''Crassocephalum'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
the common names of whose members include ragleaf, thickhead, and bologi. Several species are raised as
leaf vegetable
Leaf vegetables, also called leafy greens, pot herbs, vegetable greens, or simply greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable, sometimes accompanied by tender petioles and shoots. Leaf vegetables eaten raw in a salad can be called salad gre ...
s and used for medicine, especially in
West Africa
West Africa or Western Africa is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Maurit ...
. Similar to
Senecio
''Senecio'' is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) that includes ragworts and groundsels.
Variously circumscribed taxonomically, the genus ''Senecio'' is one of the largest genera of flowering plants.
Description
Morp ...
, but differing in never having ray florets. A calyculus of short bracts (c.1/4 to 1/5 of the length of the inner phyllaries) is present. The genus is typically thistle-like in appearance, but all parts are soft and not spiny.
Species
Species include:
* ''
Crassocephalum afromontanum''
R.E. Fr., Acta Horti Berg. 9: 144, 1928
* ''
Crassocephalum aurantiacum''
(Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 331, 1891
* ''
Crassocephalum auriformis''
S. Moore, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 37: 171, 1904
* ''
Crassocephalum baoulense
''Gynura procumbens'' (also known as sabuñgai or sambung nyawa), sometimes called "longevity spinach" or "longevity greens", is an edible vine found in China, Southeast Asia, and Africa. Leaves are Leaf shape, ovate-elliptic or lanceolate, long ...
''
(Hutch. & Dalziel) Milne-Redh., Kew Bull. 5: 377, 1951
* ''
Crassocephalum bauchiense''
(Hutch.) Milne-Redh., Kew Bull. 5: 376, 1951
* ''
Crassocephalum behmianum''
(Muschl.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum biafrae''
(Oliv. & Hiern) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 211, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum bojeri''
(DC.) Robyns, Fl. Spermat. Parc Natl. Albert 2: 544, 1947
* ''
Crassocephalum bougheyanum''
C.D. Adams, J. W. African Sci. Assoc. 3: 111, 1957
* ''
Crassocephalum bumbense''
S. Moore, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 47: 279, 1925
* ''
Crassocephalum butaguensis
''Crassocephalum'' is a genus the common names of whose members include ragleaf, thickhead, and bologi. Several species are raised as leaf vegetables and used for medicine, especially in West Africa. Similar to Senecio, but differing in never h ...
''
(Muschl.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 211, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum cernuum''
(L. f.) Moench, Suppl. Pl. 370, 1781
* ''
Crassocephalum coeruleum''
(O. Hoffm.) R.E. Fr., Wiss. Erg. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo Exp. 342, 1916
* ''
Crassocephalum crepidioides
''Crassocephalum crepidioides'', also called ebolo, thickhead, redflower ragleaf, or fireweed, is an erect annual slightly succulent herb growing up to 180 cm tall. Its use is widespread in many tropical and subtropical regions, but is espe ...
''
(Benth.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50(595): 211–212, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum diversifolium''
Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. 1(3): 594, 1898
* ''
Crassocephalum ducis-aprutii''
(Chiov.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum effusum''
(Mattf.) C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 41(4): 907, 1986
* ''
Crassocephalum flavum''
Decne., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 2: 265, 1834
* ''
Crassocephalum gossweileri''
S. Moore, J. Bot. 56: 226, 1918
* ''
Crassocephalum gracile''
(Hook. f.) Milne-Redh. ex Guinea, Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 1: 307, 1951
* ''
Crassocephalum guineense''
C.D. Adams, J. W. African Sci. Assoc. 8: 129, 1964
* ''
Crassocephalum heteromorphum
''Crassocephalum'' is a genus the common names of whose members include ragleaf, thickhead, and bologi. Several species are raised as leaf vegetables and used for medicine, especially in West Africa. Similar to Senecio, but differing in never h ...
''
(Hutch. & Burtt.) C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 41(4): 908, 1986
* ''
Crassocephalum lemuricum
''Crassocephalum'' is a genus the common names of whose members include ragleaf, thickhead, and bologi. Several species are raised as leaf vegetables and used for medicine, especially in West Africa. Similar to Senecio, but differing in never h ...
''
(Humbert) Humbert, Fl. Madagasc. 189(3): 832, 1963
* ''
Crassocephalum libericum
''Crassocephalum'' is a genus the common names of whose members include ragleaf, thickhead, and bologi. Several species are raised as leaf vegetables and used for medicine, especially in West Africa. Similar to Senecio, but differing in never h ...
''
S. Moore, J. Bot. 54: 282, 1916
* ''
Crassocephalum longirameum
''Crassocephalum'' is a genus the common names of whose members include ragleaf, thickhead, and bologi. Several species are raised as leaf vegetables and used for medicine, especially in West Africa. Similar to Senecio, but differing in never h ...
''
S. Moore, J. Bot. 58: 46, 1920
* ''
Crassocephalum luteum
''Crassocephalum'' is a genus the common names of whose members include ragleaf, thickhead, and bologi. Several species are raised as leaf vegetables and used for medicine, especially in West Africa. Similar to Senecio, but differing in never h ...
''
(Humbert) Humbert, Fl. Madagasc. 189(3): 836, 1963
* ''
Crassocephalum macropappus''
(Sch. Bip. ex A. Rich.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 1912(1): 212, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum manampanihense''
(Humbert) Humbert, Fl. Madagasc. 189(3): 835, 1963
* ''
Crassocephalum mannii''
(Hook. f.) Milne-Redh., Kew Bull. 5: 377, 1951
* ''
Crassocephalum miniatum''
(Welw.) Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. 1: 595, 1898
* ''
Crassocephalum montuosum''
(S. Moore) Milne-Redh., Kew Bull. 5: 376, 1951
* ''
Crassocephalum multicorymbosum''
(Klatt) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 211, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum notonioides''
S. Moore, J. Bot. 40: 341, 1902
* ''
Crassocephalum paludum''
C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 41(4): 906, 1986
* ''
Crassocephalum picridifolium''
(DC.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum radiatum''
S. Moore, J. Bot. 56: 227, 1918
* ''
Crassocephalum rubens
''Crassocephalum rubens'', also called Yoruba bologi, is an erect annual herb growing up to 80 cm tall. It is grown and consumed especially in Southwestern Nigeria, but also as far away as Yemen, South Africa, and islands of the Indian Ocean ...
''
(B. Juss. ex Jacq.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum ruwenzoriensis''
S. Moore, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 35: 352, 1902
* ''
Crassocephalum sarcobasis''
(DC.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 211, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum scandens''
(O. Hoffm.) Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. 595, 1898
* ''
Crassocephalum sonchifolium''
(Baker) Humbert, Fl. Madagasc. 189(3): 834, 1963
* ''
Crassocephalum sonchifolium''
(L.) Less., Linnaea 6(2): 252, 1831
* ''
Crassocephalum splendens''
C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 41: 905, 1986
* ''
Crassocephalum subscandens''
(Hochst. ex A. Rich.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 211, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum togoense''
C.D. Adams, J. W. African Sci. Assoc. 1: 27, 1954
* ''
Crassocephalum uvens''
(Hiern) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912
* ''
Crassocephalum valerianifolium''
(Link ex Spreng.) Less., Linnaea 5(1): 163, 1830
* ''
Crassocephalum vitellinum''
(Benth.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912
References
External links
PROTAbase on ''Crassocephalum''
{{Taxonbar, from=Q521476
Leaf vegetables
Asteraceae genera
Plants used in traditional African medicine