''Cynanchum'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of about 300

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

including some

swallowwort Swallowwort or swallow-wort is a common name for several plants and plant families. The term may be a description of poisonous effects, or indicate that a plant was formerly used medicinally for tonsillitis. It may refer to: * Any of several vine ...

s, belonging to the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (from ''Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane family, because some taxa were used as dog poison Members of the ...

. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is dog-strangling vine. Most

are non-

succulent In botany, succulent plants, also known as succulents, are plants with parts that are thickened, fleshy, and engorged, usually to retain water in arid climates or soil conditions. The word ''succulent'' comes from the Latin word ''sucus'', meani ...

climbers or twiners. There is some evidence of

toxicity Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a subst ...

Morphology

These plants are perennial herbs or subshrubs, often growing from

rhizome In botany and dendrology, a rhizome (; , ) is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow hori ...

s. The leaves are usually oppositely arranged and sometimes are borne on petioles. The

inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed o ...

s and flowers come in a variety of shapes. Like other species of the milkweed family, these plants bear follicles, which are podlike dry fruits.

Distribution

These species are found throughout the

tropics The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...

and

subtropics The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical and climate zones to the north and south of the tropics. Geographically part of the temperate zones of both hemispheres, they cover the middle latitudes from to approximately 35° north and ...

. Several species also grow in

temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout t ...

regions.

Importance

The root of ''

Cynanchum atratum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

'' is used in Chinese traditional medicine and called ''Bai wei''. Several other species had traditional Chinese medicinal uses. ''

Cynanchum louiseae ''Vincetoxicum nigrum'', a species in the family Apocynaceae, also known as black swallow-wort, Louise's swallow-wort, or black dog-strangling vine, is a species of plant that is native to Europe and is found primarily in Italy, France, Portugal, ...

'' (black swallowwort) and ''

Cynanchum rossicum ''Vincetoxicum rossicum'' is a flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is a perennial herb native to southern Europe and is a highly invasive plant growing in all of the Eastern United States, in the mid west, and southern Ontario and Quebe ...

'' (pale swallowwort) are troublesome

noxious weed A noxious weed, harmful weed or injurious weed is a weed that has been designated by an agricultural or other governing authority as a plant that is injurious to agricultural or horticultural crops, natural habitats or ecosystems, or humans or liv ...

s in parts of North America.

Classification

''Cynanchum'' as defined in the late 20th century (to include about 400 species) is polyphyletic and is being broken up. Species are being moved to genera including ''

Orthosia ''Orthosia'' is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea because man ...

'', ''

Pentarrhinum ''Pentarrhinum'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1838. It is native to Africa.Gibbs Russell, G. E., W. G. M. Welman, E. Retief, K. L. Immelman, G. Germishuizen, B. J. Pienaar, M. Van Wyk & A. Nichola ...

'', and ''

Vincetoxicum ''Vincetoxicum'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae. Although the species in ''Vincetoxicum'' have sometimes been included in ''Cynanchum'', chemical and molecular evidence shows that ''Vincetoxicum'' is more closely related to ''Tylo ...

'', with a group of mostly Old World species staying in ''Cynanchum'', and old genera such as '' Raphistemma'' brought to synonymy.

Species

Species include: * ''

Cynanchum absconditum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede * ''

Cynanchum abyssinicum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

Decne. Joseph Decaisne (7 March 1807 – 8 January 1882) was a French botanist and agronomist. He became an ''aide-naturaliste'' to Adrien-Henri de Jussieu (1797-1853), who served as the chair of rural botany. It was during this time that he began to stu ...

* ''

Cynanchum acidum ''Cynanchum acidum'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae, typically found in the arid parts of peninsular India where it is used in religious sacrifices. The plant is religiously linked to Hinduism and is believed to be a m ...

'' ( Roxb.) Oken * '' Cynanchum aculeatum'' (Desc.) Liede & Meve * ''

Cynanchum acuminatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

Humb. Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt (14 September 17696 May 1859) was a German polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer, and proponent of Romantic philosophy and science. He was the younger brother of the Prussian minister, p ...

& Bonpl. ex

Schult. Josef (Joseph) August Schultes (15 April 1773 in Vienna – 21 April 1831 in Landshut) was an Austrian botanist and professor from Vienna. Together with Johann Jacob Roemer (1763–1819), he published the 16th edition of Linnaeus' ''Systema ...

