Comloșu Mare ( hu, Nagykomlós; german: Großkomlosch; sr, Велики Комлуш, Veliki Komluš) is a
commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to:
Administrative-territorial entities
* Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township
** Communes of ...
in
Timiș County
Timiș () is a county ('' județ'') of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land area. T ...
,
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
. It is composed of three villages: Comloșu Mare, Comloșu Mic ( hu, Kiskomlós; german: Ostern or ''Kleinkomlosch''; sr, Мали Комлуш, Mali Komluš) and Lunga (until 1924 Constanța; hu, Kunszőllős).
Name
Comloșu Mare has been known throughout history under several names: ''Conuș'', ''Conaș'', ''Comloșul Bănățean'', ''Comlăușul Mare'' or ''Comloș'' (in
Romanian
Romanian may refer to:
*anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Romania
**Romanians, an ethnic group
**Romanian language, a Romance language
***Romanian dialects, variants of the Romanian language
**Romanian cuisine, traditional ...
); ''Nagykomlós'' and ''Bánátkomlós'' (in
Hungarian); Велики Комлуш/''Veliki Komluš'' (in
Serbian
Serbian may refer to:
* someone or something related to Serbia, a country in Southeastern Europe
* someone or something related to the Serbs, a South Slavic people
* Serbian language
* Serbian names
See also
*
*
* Old Serbian (disambiguat ...
); ''Großkomlosch'', ''Komlosch'' or ''Großhopfendorf'' (in
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
).
Comloșu Mic was known as ''Ostern'' in
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
, ''Osztern'' and ''Kiskomlós'' in
Hungarian and Мали Комлуш/''Mali Komluš'' in
Serbian
Serbian may refer to:
* someone or something related to Serbia, a country in Southeastern Europe
* someone or something related to the Serbs, a South Slavic people
* Serbian language
* Serbian names
See also
*
*
* Old Serbian (disambiguat ...
. The current form, Comloșu Mic, is retaken after 1918 from the Hungarian toponym ''Kiskomlós'', originally used by the Austro-Hungarian administration.
Lunga was founded in 1824. Originally known as ''Constanța'', the village was named in honor of Constanze Nákó de
Nagyszentmiklós, the widow of Joseph Nákó de
Nagyszentmiklós. The name ''Constanța'' was used until 1888, when Hungarian officials turn it into ''Kunszőllős''. The toponym ''Constanța'' was retaken between 1909 and 1921, after which in 1930, it was given the official name ''Lunga'' because the village stretches for 4 km in length (in
Romanian
Romanian may refer to:
*anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Romania
**Romanians, an ethnic group
**Romanian language, a Romance language
***Romanian dialects, variants of the Romanian language
**Romanian cuisine, traditional ...
''lunga'' means "long").
Geography
Comloșu Mare is located on the northwestern border of
Romanian Banat
Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of ...
and borders the communes of
Gottlob,
Lenauheim
Lenauheim (until 1926 Cetad; german: Lenauheim, formerly ''Tschatad''; hu, Csatád) is a communes of Romania, commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Bulgăruș (formerly Bogaroș; german: Bogarosch; hu, Bogáros), Gr ...
and
Teremia Mare and the town of
Jimbolia
Jimbolia (; hu, Zsombolya; german: Hatzfeld; sr, Жомбољ, Žombolj; Banat Bulgarian: ''Džimbolj'') is a town in Timiș County, Romania. Geography
Jimbolia is located in the west of Timiș County, 39 km from Timișoara, with which it is ...
. The territory of the commune forms the state border with
Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...
. Comloșu Mare is located in the plain area of
Mureș, having some depressions left by the routes of Galatea and Soltur valleys that have dried up.
Climate
The climate receives Mediterranean influences from the south, having a temperate character (the average annual temperature is 10.5 °C), with warm summers, not too cold winters, quite early springs and sometimes very long autumns.
The average annual precipitation is 520 mm, with variations from 366 to 732 mm.
