Cylindroleberididae is a

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

ostracod Ostracods, or ostracodes, are a class of the Crustacea (class Ostracoda), sometimes known as seed shrimp. Some 70,000 species (only 13,000 of which are extant) have been identified, grouped into several orders. They are small crustaceans, typic ...

s that shows remarkable morphological diversity. The defining feature is the possession of gills: 7–8 leaf-like pairs at the posterior of the body. Other features common to all species in the family include a "baleen-comb" on both the

maxilla The maxilla (plural: ''maxillae'' ) in vertebrates is the upper fixed (not fixed in Neopterygii) bone of the jaw formed from the fusion of two maxillary bones. In humans, the upper jaw includes the hard palate in the front of the mouth. The t ...

and the fifth limb, a sword-shaped coxal endite on the mandible, and the triaenid bristles on the basal endites of the

mandible In anatomy, the mandible, lower jaw or jawbone is the largest, strongest and lowest bone in the human facial skeleton. It forms the lower jaw and holds the lower tooth, teeth in place. The mandible sits beneath the maxilla. It is the only movabl ...

. Species of the Cylindroleberididae are found in marine areas, from shallow waters to depths of more than . Most species are approximately long. In 2006, there were 219 described species. A

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...

discovered in 2003 with preserved soft parts has been assigned to the Cylindroleberididae. The fossil appears to have

gill A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...

s and is thought to date from .

Subtaxa

Cylindroleberididae contains the following subfamilies and genera. * Asteropteroninae Kornicker, 1981 **'' Actinoseta'' Kornicker, 1958 **'' Asteropteron'' Skogsberg, 1920 **'' Asteropterygion'' Kornicker, 1981 **'' Microasteropteron'' Poulsen, 1965 **'' Omegasterope'' Kornicker, 1981 **'' Pteromeniscus'' Kornicker, 1981 **†'' Siveterella'' Kornicker & Sohn, 2000 **†'' Triadocypris'' Weitschat, 1983 **†'' Triadogigantocypris'' Monostori, 1991 **'' Asteropella'' Poulsen, 1965 (nomen nudum) * Cyclasteropinae Poulsen, 1965 **'' Alphaleberis'' Kornicker, 1981 **'' Amboleberis'' Kornicker, 1981 **'' Cyclasterope'' Brady, 1897 **'' Cycloleberis'' Skogsberg, 1920 **†'' Eocypridina'' Kesling & Ploch, 1960 **'' Leuroleberis'' Kornicker, 1981 **†'' Mesoleberis'' Kornicker, van bakel, Fraaije & Jagt, 2006 **†'' Radiicypridina'' Bless, 1973 **'' Tetraleberis'' Kornicker, 1981 * Cylindroleberidinae Müller, 1906 **'' Archasterope'' Poulsen, 1965 **†'' Asteropina'' Strand, 1928 **'' Bathyleberis'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Bruuniella'' Poulsen, 1965 **'' Cylindroleberis'' Brady, 1867 **'' Diasterope'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Dolasterope'' Poulsen, 1965 **'' Domromeus'' Kornicker, 1989 **'' Empoulsenia'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Heptonema'' Poulsen, 1965 **'' Homasterope'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Monasterope'' Kornicker, 1991 **'' Parasterope'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Philippiella'' Poulsen, 1965 **'' Polyleberis'' Kornicker, 1974 **'' Postasterope'' Kornicker, 1986 **'' Prionotoleberis'' Kornicker, 1974 **'' Skogsbergiella'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Synasterope'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Xandarasterope'' Kornicker in Kornicker & Poore, 1996 **'' Xenoleberis'' Kornicker, 1994 * Macroasteropteroninae Karanovic & Lörz, 2012 **'' Macroasteropteron'' Kornicker, 1994 *genera

incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...

**†'' Colymbosathon'' Siveter, Sutton, Briggs & Siveter, 2003 **†'' Juraleberis'' Vannier & Siveter, 1995 **†'' Nasunaris'' Siveter, Briggs, Siveter & Sutton, 2010 **†'' Pauline'' Siveter, Briggs, Siveter, Sutton & Joomun, 2012

References

External links

*
Interactive key to species
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1707797 Myodocopida Ostracod families Extant Silurian first appearances