Allende Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (, , ; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 3 November 1970 until his death on 11 September 1973. He was the fir ...

in Chile * FJGROUND: Grafenwöhr, Germany paramilitary training ground. * FJHOPEFUL: Military base. * FPBERM: Yugoslavia * GESENIOR: Afghan tribal agents working with the CIA during the

Soviet–Afghan War The Soviet–Afghan War was a protracted armed conflict fought in the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan from 1979 to 1989. It saw extensive fighting between the Soviet Union and the Afghan mujahideen (alongside smaller groups of anti-Soviet ...

. Later called FDTRODPINT. * GPFLOOR:

Lee Harvey Oswald Lee Harvey Oswald (October 18, 1939 – November 24, 1963) was a U.S. Marine veteran who assassinated John F. Kennedy, the 35th president of the United States, on November 22, 1963. Oswald was placed in juvenile detention at the age of 12 fo ...

* GPIDEAL:

John F. Kennedy John Fitzgerald Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), often referred to by his initials JFK and the nickname Jack, was an American politician who served as the 35th president of the United States from 1961 until his assassination ...

, US president. * GRATTIC :

Pyotr Popov Pyotr Popov (russian: Пётр Попо́в, born 4 September 1985) is a Russian luger who has competed since 2002. A natural track luger, he won the silver medal in the men's doubles event at the 2007 FIL World Luge Natural Track C ...

, CIA Soviet agent * GUSTO: Project to design a follow-on to the Lockheed U-2 reconnaissance aircraft. Succeeded

RAINBOW A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc. Rainbows c ...

. Succeeded by OXCART.Pedlow & Welzenbach, p. 274. * HBFAIRY: France * HTCURIO: American or U.S. ot Government* IAFEATURE: Operation to support the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (

UNITA The National Union for the Total Independence of Angola ( pt, União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola, abbr. UNITA) is the second-largest political party in Angola. Founded in 1966, UNITA fought alongside the Popular Movement for ...

) and the

National Liberation Front of Angola The National Front for the Liberation of Angola ( pt, Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola; abbreviated FNLA) is a political party and former militant organisation that fought for Angolan independence from Portugal in the war of independenc ...

(FNLA) during the

Angolan civil war The Angolan Civil War ( pt, Guerra Civil Angolana) was a civil war in Angola, beginning in 1975 and continuing, with interludes, until 2002. The war immediately began after Angola became independent from Portugal in November 1975. The war was ...

. * IDIOM: Initial work by

Convair Convair, previously Consolidated Vultee, was an American aircraft manufacturing company that later expanded into rockets and spacecraft. The company was formed in 1943 by the merger of Consolidated Aircraft and Vultee Aircraft. In 1953, it ...

on a follow-on to the Lockheed U-2 reconnaissance aircraft. Later moved into GUSTO. * Project JBEDICT: Tripartite Stay-Behind project. * JENNIFER: Document control system for Project AZORIAN. * KEMPSTER: Project to reduce the

radar cross section Radar cross-section (RCS), also called radar signature, is a measure of how detectable an object is by radar. A larger RCS indicates that an object is more easily detected. An object reflects a limited amount of radar energy back to the source. ...

(RCS) of the inlets of the

Lockheed A-12 The Lockheed A-12 is a high-altitude, Mach 3+ reconnaissance aircraft built for the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) by Lockheed's Skunk Works, based on the designs of Clarence "Kelly" Johnson. The aircraft was designate ...

reconnaissance aircraft. * KMHYMNAL: Maine-built motor sailer JUANITA purchased by CIA to use as floating, clandestine, propaganda broadcast facility in Mediterranean/Adriatic (1950–53). * LEMON * LNWILT: US Counterintelligence Corps (CIC) * LPMEDLEY: Surveillance of telegraphic information exiting or entering the United States. * MAGPIE: US Army Labor Service Organization * MATADOR: Project to recover section of Soviet submarine K-129 dropped during Project AZORIAN. Cancelled after Soviet protest. *

MOCKINGBIRD Mockingbirds are a group of New World passerine birds from the family Mimidae. They are best known for the habit of some species mimicking the songs of other birds and the sounds of insects and amphibians, often loudly and in rapid succession. ...

: a wire tapping operation of two journalists in 1963 to determine the source of leaked information *

: "Primarily a relentless and escalating campaign of sabotage and small

Cuban exile A Cuban exile is a person who emigrated from Cuba in the Cuban exodus. Exiles have various differing experiences as emigrants depending on when they migrated during the exodus. Demographics Social class Cuban exiles would come from various eco ...

raids that would somehow cause the overthrow of Castro," which "also included plans for an invasion of Cuba in the fall of 1962". * OAK: Operation to assassinate suspected South Vietnamese collaborators during

Vietnam war The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...

. * PANCHO: Carlos Castillo Armas, President of Guatemala, also RUFUS. *

PAPERCLIP A paper clip (or paperclip) is a tool used to hold sheets of paper together, usually made of steel wire bent to a looped shape (though some are covered in plastic). Most paper clips are variations of the ''Gem'' type introduced in the 1890s or e ...

: US recruiting of German scientists after World War II. *

PHOENIX Phoenix most often refers to: * Phoenix (mythology), a legendary bird from ancient Greek folklore * Phoenix, Arizona, a city in the United States Phoenix may also refer to: Mythology Greek mythological figures * Phoenix (son of Amyntor), a ...