* ''

Cynanchum acutum ''Cynanchum acutum'' is a species of climbing vine swallowworts native to Europe, Africa, and Asia. Taxonomy Two subspecies are often distinguished: * ''Cynanchum acutum'' subsp. ''acutum'', Europe, Africa, western Asia * ''Cynanchum acutum'' su ...

'' L. * '' Cynanchum adalinae'' (

K.Schum. Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist. Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deut ...

)

* ''

Cynanchum africanum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' ( L.)

Hoffmanns. Johann Centurius Hoffmann Graf von Hoffmannsegg (23 August 1766 – 13 December 1849) was a German botanist, entomologist and ornithologist. Hoffmannsegg was born at Rammenau and studied at Leipzig and Göttingen. He travelled through Euro ...

* '' Cynanchum alatum''

Wight A wight (Old English: ''wiht'') is a mythical sentient being, often undead. In its original use the word ''wight'' described a living human being, but has come to be used in fictional works in the fantasy genre to describe certain immortal bein ...

Arn. George Arnott Walker Arnott of Arlary (6 February 1799 – 17 April 1868) was a Scottish botanist. Early life George Arnott Walker Arnott was born in Edinburgh in 1799, the son of David Walker Arnott of Arlary. He attended Milnathort Parish ...

* ''

Cynanchum alternilobum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li) Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum altiscandens''

* '' Cynanchum ambovombense'' (Liede) Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum ampanihense'' Jum. & H.Perrier * ''

Cynanchum analamazaotrense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Choux * '' Cynanchum anderssonii'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum andringitrense'' Choux * '' Cynanchum angavokeliense'' Choux * '' Cynanchum annularium'' ( Roxb.) Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum ansamalense'' Liede * ''

Cynanchum anthonyanum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

Hand.-Mazz. Heinrich Raphael Eduard Freiherr von Handel-Mazzetti (19 February 1882 in Vienna – 1 February 1940) was an Austrian botanist best known for his many publications on the flora of China and botanical explorations of that country. He was the cousi ...

* ''

Cynanchum antsiranense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

'' (Meve & Liede) Liede & Meve * ''

Cynanchum appendiculatopsis ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede * ''

Cynanchum appendiculatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Choux * '' Cynanchum arabicum'' ( Bruyns &

P.I.Forst. Paul Irwin Forster (born 1961) is an Australian botanist. He obtained his doctorate from the University of Queensland in 2004 with his thesis ''The pursuit of plants : studies on the systematics, ecology and chemistry of the vascular flora of A ...

) Meve & Liede * ''

Cynanchum arenarium ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Jum. & H.Perrier * '' Cynanchum areysianum'' ( Bruyns) Meve & Liede * ''

Cynanchum auriculatum ''Vincetoxicum auriculatum'', synonym ''Cynanchum auriculatum'', is a species of climbing vine. Its Chinese name is ''niu pi xiao'' 牛皮消 (leather eater). ''V. auriculatum'' flowers between June and August; fruiting from August all the ...

'' * '' Cynanchum arizonicum'' – Arizona swallow-wort or Arizona climbing milkweed * '' Cynanchum balense'' Liede * ''

Cynanchum baronii ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Choux * '' Cynanchum batangense'' P.T.Li * ''

Cynanchum beatricis ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum bernardii'' Morillo * ''

Cynanchum bicampanulatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li * ''

Cynanchum bisinuatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Jum. & H.Perrier * ''

Cynanchum blandum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (

) Sundell * ''

Cynanchum blyttioides ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede * ''

Cynanchum bojerianum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (

) Choux * ''

Cynanchum bosseri ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede * '' Cynanchum boudieri'' H.Lév. & Vaniot * '' Cynanchum boveanum''

* '' Cynanchum bowmanii''

S.T.Blake Stanley Thatcher Blake (1910 – 24 February 1973) was an Australian botanist who served as president of the Royal Society of Queensland and who was associated with the Queensland Herbarium beginning in 1945 until his death. Background Prior to ...

* '' Cynanchum brasiliense'' ( Morillo) Liede * ''

Cynanchum brevicoronatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li * '' Cynanchum brevipedicellatum'' (

) Liede & Meve * ''

Cynanchum bricenoi ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Morillo * ''

Cynanchum bungei ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

* '' Cynanchum callialatum'' Buch.-Ham. ex

* ''

Cynanchum carautanum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (Fontella & E.A.Schwarz) Morillo * ( Miq.)

