Csongrád ( Hungarian: ''Csongrád'', Serbian: ''Čongrad'' or ''Чонград'') was an administrative county (

comitatus ''Comitatus'' was in ancient times the Latin term for an armed escort or retinue. The term is used especially in the context of Germanic warrior culture for a warband tied to a leader by an oath of fealty and describes the relations between a lor ...

) of the

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...

. Its territory, which was smaller than that of present-day

Csongrád-Csanád County Csongrád-Csanád ( hu, Csongrád-Csanád megye ) is the name of an administrative county (comitatus or ''megye'') in southern Hungary, straddling the river Tisza, on the border with Serbia and Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian count ...

, is now part of

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...

, except a very small area which belongs to

Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...

. The capital of the county was

Szentes Szentes is a town in south-eastern Hungary, Csongrád county, near the Tisza river. The town is a cultural and educational center of the region. Notable people * Árpád Balázs (born 1937), classical music composer * János Bácskai 1954. novembe ...

Name

The name Csongrád/Čongrad is Slavic by origin. In

Slavic languages The Slavic languages, also known as the Slavonic languages, are Indo-European languages spoken primarily by the Slavic peoples and their descendants. They are thought to descend from a proto-language called Proto-Slavic, spoken during the Ear ...

, this name means "a black city" (čon/čorni = black, grad = city/town). Indeed, the county was named after a town of

Csongrád Csongrád ( ro, Ciongrad; tr, Conğrad sr, Чонград, Čongrad, archaically also ''Црноград/Crnograd'') is a town in Csongrád County in southern Hungary. History At the time of the Hungarian Conquest (the end of 9th century) the ...

Geography

Csongrád county shared borders with the Hungarian counties

Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun is the name of an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in central Hungary, comprising the territory of the present Hungarian county Pest and the northern part of present Bács-K ...

, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, Békés,

Csanád Csanád, also Chanadinus, or Cenad, was the first head ''(comes)'' of Csanád County in the Kingdom of Hungary in the first decades of the 11th century. Csanád defeated and killed Ajtony who had ruled over the region now known as Banat (in Rom ...

, Torontál and Bács-Bodrog. The river

Tisza The Tisza, Tysa or Tisa, is one of the major rivers of Central and Eastern Europe. Once, it was called "the most Hungarian river" because it flowed entirely within the Kingdom of Hungary. Today, it crosses several national borders. The Tisza be ...

flowed through the county. Its area was 3,544 km² around 1910.

History

Csongrád county arose in the 11th century as one of the first counties of the Kingdom of Hungary. It was taken by the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

in the 16th century, and reconquered by the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary at the end of the 17th century. In 1920, the

Treaty of Trianon The Treaty of Trianon (french: Traité de Trianon, hu, Trianoni békeszerződés, it, Trattato del Trianon) was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference and was signed in the Grand Trianon château in ...

assigned a small part of the territory of the county - a small area around Horgos (now

Horgoš Horgoš ( sr, Хоргош, Horgoš; hu, Horgos) is a village located in the municipality of Kanjiža, North Banat District, Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2011 census, it has a population of 5,709 inhabitants. A border crossing between Serbia and H ...

Vojvodina Vojvodina ( sr-Cyrl, Војводина}), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia. It lies within the Pannonian Basin, bordered to the south by the national capital ...

) in northern

Délvidék ''Délvidék'' (, "southern land" or "southern territories") is a historical political term referring to varying areas in the southern part of what was the Kingdom of Hungary. In present-day usage, it often refers to the Vojvodina region of Serbia. ...

- to the

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Kingdom commonly refers to: * A monarchy ruled by a king or queen * Kingdom (biology), a category in biological taxonomy Kingdom may also refer to: Arts and media Television * ''Kingdom'' (British TV series), a 2007 British television drama s ...

(renamed to Yugoslavia in 1929). The rest remained in Hungary. During

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, Hungary annexed the territory lost, but after the end of the war the previous borders were restored. In 1950, the southern part of Csanád County (which contained then the Hungarian part of the pre-1920

Torontál County Torontál (, , , ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now divided between Serbia and Romania, except for a small area which is part of Hungary. The capital of the county was Nagybecskerek (, , ), t ...

and the south-western part of the pre-1920

Csanád County Csanád was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now part of Hungary, except for a small area which is part of Romania. The capital of the county was Makó. Geography Csanád county shared borders wit ...

) was added to Csongrád county, which was however renamed to

on 4 June 2020.

Demographics

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Csongrád county were: Csongrád county administrative map

Notes

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Csongrad County (Former) States and territories established in 1715 States and territories established in 1790 States and territories disestablished in 1552 1786 disestablishments States and territories disestablished in 1920 States and territories disestablished in 1946 Counties in the Kingdom of Hungary Vojvodina under Habsburg rule