: Vietnam covert intelligence/assassination operation. * PINE *

: Project to reduce the

(RCS) of the Lockheed U-2 reconnaissance aircraft. Succeeded by GUSTO. * QKWAVER: Egypt * RUFUS: Carlos Castillo Armas, President of Guatemala, also PANCHO. * RYBAT: Secret * SARANAC: Training site in Nicaragua. * SCRANTON: Training base for radio operators near Nicaragua. * SGCIDER: Germany * SGUAT: CIA Station in Guatemala * SHERWOOD: CIA radio broadcast program in Nicaragua begun on May 1, 1954. * SKILLET: Whiting Willauer, U.S. Ambassador to Honduras. * SKIMMER: The "Group" CIA cover organization supporting

Castillo Armas Carlos Castillo Armas (; 4 November 191426 July 1957) was a Guatemalan military officer and politician who was the 28th president of Guatemala, serving from 1954 to 1957 after taking power in a coup d'état. A member of the right-wing Nation ...

. * SLINC: Telegram indicator for PBSUCCESS Headquarters in Florida. * STANDEL:

, President of Guatemala. *

STARGATE ''Stargate'' (often stylized in all caps) is a military science fiction media franchise based on the Stargate (film), film directed by Roland Emmerich, which he co-wrote with producer Dean Devlin. The franchise is based on the idea of an alien E ...

: Investigation of psychic phenomena. * STBAILEY: political action and propaganda part of STBARNUM * STBARNUM:

CIA Tibetan program The CIA Tibetan program was a nearly two decades long anti-Chinese covert operation focused on Tibet which consisted of "political action, propaganda, paramilitary and intelligence operations" based on Federal government of the United States, U. ...

(covert action in Tibet, 1950s onwards)Kenneth Conboy and James Morrison, ''The CIA's Secret War in Tibet'', Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2002, p. * STCIRCUS: aerial part of STBARNUM * STSPIN: Three

P-3A Orion The Lockheed P-3 Orion is a four-engined, turboprop anti-submarine and maritime surveillance aircraft developed for the United States Navy and introduced in the 1960s. Lockheed based it on the L-188 Electra commercial airliner.RAINBOW A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc. Rainbows c ...

* THROWOFF/2: Albanian ethnic agent/radio operator employed by Italian Navy Intelligence/CIA in several early Cold War covert operations against Albania. Was captured, operated radio under communist control to lure CIA agents to capture/death, tried in 1954, death sentence commuted, freed after 25 years. CIA paid his son $40,000 in 1996. * OPERATION TILT: The CIA's name for "an operation put together by John Martino, who was fronting for his boss Santo Trafficante and his roommate

Johnny Roselli John "Handsome Johnny" Roselli (born Filippo Sacco; July 4, 1905 – August 7, 1976), sometimes spelled Rosselli, was an influential mobster for the Chicago Outfit who helped that organization control Hollywood and the Las Vegas Strip. In the ear ...

". OPERATION TILT used "some of the same people working on the CIA-Mafia plots in the spring of 1963 ... ndinvolved sending a Cuban exile team into Cuba to retrieve Soviet technicians supposedly ready to defect and reveal the existence of Soviet missiles still on the island".Waldron & Hartmann 2005, p. 438 * TROPIC: Air operations flown over North Korea, China, and the Soviet Union by CAT pilots during the 1950s. * VALUABLE: British MI-run Albanian operations 1949 to 1953. * WASHTUB: Operation to plant Soviet arms in Nicaragua. * WBFISHY: UK's Foreign and Commonwealth Office * WSBURNT: Guatemala * WSHOOFS: Honduras * ZAPATA:

1961.

Notes

Bibliography

* Agee, Philip. 1975. ''Inside the Company: CIA Diary''. Stonehill Publishing , p. 48 * Carl, Leo D. 1990. ''The International Dictionary of Intelligence''. Mavin Books, p. 107 * * DPD Contracting Officer, ''Change of Project Funds Obligated under Contract No. SS-100''. CIA DPD-2827-59, 30 April 1959. * Helms, Richard and Hood, William. 2003. ''A Look Over My Shoulder: A Life in the Central Intelligence Agency''. Random House, pp. 378–379 * Pedlow, Gregory W. and Welzenbach, Donald E. 1992. ''The Central Intelligence Agency and Overhead Reconnaissance: The U-2 and OXCART Programs, 1954–1974''. CIA History Staff. * * Smith W. Thomas. 2003. '' Encyclopedia of the Central Intelligence Agency''. Checkmark Books * Stockwell, John. 1978. ''In Search of Enemies'' * Waldron, Lamar and Hartmann, Thom. 2009. ''Legacy of Secrecy: The Long Shadow of the JFK Assassination''. Counterpoint (LS) * Waldron, Lamar and Hartmann, Thom. 2005. ''Ultimate Sacrifice: John and Robert Kennedy, the Plan for a Coup in Cuba, and the Murder of JFK'' Carroll & Graf Publishers (US) * Wallace, Robert and H. Keith Melton. 2008. ''Spycraft: The Secret History of the CIA's Spytechs from Communism to Al-Qaeda''. Dutton. * Weiner, Tim. 2008. ''Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA''.

Anchor Books Vintage Books is a trade paperback publishing imprint of Penguin Random House originally established by Alfred A. Knopf in 1954. The company was purchased by Random House in April 1960, and a British division was set up in 1990. After Random Hous ...

. * Wise, David. 1992. ''Molehunt''. Random House, p. 19.

External links

CIA Cryptonyms
at Mary Ferrell Foundation
Research Aid: Cryptonyms and Terms in Declassified CIA Files
by the Assassination Records Review Board (ARRB) Code names Military terminology of the United States