''Panaeolus cambodginiensis'' is a potent

hallucinogenic Hallucinogens are a large, diverse class of psychoactive drugs that can produce altered states of consciousness characterized by major alterations in thought, mood, and perception as well as other changes. Most hallucinogens can be categorized ...

mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is t ...

that contains

psilocybin Psilocybin ( , ) is a naturally occurring psychedelic prodrug compound produced by more than 200 species of fungi. The most potent are members of the genus ''Psilocybe'', such as '' P. azurescens'', '' P. semilanceata'', and '' P.&nbs ...

and

psilocin Psilocin (also known as 4-HO-DMT, 4-hydroxy DMT, psilocine, psilocyn, or psilotsin) is a substituted tryptamine alkaloid and a serotonergic psychedelic substance. It is present in most psychedelic mushrooms together with its phosphorylated counte ...

. It was described in 1979 as ''Copelandia cambodginiensis''.

Description

The cap is less than 23 mm across, with a convex shape and an incurved margin when young, expanding to broadly convex. The cap surface is smooth, often cracking with irregular fissures. The gills are gray to black. The stem is tall, 4 mm thick, and slightly swollen at the base. The

spore In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, f ...

s are black, shaped like lemons, smooth, measuring 11 x 8 μm. The entire mushroom quickly bruises blue where it is handled. It can be differentiated from the similar ''

Panaeolus cyanescens ''Panaeolus cyanescens'' is a mushroom in the Bolbitiaceae family. ''Panaeolus cyanescens'' is a common psychoactive mushroom and is similar to '' Panaeolus tropicalis''. Description *Cap: 1.5 – 4 cm across, dry, at first hemispheric, ...

'' by microscopic characteristics.

Distribution and habitat

''Panaeolus cambodginiensis'' is mushroom that grows on dung of

water buffalo The water buffalo (''Bubalus bubalis''), also called the domestic water buffalo or Asian water buffalo, is a large bovid originating in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Today, it is also found in Europe, Australia, North America, So ...

. It was first described from

Cambodia Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand t ...

and is widespread throughout the Asian subtropics and

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...

Alkaloid content

Strongly bluing species. Merlin and Allen (1993) reported the presence of

and

, up to .55% and .6%, respectively.

References

External links

Mushroom John - ''Panaeolus cambodginiensis''

Erowid - ''Panaeolus cambodginiensis''

A Worldwide Geographical Distribution of the Neurotropic Fungi
{{Taxonbar, from=Q7129783 cambodginiensis Psychoactive fungi Psychedelic tryptamine carriers Fungi of Asia Fungi of Oceania Fungi of Hawaii Fungi without expected TNC conservation status

Description

Distribution and habitat

Alkaloid content

See also

References

External links