Most of the precipitation falls between May and August, with torrential rains accompanied by
hail
Hail is a form of solid precipitation. It is distinct from ice pellets (American English "sleet"), though the two are often confused. It consists of balls or irregular lumps of ice, each of which is called a hailstone. Ice pellets generally fal ...
. The dominant wind is the austru, which blows almost all year round.
Flora and fauna
The dominant vegetation is grassy. The arboreal vegetation is characterized by the presence of
locust
Locusts (derived from the Vulgar Latin ''locusta'', meaning grasshopper) are various species of short-horned grasshoppers in the family Acrididae that have a swarming phase. These insects are usually solitary, but under certain circumstanc ...
s,
mulberries
''Morus'', a genus of flowering plants in the family Moraceae, consists of diverse species of deciduous trees commonly known as mulberries, growing wild and under cultivation in many temperate world regions. Generally, the genus has 64 identif ...
and
poplars
''Populus'' is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar (), aspen, and cottonwood.
The we ...
, and that of shrubs by
blackthorn
''Prunus spinosa'', called blackthorn or sloe, is a species of flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae. The species is native to Europe, western Asia, and regionally in northwest Africa. It is locally naturalized in New Zealand, Tasmania, ...
s and
hawthorn
Hawthorn or Hawthorns may refer to:
Plants
* '' Crataegus'' (hawthorn), a large genus of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae
* ''Rhaphiolepis'' (hawthorn), a genus of about 15 species of evergreen shrubs and small trees in the family Rosace ...
s. The most common and harmful to crops weeds are ''
Cirsium arvense
''Cirsium arvense'' is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native throughout Europe and western Asia, northern Africa and widely introduced elsewhere.Joint Nature Conservation Committee''Cirsium arvense'' The standa ...
'' (field thistle), ''
Rubus fruticosus
''Rubus fruticosus'' L. is the ambiguous name of a European blackberry species in the genus ''Rubus'' in the rose family. The name has been interpreted in several ways:
*The species represented by the type specimen of ''Rubus fruticosus'' L., ...
'' (blackberry), ''
Centaurea cyanus
''Centaurea cyanus'', commonly known as cornflower or bachelor's button, is an annual flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to Europe. In the past, it often grew as a weed in cornfields (in the broad sense of "corn", referring to gra ...
'' (cornflower), ''
Papaver
''Papaver'' is a genus of 70–100 species of frost-tolerant annuals, biennials, and perennials native to temperate and cold regions of Eurasia, Africa and North America. It is the type genus of the poppy family, Papaveraceae.
Description
The ...
'' spp. (poppies), ''
Atriplex hortensis
''Atriplex hortensis'', known as garden orache, red orache or simply orache (; also spelled orach), mountain spinach, French spinach, or arrach, is a species of plant in the amaranth family used as a leaf vegetable that was common before spinac ...
'' (orache), and lately
sorghum
''Sorghum'' () is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants in the grass family (Poaceae). Some of these species are grown as cereals for human consumption and some in pastures for animals. One species is grown for grain, while many othe ...
has spread. The plain area is used for various crops:
wheat
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain that is a worldwide staple food. The many species of wheat together make up the genus ''Triticum'' ; the most widely grown is common wheat (''T. aestivum''). The archaeologi ...
,
corn
Maize ( ; ''Zea mays'' subsp. ''mays'', from es, maíz after tnq, mahiz), also known as corn (North American and Australian English), is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago. Th ...
,
barley
Barley (''Hordeum vulgare''), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains, particularly in Eurasia as early as 10,000 years ago. Globally 70% of barley pr ...
,
oat
The oat (''Avena sativa''), sometimes called the common oat, is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed, which is known by the same name (usually in the plural, unlike other cereals and pseudocereals). While oats are suitable for human con ...
,
rye
Rye (''Secale cereale'') is a grass grown extensively as a grain, a cover crop and a forage crop. It is a member of the wheat tribe (Triticeae) and is closely related to both wheat (''Triticum'') and barley (genus ''Hordeum''). Rye grain is u ...
