Crotalarieae is a tribe of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s belonging to the family

Fabaceae The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenc ...

. It includes

rooibos Rooibos ( ; , meaning "red bush"), or ''Aspalathus linearis'', is a broom (shrub), broom-like member of the plant family Fabaceae that grows in South Africa's fynbos biome. The leaves are used to make a herbal tea that is called rooibos (esp ...

''(Aspalathus linearis)'', harvested for sale as a

tisane Herbal teas, also known as herbal infusions and less commonly called tisanes (UK and US , US also ), are beverages made from the infusion or decoction of herbs, spices, or other plant material in hot water. Oftentimes herb tea, or the plain term ...

Description

The Crotalarieae arose 31.2 ± 3.4 million years ago (in the

Oligocene The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the ...

). The members of this tribe consistently form a monophyletic clade in molecular phylogenetic analyses. The tribe does not currently have a node-based definition and no morphological

synapomorphies In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have ...

have been identified. Several genera in the tribe produce

quinolizidine alkaloids Quinolizidine alkaloids are natural products that have a quinolizidine structure; this includes the lupine alkaloids. Occurrence Quinolizidine alkaloids can be found in the plant family of legumes, especially in papilionaceous plants. While t ...

or macrocyclic

pyrrolizidine alkaloids Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), sometimes referred to as necine bases, are a group of naturally occurring alkaloids based on the structure of pyrrolizidine. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are produced by plants as a defense mechanism against insect he ...

Genera

Crotalarieae comprises the following genera: * ''

Aspalathus ''Aspalathus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. The yellow flowers and spiny habit of some species have suggested a resemblance to ''Ulex europaeus'', the thorny " English gorse" Accordingly, "Cape Gorse" has been proposed ...

'' L. * ''

Bolusia ''Bolusia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. It is found only in southern Africa. References

Crotalarieae Fabaceae genera {{Faboideae-stub ...

'' Benth. * ''

Calobota ''Calobota'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae The Faboideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. An acceptable alternative name for the su ...

'' Eckl. & Zeyh. * ''

Crotalaria ''Crotalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae (subfamily Faboideae) commonly known as rattlepods. The genus includes over 700 species of herbaceous plants and shrubs. Africa is the continent with the majority of ''Crotalar ...

'' L. * ''

Euchlora ''Euchlora hirsuta'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and the tribe Crotalarieae found in South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bound ...

'' Eckl. & Zeyh. * ''

Ezoloba ''Ezoloba macrocarpa'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and the tribe Crotalarieae found in South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in A ...

'' B.-E. van Wyk & Boatwr. * ''

Lebeckia ''Lebeckia'' is a genus of plants in the family Fabaceae native to the fynbos ( Cape Floristic Kingdom) of South Africa. Several members of ''Lebeckia'' were recently transferred to other genera (''Calobota'' and '' Wiborgiella''). Members of ''L ...

'' Thunb. * ''

Leobordea ''Leobordea'' is a genus of legumes in the family Fabaceae and the tribe Crotalarieae. Members of this genus are found in the eastern parts of South Africa as well as tropical Africa and the Mediterranean countries. It was recently segregated f ...

'' Del. * ''

Listia Listia is a free online marketplace and mobile app for trading goods between individuals without using money. The platform has a system known as Listia credits to facilitate the trades. Users earn credits for giving away items they no longer nee ...

'' E. Mey. * ''

Lotononis ''Lotononis'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae and the tribe Crotalarieae. Almost all of the species in the genus occur in southern Africa. Species Several species were recently transferred from ''Lotononis'' to four new or ...

'' (DC.) Eckl. & Zeyh. * ''

Pearsonia ''Pearsonia'' is a genus of 12 species of plants belonging to the family Fabaceae and occurring in Africa south of the equator with 1 species found on Madagascar. The species are usually herbs or shrublets with woody rootstocks. Leaves are usual ...

'' Dummer * ''

Rafnia ''Rafnia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. Species ''Rafnia'' comprises the following species: * ''Rafnia acuminata'' (E. Mey.) G. J. Campbell & B.-E. van Wyk * '' Rafnia affinis'' Ha ...

'' Thunb. * ''

Robynsiophyton ''Robynsiophyton vanderystii'' is a species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae The Faboideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. An acceptable alternative nam ...

'' R.Wilczek * '' Rothia'' Pers. * '' Wiborgia'' Thunb. * '' Wiborgiella'' Boatwr. & B.-E. van Wyk

References

External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q3776911 Fabaceae tribes