''Cryptogemma praesignis'' is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

, a marine

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Turridae Turridae is a taxonomic family name for a number of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea. MolluscaBase (2018). Turridae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (1838). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Specie ...

, the turrids.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cryptogemma praesignis (E. A. Smith, 1895). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1425469 on 2020-03-25

Description

The length of the shell attains 42 mm, its diameter 15 mm. (Original description by E.A. Smith) The prominent row of tubercles around the middle of the

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...

s, the keel beneath the suture, and the broad sinus in the outer lip are the principal features of this species. The apex of the

spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spires are ...

being broken away makes it impossible to state with certainty the exact number of whorls, but they would probably amount to eleven or twelve. The entire surface exhibits fine flexuous lines of growth. (Original description by W.H. Dall) The solid shell contains six or more whorls (all the specimens are decollate). It is white, with an ashy pale-brown epidermis. The

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An opt ...

measures less than half the length of the shell. The suture is distinct, not channeled The anal notch is rather anterior, about as deep as wide, separated from the suture behind by a somewhat excavated area. The spiral

sculpture Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...

consists of, in front of the suture, a plain, strong thread, in front of that three or four anteriorly diminishing threads. The anal fasciole, contrary to the ordinary rule, projects, showing two small distinct adjacent threads, which overrun and somewhat uodulate numerous short abrupt peripheral wavelets. In front of the fasciole three strong alternate with three feeble revolving threads, and still in front of these six or eight small threads occupy the base. The siphonal part is decorticated. The transverse sculpture is composed of the peripheral wavelets before alluded to, which are rather close set and about 21 in number, on the penultimate whorl. There is no other transverse sculpture except lines of growth, which are not very prominent. The aperture is narrow, with a relatively wide

siphonal canal The siphonal canal is an anatomical feature of the shells of certain groups of sea snails within the clade Neogastropoda. Some sea marine gastropods have a soft tubular anterior extension of the mantle called a siphon through which water is ...

. The columella is solid, slender, and somewhat twisted. The body is not callous, and has no subsutural callosity. The interior of the aperture is not lirate.Dall W.H. (1895). Scientific results of exploration by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer "Albatross" XXXIV. Report on Mollusca and Brachiopoda dredged in deep water, chiefly near the Hawaiian Islands, with illustrations of hitherto unfigured species from northwest America. Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 17: 675-733, pls 23-32
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Distribution

This marine species occurs off

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...

and

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

References

* Okutani T. (1964). Report on the archibenthal and abyssal gastropod Mollusca collected from Sagami Bay and adjacent waters by the R.V. Soyo-Maru during the years 1955–1963. Journal of the Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, section 2. 15: 371–447, 7 pls. * Kantor, Yu.I. & Sysoev, A.S. (1991a) Sexual dimorphism in the apertural notch of a new species of Gemmula (Gastropoda: Turridae). Journal of Molluscan Studies, 57, 205–209.

External links

Martens E. von. (1901). Einige Neue Meer-Conchylien von der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. (1901): 14-26

Martens E. von. (1902). Einige neue Arten von Meer-Conchylien aus den Sammlungen der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition unter der Leitung von Prof. Carl Chun, 1898–99. Sitzungs-Berichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. (1902): 237–244., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931397 page(s): 239

Sowerby, G. B., III. (1903). Mollusca of South Africa. Marine Investigations in South Africa. 2(3): 213-232, pls 3-5.

Zaharias P., Kantor Y.I., Fedosov A.E., Criscione F., Hallan A., Kano Y., Bardin J. & Puillandre N. (2020). Just the once will not hurt: DNA suggests species lumping over two oceans in deep-sea snails (Cryptogemma). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa010/5802562
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Cryptogemma Praesignis praesignis Gastropods described in 1895