, legumes, textiles, oilseeds and other industrial plants, vegetables and fodder plants, orchards with fruit trees and vines.
In terms of fauna, this area is suitable for
suslik
''Spermophilus'' is a genus of ground squirrels in the squirrel family. As traditionally defined the genus was very species-rich, ranging through Europe, Asia and North America, but this arrangement was found to be paraphyletic to the certai ...
s,
hamster
Hamsters are rodents (order Rodentia) belonging to the subfamily Cricetinae, which contains 19 species classified in seven genera.Fox, Sue. 2006. ''Hamsters''. T.F.H. Publications Inc. They have become established as popular small pets. The b ...
s,
steppe polecat
The steppe polecat (''Mustela eversmanii''), also known as the white or masked polecat, is a species of mustelid native to Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List because of its wide distrib ...
s,
hare
Hares and jackrabbits are mammals belonging to the genus ''Lepus''. They are herbivores, and live solitarily or in pairs. They nest in slight depressions called forms, and their young are able to fend for themselves shortly after birth. The ge ...
s and, among the bird species,
lark
Larks are passerine birds of the family Alaudidae. Larks have a cosmopolitan distribution with the largest number of species occurring in Africa. Only a single species, the horned lark, occurs in North America, and only Horsfield's bush lark occu ...
s,
quail
Quail is a collective name for several genera of mid-sized birds generally placed in the order Galliformes. The collective noun for a group of quail is a flock, covey, or bevy.
Old World quail are placed in the family Phasianidae, and New Wor ...
s,
partridge
A partridge is a medium-sized Galliformes, galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide Indigenous (ecology), native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They a ...
s,
pheasant
Pheasants ( ) are birds of several genera within the family (biology), family Phasianidae in the order (biology), order Galliformes. Although they can be found all over the world in introduced (and captive) populations, the pheasant genera na ...
s,
starling
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds in the family Sturnidae. The Sturnidae are named for the genus ''Sturnus'', which in turn comes from the Latin word for starling, ''sturnus''. Many Asian species, particularly the larger ones, ...
s and
rollers.
Locust
Locusts (derived from the Vulgar Latin ''locusta'', meaning grasshopper) are various species of short-horned grasshoppers in the family Acrididae that have a swarming phase. These insects are usually solitary, but under certain circumstanc ...
s,
cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striki ...
s and other insects are found in large numbers.
History
The first recorded mention of Comloșu Mare dates from 1446, when the toponym ''Komlós'' is mentioned in a Hungarian diploma. By 1453,
John Hunyadi
John Hunyadi (, , , ; 1406 – 11 August 1456) was a leading Hungarian military and political figure in Central and Southeastern Europe during the 15th century. According to most contemporary sources, he was the member of a noble family of ...
had properties here.
After the
defeat of the Hungarian army at
Mohács
Mohács (; Croatian and Bunjevac: ''Mohač''; german: Mohatsch; sr, Мохач; tr, Mohaç) is a town in Baranya County, Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube.
Etymology
The name probably comes from the Slavic ''*Mъchačь'',''*Mocháč'': ...
in 1526, the Ottomans occupied Hungary and
Banat
Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of T ...
. Following
Bey
Bey ( ota, بك, beğ, script=Arab, tr, bey, az, bəy, tk, beg, uz, бек, kz, би/бек, tt-Cyrl, бәк, translit=bäk, cjs, пий/пек, sq, beu/bej, sh, beg, fa, بیگ, beyg/, tg, бек, ar, بك, bak, gr, μπέης) is ...
Bali's campaign in 1529, several localities, including Comloșu Mare, were destroyed by the Ottoman troops.
Two centuries followed in which the Ottomans devastated the settlement many times, which led to its depopulation. By 1552, Comloșu Mare was part of the
Sanjak of Çanad The Sanjak of Çanad ( tr, Çanad sancağı, Liva-i Çanad) was a sanjak (district) of the Ottoman Empire located in what is today northern Banat (northernmost Serbia, southernmost Hungary and northwesternmost Romania), centered at Cenad ( hu, Csan ...