Maxim. Carl Johann Maximovich (also Karl Ivanovich Maximovich, Russian: Карл Иванович Максимович; 23 November 1827 in Tula, Russia – 16 February 1891 in Saint Petersburg) was a Russian botanist. Maximovich spent most of his lif ...

* '' Cynanchum caudigerum'' R.W.Holm * '' Cynanchum celebicum''

Schltr. Friedrich Richard Rudolf Schlechter (16 October 1872 – 16 November 1925) was a German taxonomist, botanist, and author of several works on orchids. He went on botanical expeditions in Africa, Indonesia, New Guinea, South and Central America a ...

* ''

Cynanchum chanchanense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum chinense'' R.Br. * '' Cynanchum chouxii'' Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum comorense'' Choux * '' Cynanchum compactum'' Choux * '' Cynanchum corymbosum''

* ''

Cynanchum crassiantherae ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede * ''

Cynanchum crassipedicellatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Meve & Liede * ''

Cynanchum cristalinense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum cuatrecasasii'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum cubense'' (

A.Rich. Achille Richard was a French botanist, botanical illustrator and physician (27 April 1794 in Paris – 5 October 1852). Biography Achille was the son of the botanist Louis-Claude Marie Richard (1754–1821). He was a pharmacist in the Frenc ...

) Woodson * ''

Cynanchum cucullatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

N.E.Br. Nicholas Edward Brown (11 July 1849 in Redhill, Surrey – 25 November 1934 in Kew Gardens, London) was an English plant taxonomist and authority on succulents. He was also an authority on several families of plants, including Asclepiadacea ...

* '' Cynanchum cyathiforme'' (Sundell) W.D.Stevens * '' Cynanchum dalhousiae''

* '' Cynanchum daltonii'' (

) Liede & Meve * ''

Cynanchum danguyanum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Choux * '' Cynanchum decaryi'' Choux * ''

Cynanchum decipiens ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' C.K.Schneid. * ''

Cynanchum decorsei ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' ( Costantin & Gallaud) Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum defilippii'' Delponte * '' Cynanchum descoingsii''

Rauh Werner Rauh (16 May 1913 in Niemegk (district Bitterfeld), Niemegk – 7 April 2000 in Heidelberg) was an internationally renowned German biologist, botanist and author. Biography Born in the town of Niemegk (district Bitterfeld), Niemegk near Bit ...

* ''

Cynanchum diazmirandae ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum dimidiatum'' (Hassk.) Boerl. * ''

Cynanchum dombeyanum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (

) Morillo * '' Cynanchum duclouxii'' M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li * ''

Cynanchum elachistemmoides ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (Liede & Meve) Liede & Meve * ''

Cynanchum elegans ''Cynanchum elegans'', the white-flowered wax plant, is a plant species in the genus ''Cynanchum'' found in New South Wales in Australia. It is a threatened species. It was first described by George Bentham in 1868 as ''Vincetoxicum elegans'', f ...

'' (

Benth. George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studie ...

)

Domin Karel Domin (4 May 1882, Kutná Hora, Kingdom of Bohemia – 10 June 1953, Prague) was a Czech botanist and politician. After gymnasium school studies in Příbram, he studied botany at the Charles University in Prague, and graduated in 1906 ...

* ''

Cynanchum ellipticum ''Cynanchum ellipticum'' is a South African climbing plant of the family Apocynaceae, with slender stems and branches, exuding milky, bitter latex that is non-irritant. It occurs in coastal scrub from Cape Town as far north as Mozambique and fur ...

'' ( Harv.) R.A.Dyer * '' Cynanchum erikseniae'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum erythranthum'' Jum. & H.Perrier * ''

Cynanchum ethiopicum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum eurychitoides'' (

)

* '' Cynanchum eurychiton'' (

)

* ''

Cynanchum falcatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

Hutch. John Hutchinson, Officer of the Order of the British Empire, OBE, Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (7 April 1884 Blindburn, Northumberland – 2 September 1972 London) was an English botanist, taxonomist and author.''A Botanist in Southern Afric ...

& E.A.Bruce * ''

Cynanchum fasciculiflorum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum fernandezii'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum fimbricoronum'' P.T.Li * ''

Cynanchum floribundum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' R.Br. * '' Cynanchum floriferum'' Liede & Meve * ''

Cynanchum foetidum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' ( Cav.) Kunth * '' Cynanchum folotsioides'' Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum forskaolianum'' Meve & Liede * '' Cynanchum fragrans'' (

Wall. Nathaniel Wolff Wallich FRS FRSE (28 January 1786 – 28 April 1854) was a surgeon and botanist of Danish origin who worked in India, initially in the Danish settlement near Calcutta and later for the Danish East India Company and the British ...

