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''Coprinellus'' is a
,
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of mushroom
A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans.
The standard for the name "mushroom" is ...
-forming fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...
in the family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Psathyrellaceae
The Psathyrellaceae are a family of dark-spored agarics that generally have rather soft, fragile fruiting bodies, and are characterized by black, dark brown, rarely reddish, or even pastel-colored spore prints. About 50% of species produce fruit ...
. The genus was circumscribed
In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius.
Not every polyg ...
by the Finnish mycologist Petter Adolf Karsten
Petter Adolf Karsten (16 February 1834 – 22 March 1917) was a Finnish mycologist, the foremost expert on the fungi of Finland in his day, and known in consequence as the "father of Finnish mycology".
Karsten was born in Merimasku near Turku, st ...
in 1879. Most ''Coprinellus'' species were transferred from the once large genus ''Coprinus
''Coprinus'' is a small genus of mushroom-forming fungi consisting of ''Coprinus comatus''the shaggy ink cap (British) or shaggy mane (American)and several of its close relatives. Until 2001, ''Coprinus'' was a large genus consisting of all ag ...
''. Molecular studies published in 2001 redistributed ''Coprinus'' species to ''Psathyrella
''Psathyrella'' is a large genus of about 400 species, and is similar to the genera '' Coprinellus'', ''Coprinopsis'', ''Coprinus'' and ''Panaeolus'', usually with a thin cap and white or yellowish white hollow stem. The caps do not self digest ...
'', or the segregate genera ''Coprinopsis
''Coprinopsis'' is a genus of mushrooms in the family Psathyrellaceae. ''Coprinopsis'' was split out of the genus ''Coprinus'' based on molecular data. The species ''Coprinopsis cinerea'' (='' Coprinus cinereus'') is a model organism for mushro ...
'' and ''Coprinellus''.
In 2020 Phylogenetic
In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ...
analysis conducted by the German mycologists Dieter Wächter & Andreas Melzer reclassified many ''Coprinellus'' species as belonging to the new genus '' Tulosesus''.
Species
, Index Fungorum
''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of M ...
accepted 62 species of ''Coprinellus''. In recent years many species were added to the genus having mostly been moved from ''Coprinus
''Coprinus'' is a small genus of mushroom-forming fungi consisting of ''Coprinus comatus''the shaggy ink cap (British) or shaggy mane (American)and several of its close relatives. Until 2001, ''Coprinus'' was a large genus consisting of all ag ...
'' whilst numerous species were removed and placed in the genus '' Tulosesus'' in 2020. One species was moved to the monotypic genus ''Punjabia
''Punjabia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Psathyrellaceae. The genus is monotypic and contains the single species ''Punjabia pakistanicus'' which was previously classified as ''Coprinellus pakistanicus.''
Taxonomy
The ''Punjabia'' genus ...
.'' The total number of accepted species has not changed greatly from the 66 in 2019 however many species have been moved. Due to the significant changes to this genus recently many old synonyms are likely to still be in use.
Many of these species appear similar and require microscopic analysis to differentiate and identify.
Former Species
These species were reclassified as '' Tulosesus'' in 2020.See also
* '' Tulosesus'' * ''Punjabia
''Punjabia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Psathyrellaceae. The genus is monotypic and contains the single species ''Punjabia pakistanicus'' which was previously classified as ''Coprinellus pakistanicus.''
Taxonomy
The ''Punjabia'' genus ...
''
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1073442 Agaricales genera Taxa named by Petter Adolf Karsten Taxa described in 1879