. In the Turkish
defter
A ''defter'' (plural: ''defterler'') was a type of tax register and land cadastre in the Ottoman Empire.
Description
The information collected could vary, but ''tahrir defterleri'' typically included details of villages, dwellings, household ...
from 1557 to 1558 two villages are mentioned: ''Comloș'' with three houses and ''Comloșu Vechi'' ("Old Comloș") with nine houses, both inhabited by Romanians and Serbs.
After the
victory
The term victory (from Latin ''victoria'') originally applied to warfare, and denotes success achieved in personal Duel, combat, after military operations in general or, by extension, in any competition. Success in a military campaign constitu ...
in
Zenta in 1697 of
Prince Eugene of Savoy
Prince Eugene Francis of Savoy–Carignano, (18 October 1663 – 21 April 1736) better known as Prince Eugene, was a Generalfeldmarschall, field marshal in the army of the Holy Roman Empire and of the Austrian Habsburg dynasty during the 17th a ...
over the Ottoman army, several families of Serbian shepherds settled here, so that the 1717 census recorded 20 dwellings in the village of ''Comleusch'', in the district of
Timișoara
), City of Roses ( ro, Orașul florilor), City of Parks ( ro, Orașul parcurilor)
, image_map = Timisoara jud Timis.svg
, map_caption = Location in Timiș County
, pushpin_map = Romania#Europe
, pushpin_ ...
.
Under the Habsburgs, starting with 1716, when the district organization was introduced, Comloșu Mare belonged to
Cenad
Cenad ( hu, Nagycsanád, during the Dark Ages ''Marosvár''; german: Tschanad; sr, Чанад, Čanad; la, Chanadinum) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Cenad. The village serves as a customs point on t ...
. Between 1734 and 1740, several Oltenian families arrived in the village from
Craiova
Craiova (, also , ), is Romania's 6th Cities in Romania, largest city and capital of Dolj County, and situated near the east bank of the river Jiu River, Jiu in central Oltenia. It is a longstanding political center, and is located at approximatel ...
,
Slatina and
Polovragi
Polovragi is a commune in Gorj County, Oltenia, Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to th ...
, who took refuge here to escape the Turkish incursions from
Oltenia
Oltenia (, also called Lesser Wallachia in antiquated versions, with the alternative Latin names ''Wallachia Minor'', ''Wallachia Alutana'', ''Wallachia Caesarea'' between 1718 and 1739) is a historical province and geographical region of Romania ...
.
During this period, Bulgarian settlers from
Vinga
Vinga is a commune in Arad County, western Romania, south of the county seat of Arad, with a population of 5,828 inhabitants (as of 2011).
Vinga is located in the northern section of the Banat. The people in Vinga are mainly Romanians, the sec ...
also appeared. In the autumn of 1743, a group of Oltenian refugees arrived in the village, and in 1745 other Romanian families came from Vinga. With the help of the Romanians from Oltenia, the Austrian administrators rebuilt the roads and the canalization and drainage systems of the swamps both in the commune and in the neighboring localities.
Starting with 1779, when Banat was incorporated into Hungary and the county organization was introduced, Comloșu Mare was part of the
Torontál County
Torontál (, , , ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now divided between Serbia and Romania, except for a small area which is part of Hungary. The capital of the county was Nagybecskerek (, , ), t ...
, with the seat at
Nagybecskerek
Zrenjanin ( sr-Cyrl, Зрењанин, ; hu, Nagybecskerek; ro, Becicherecu Mare; sk, Zreňanin; german: Großbetschkerek) is a city and the administrative center of the Central Banat District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbi ...
(present-day
Zrenjanin
Zrenjanin ( sr-Cyrl, Зрењанин, ; hu, Nagybecskerek; ro, Becicherecu Mare; sk, Zreňanin; german: Großbetschkerek) is a List of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative center of the Central Banat District in the autonomous pro ...
,
Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...
).