) Liede & Khanum * ''

Cynanchum gentryi ''Cynanchum gentryi'' is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is equatorial moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and ha ...

'' ( Morillo) Liede * ''

Cynanchum gerrardii ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' ( Harv.) Liede * '' Cynanchum gilbertii'' Liede * '' Cynanchum giraldii''

* ''

Cynanchum glomeratum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Bosser * ''

Cynanchum gobicum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Grubov * ''

Cynanchum goertsianum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Morillo * ''

Cynanchum gonoloboides ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

* '' Cynanchum gracillimum''

* ''

Cynanchum graminiforme ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede * ''

Cynanchum grandidieri ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

'' Liede & Meve * ''

Cynanchum graphistemmatoides ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum guatemalense'' Dugand * '' Cynanchum guehoi'' Bosser * '' Cynanchum hardyi'' Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum hastifolium''

* '' Cynanchum haughtii'' Woodson * ''

Cynanchum hemsleyanum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (

Oliv. Daniel Oliver, FRS (6 February 1830, Newcastle upon Tyne – 21 December 1916) was an English botanist. He was Librarian of the Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew from 1860–1890 and Keeper there from 1864–1890, and Professor of Botany at ...

) Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum heteromorphum'' Vatke * '' Cynanchum heydei''

Hook.f. Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of t ...

* ''

Cynanchum hickenii ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

Malme Malme or Malmefjorden is a village at the end of the Malmefjorden (an arm of the Frænfjorden) in Hustadvika Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located southeast of the municipal center of Elnesvågen and about south ...

* '' Cynanchum hoedimeerium'' Bakh.f. * ''

Cynanchum hooperianum ''Cynanchum hooperianum'' is an Asian species of liana in the family Apocynaceae. Its known distribution includes: Guangxi, Indochina, Java and Sulawesi.Blume) Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum humbert-capuronii'' Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum implicatum'' ( Jum. & H.Perrier) Jum. & H.Perrier * '' Cynanchum insigne'' (

) Liede & Meve * ''

Cynanchum insipidum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (

E.Mey. Ernst Heinrich Friedrich Meyer (1 January 1791 – 7 August 1858) was a German botanist and botanical historian. Born in Hanover, he lectured in Göttingen and in 1826 became a professor of botany at the University of Königsberg, as well as Dir ...

) Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum insulanum''( Hance)

Hemsl. William Botting Hemsley (29 December 1843, in East Hoathly – 7 October 1924, in Kent) was an English botanist and 1909 Victoria Medal (horticulture), Victoria Medal of Honour recipient. He was born in East Hoathly, Sussex and in 1860 started wo ...

* ''

Cynanchum itremense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede * ''

Cynanchum jaliscanum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (

Vail Vail is a home rule municipality in Eagle County, Colorado, United States. The population of the town was 4,835 in 2020. Home to Vail Ski Resort, the largest ski mountain in Colorado, the town is known for its hotels, dining, and for the numero ...

) Woodson * '' Cynanchum jaramilloi'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum juliani-marnieri'' Desc. * ''

Cynanchum jumellei ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Choux * ''

Cynanchum junciforme ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

'' (Decne.) Liede * ''

Cynanchum kaschgaricum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Y.X.Liou * ''

Cynanchum kingdonwardii ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li * ''

Cynanchum kintungense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

'' Tsiang * '' Cynanchum kwangsiense'' Tsiang & H.D.Zhang * ''

Cynanchum laeve ''Cynanchum laeve'' is a vining perennial herb native to eastern and central U.S. states and Ontario. Common names include sand vine, honeyvine, honeyvine milkweed, bluevine milkweed, climbing milkweed, and smooth swallow-wort. The root system o ...

'' - honeyvine * '' Cynanchum lanhsuense'' T.Yamaz. * '' Cynanchum lecomtei'' Choux * '' Cynanchum ledermannii''

* '' Cynanchum leptolepis'' (

)

* '' Cynanchum leptostephanum''

Diels Diels is the last name of several people: * Rudolf Diels (1900–1957), German politician * Otto Diels (1876–1954), German scientist noted for his work on the Diels–Alder reaction * Ludwig Diels (1874–1945), German botanist * Hermann Diels ...