In 1770–1771, on the outskirts of Comloșu Mare, Comloșu Mic was founded, under the direct guidance of the regional director for colonization, Hildebrand (a native of Timișoara), through the contribution of German and French settlers brought from
Alsace
Alsace (, ; ; Low Alemannic German/ gsw-FR, Elsàss ; german: Elsass ; la, Alsatia) is a cultural region and a territorial collectivity in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland. In 2020, it had ...
,
Lorraine
Lorraine , also , , ; Lorrain: ''Louréne''; Lorraine Franconian: ''Lottringe''; german: Lothringen ; lb, Loutrengen; nl, Lotharingen is a cultural and historical region in Northeastern France, now located in the administrative region of Gr ...
and the
Black Forest
The Black Forest (german: Schwarzwald ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is t ...
.
The German name of the village was ''Ostern'', as it was founded at
Easter
Easter,Traditional names for the feast in English are "Easter Day", as in the '' Book of Common Prayer''; "Easter Sunday", used by James Ussher''The Whole Works of the Most Rev. James Ussher, Volume 4'') and Samuel Pepys''The Diary of Samuel ...
.
In 1781, Comloșu Mare was bought by two wealthy merchants and entrepreneurs, brothers Christoph and Kyrill Nákó from the Macedo-Romanian Nákó family. They begin to colonize other populations here as well. Thus, in 1782, they brought here several families of
Lutheran
Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched th ...
Slovaks from
Békés County
Békés (, , ro, Județul Bichiș) is an administrative division (county or ''megye'') in south-eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Csongrád, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, and Hajdú-Bihar. The ...
, who did not stay long and left in 1788 for
Stamora. Germans from
Upper Hungary
Upper Hungary is the usual English translation of ''Felvidék'' (literally: "Upland"), the Hungarian term for the area that was historically the northern part of the Kingdom of Hungary, now mostly present-day Slovakia. The region has also been ...
and
Luxembourg
Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small lan ...
began to settle here in 1771.
In 1840, Johann Nákó, Kyrill's grandson, built a mansion in Comloșu Mare, which would later be known as the San Marco Mansion. It was used as a permanent residence and also included a theater with a permanent season (in the summer of 1868
Mihai Eminescu
Mihai Eminescu (; born Mihail Eminovici; 15 January 1850 – 15 June 1889) was a Romanian Romantic poet from Moldavia, novelist, and journalist, generally regarded as the most famous and influential Romanian poet. Eminescu was an active membe ...
also stopped here) and a Viennese-style park;
the park was cleared and turned into a football field and base for agricultural machinery during communism. Johann Nákó's only heiress, daughter Mileva, became Duchess of San Marco by marriage. After the Duke's death in 1888, the Duchess devoted herself to charitable causes. In 1889 she called the
Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul
The Company of the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul ( la, Societas Filiarum Caritatis a Sancto Vincentio de Paulo), commonly called the Daughters of Charity or Sisters of Charity of Saint Vincent De Paul, is a Society of Apostoli ...
to Comloșu Mare, for whom she had a monastery built with rooms for a girls' boarding school and an educational wing.
In 1824, the village of Lunga was founded on the estate of Count Johann Nákó. He decided to set up a settlement to stabilize the labor force he needed for his estate.
He divided the land into lots of houses, which he gave to 138 Romanian families and 100 German families, all of which were used for agricultural work on Nákó's estate.
As in Comoloșu Mare, the Romanians who were colonized here were Oltenians from the
Old Kingdom
In ancient Egyptian history, the Old Kingdom is the period spanning c. 2700–2200 BC. It is also known as the "Age of the Pyramids" or the "Age of the Pyramid Builders", as it encompasses the reigns of the great pyramid-builders of the Fourth ...
.
Demographics
Comloșu Mare had a population of 4,737 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 1% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are
Romanians
The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym ''Vlachs'') are a Romance languages, Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Culture of Romania, Romanian culture and Cultural heritage, ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they l ...