* '' Cynanchum leucophellum''

* ''

Cynanchum lineare ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

* '' Cynanchum liukiuense''

Warb. Otto Warburg (20 July 1859 – 10 January 1938) was a German-Jewish botanist. He was also a notable industrial agriculture expert, and president of the Zionist Organization from 1911 to 1921. Biography Otto Warburg was born in Hamburg on 20 ...

* '' Cynanchum loheri''

* '' Cynanchum longipedunculatum'' M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li * '' Cynanchum longipes''

* ''

Cynanchum longirostrum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (

) W.D.Stevens * ''

Cynanchum lopezpalaciosii ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

'' Morillo * ''

Cynanchum luteifluens ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' ( Jum. & H.Perrier) Desc. * ''

Cynanchum lysimachioides ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li * ''

Cynanchum maasii ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum macranthum'' Jum. & H.Perrier * '' Cynanchum macrolobum'' Jum. & H.Perrier * '' Cynanchum madagascariense''

* '' Cynanchum magale'' Buch.-Ham. ex Dillwyn * '' Cynanchum mahafalense'' Jum. & H.Perrier * ''

Cynanchum mariense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (Meve & Liede) Liede & Meve * ''

Cynanchum mariquitense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

'' Mutis * '' Cynanchum marnieranum''

* '' Cynanchum masoalense'' Choux * '' Cynanchum maximoviczii'' Pobed. * '' Cynanchum megalanthum'' M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li * ''

Cynanchum membranaceum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (Liede & Meve) Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum menarandrense'' Jum. & H.Perrier * ''

Cynanchum mevei ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede * '' Cynanchum meyeri'' (Decne.)

* ''

Cynanchum microstemma ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (

Turcz. Nikolai Stepanovich Turczaninow ( ru , Николай Степанович Турчанинов, 1796 in Nikitovka, now in Krasnogvardeysky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia – 1863 in Kharkov) was a Russian botanist and plant collector who ...

) Morillo * ''

Cynanchum minahassae ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

* '' Cynanchum montevidense''

Spreng. Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel (3 August 1766 – 15 March 1833) was a German botanist and physician who published an influential multivolume history of medicine, ''Versuch einer pragmatischen Geschichte der Arzneikunde'' (1792–99 in four vo ...

* ''

Cynanchum moramangense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Choux * '' Cynanchum moratii'' Liede * '' Cynanchum morilloi'' P.T.Li * ''

Cynanchum mossambicense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

* ''

Cynanchum muricatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' ( Blume) Boerl. * '' Cynanchum napiferum'' Choux * ''

Cynanchum natalitium ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

* '' Cynanchum nematostemma'' Liede * '' Cynanchum nielsenii'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum obovatum'' (Decne.) Choux * '' Cynanchum obtusifolium'' L.f. * '' Cynanchum officinale'' (

) Tsiang & H.D.Zhang * '' Cynanchum orangeanum'' (

)

* '' Cynanchum oresbium'' ( Bruyns) Goyder * '' Cynanchum otophyllum'' C.K.Schneid. * '' Cynanchum ovalifolium''

* '' Cynanchum pachycladon'' Choux * '' Cynanchum pamirense'' Tsiang & H.D.Zhang * '' Cynanchum papillatum'' Choux * '' Cynanchum paramorum'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum pearsonianum'' Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum pedunculatum'' R.Br. * '' Cynanchum peraffine'' Woodson * '' Cynanchum perrieri'' Choux * '' Cynanchum petignatii'' Liede &

* ''

Cynanchum phillipsonianum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Liede & Meve * ''

Cynanchum physocarpum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

* '' Cynanchum pichi-sermollianum'' (Raimondo & Fici) Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum pietrangelii'' Morillo * ''

Cynanchum polyanthum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

* '' Cynanchum praecox''

ex S.Moore * '' Cynanchum prevostii'' Morillo * ''

Cynanchum puberulum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

F.Muell. Baron Sir Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von Mueller, (german: Müller; 30 June 1825 – 10 October 1896) was a German-Australian physician, geographer, and most notably, a botanist. He was appointed government botanist for the then colony of Victo ...

* ''

Cynanchum pulchellum ''Cynanchum pulchellum'' is an Asian species of liana in the family Apocynaceae. Its known distribution includes: Guangxi, Thailand, India, Nepal, Sikkim, Laos, Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar and Vietnam.Wall. Nathaniel Wolff Wallich FRS FRSE (28 January 1786 – 28 April 1854) was a surgeon and botanist of Danish origin who worked in India, initially in the Danish settlement near Calcutta and later for the Danish East India Company and the British ...

) Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum purpureiflorum'' Morillo * '' Cynanchum purpureum'' ( Pall.)

* '' Cynanchum pusilum'' Grubov * '' Cynanchum pycnoneuroides'' Choux * '' Cynanchum racemosum'' (

Jacq. Nikolaus Joseph Freiherr von Jacquin (16 February 172726 October 1817) was a scientist who studied medicine, chemistry and botany. Biography Born in Leiden in the Netherlands, he studied medicine at Leiden University, then moved first to Par ...

)

* '' Cynanchum radians'' ( Forssk.) Lam. * '' Cynanchum radiatum'' Jum. & H.Perrier * '' Cynanchum rauhianum'' Desc. * '' Cynanchum rensonii'' ( Pittier) Woodson * '' Cynanchum repandum'' (Decne.)

* ''

Cynanchum resiliens ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (B.R.Adams & R.W.K.Holland) Goyder * ''

Cynanchum revoilii ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' ( Franch.) Khanum & Liede * ''

Cynanchum riometense ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Sundell * '' Cynanchum rioparanense'' Sundell * '' Cynanchum rossii''

* (

) Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum roulinioides'' ( E.Fourn.) Rapini * '' Cynanchum rubricoronae'' Liede * '' Cynanchum rungweense'' Bullock * '' Cynanchum sahyadricum'' (Ansari & Hemadri) Liede & Khanum * '' Cynanchum sarcomedium'' Meve & Liede * '' Cynanchum schistoglossum''

* ''

Cynanchum scopulosum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Bosser * ''

Cynanchum sessiliflorum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (Decne.) Liede * ''

Cynanchum sigridiae ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' Meve & M.Teissier * '' Cynanchum sinoracemosum'' M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li * ''

Cynanchum socotranum ''Cynanchum socotranum'', synonym ''Sarcostemma socotranum'', is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is endemic to Socotra Island, south of Yemen. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland Shrubland, scrubland ...

'' ( Lavranos) Meve & Liede * '' Cynanchum somaliense'' (

)

* ''

Cynanchum staubii ''Cynanchum staubii'' (endemic common name: ''liane calle'') is a rare coastal plant from the subfamily Asclepiadoideae within in the family Apocynaceae. It is endemic to the Îlot Fourneau and the Ile aux Aigrettes, two islets off the coast of ...

'' Bosser * '' Cynanchum stauntonii'' * '' Cynanchum stenospira''

* '' Cynanchum stoloniferum'' (B.R.Adams & R.W.K.Holland) Goyder * '' Cynanchum subpaniculatum'' Woodson * '' Cynanchum subtilis'' Liede * '' Cynanchum suluense''

* '' Cynanchum sumbawanum''

* '' Cynanchum surrubriflorum'' W.D.Stevens * '' Cynanchum szechuanense'' Tsiang & H.D.Zhang * '' Cynanchum tamense'' Morillo * ''

Cynanchum thruppii ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (

) Khanum & Liede * '' Cynanchum toliari'' Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum trollii'' Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum tsaratananense'' Choux * ''

Cynanchum tuberculatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' ( Blume) Boerl. * ''

Cynanchum tunicatum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

'' ( Retz.) Alston * '' Cynanchum umtalense'' Liede * '' Cynanchum unguiculatum'' ( Britton)

Markgr. Friedrich Markgraf (1 February 1897 in Berlin-Friedenau – 8 March 1987 in Zurich) was a German botanist. Life and work After secondary school, Markgraf studied biology at the Friedrich Wilhelm University Berlin. In 1922 he was awarded a ...

* '' Cynanchum utahense'' – Utah swallow-wort or Utah vine milkweed * ''

Cynanchum vanlessenii ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' ( Lavranos) Goyder * '' Cynanchum verrucosum'' (Desc.) Liede & Meve * '' Cynanchum viminale'' ( L.) L. * '' Cynanchum violator'' R.W.Holm * '' Cynanchum virens'' (

) D.Dietr. * '' Cynanchum wallichii''

* '' Cynanchum warburgii''

* ''

Cynanchum wilfordii ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

'' (

)

* ''

Cynanchum zeyheri ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is d ...

References

External links

''Cynanchum'' at Flora of China
{{Taxonbar, from=Q285262 Apocynaceae genera