(72.7%), larger minorities being represented by
Roma
Roma or ROMA may refer to:
Places Australia
* Roma, Queensland, a town
** Roma Airport
** Roma Courthouse
** Electoral district of Roma, defunct
** Town of Roma, defunct town, now part of the Maranoa Regional Council
*Roma Street, Brisbane, a ...
(18.15%),
Germans
, native_name_lang = de
, region1 =
, pop1 = 72,650,269
, region2 =
, pop2 = 534,000
, region3 =
, pop3 = 157,000
3,322,405
, region4 =
, pop4 = ...
(2.41%),
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...
(1.31%) and
Slovaks
The Slovaks ( sk, Slováci, singular: ''Slovák'', feminine: ''Slovenka'', plural: ''Slovenky'') are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation native to Slovakia who share a common ancestry, culture, history and speak Slovak.
In Slovakia, 4.4 mi ...
(1.08%). For 3.76% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.
By religion, most inhabitants are
Orthodox
Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to:
Religion
* Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-pag ...
(77.79%), but there are also minorities of
Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
*Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
*Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
s (6.84%),
Pentecostal
Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement s (6.23%) and
Greek Catholic The term Greek Catholic Church can refer to a number of Eastern Catholic Churches following the Byzantine (Greek) liturgy, considered collectively or individually.
The terms Greek Catholic, Greek Catholic church or Byzantine Catholic, Byzantine Ca ...
s (4.2%). For 3.78% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.
Culture
The cultural activity takes place in the three existing
cultural centers
Culture () is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.Tylor ...
in the three villages. In Comloșu Mare, the Iulian Grozescu National House has a capacity of 400 seats in the
performance hall, a 60-seat conference room, kitchen and locker rooms.
The building is a
historical monument
A monument is a type of structure that was explicitly created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, his ...
, once home to the post chaise between
Kikinda
Kikinda ( sr-Cyrl, Кикинда, ; hu, Nagykikinda) is a city and the administrative center of the North Banat District in Serbia . The city urban area has 38,069 inhabitants, while the city administrative area has 59,453 inhabitants.
The c ...
and
Budapest
Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...
. The cultural center in Comloșu Mic has a capacity of 200 seats, while the cultural center in Lunga has 150 seats.
There is also a communal library with a book fund of 8,000 volumes.
The spiritual life is represented by the existing cults:
Orthodox
Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to:
Religion
* Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-pag ...
,
Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
*Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
*Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
,
Greek Catholic The term Greek Catholic Church can refer to a number of Eastern Catholic Churches following the Byzantine (Greek) liturgy, considered collectively or individually.
The terms Greek Catholic, Greek Catholic church or Byzantine Catholic, Byzantine Ca ...
,
Baptist
Baptists form a major branch of Protestantism distinguished by baptizing professing Christian believers only (believer's baptism), and doing so by complete immersion. Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the doctrines of soul compete ...
and
Pentecostal
Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement . There are eight churches, of which three Orthodox, two Roman Catholic, one Greek Catholic, one Baptist and one Pentecostal.
Magazines and publications have an old tradition in Comloșu Mare. ''Suflet nou'' ("New Soul") is the longest-lived rural cultural publication in Romania. The magazine was founded in 1934 by lawyer Andrei Bălan and has been published monthly since then.
''Comloșanu'' is another local publication written and edited by a group of young volunteers; it appears since 2001 with a quarterly frequency.
There is also a children's theater troupe, ''Neghiniță Junior'', where teachers, volunteers and children work.
Annually, the ''Femina'' club presents plays staged by its female volunteers.
Notable people
*
Iulian Grozescu Portrait of Grozescu on a biography published in 1941
Iulian Grozescu (June 20, 1839–) was an Austro-Hungarian Romanian journalist and poet.
Born in Comloșu Mare, Torontál County, in the Banat region, he attended school in Timișoara, Ara ...
(1839–1872), poet and journalist
*
Arthur Biedl
Arthur Biedl (4 October 1869 – 26 August 1933) was a Hungarian pathologist born in what today is Comloșu Mic, Romania.
He studied medicine at the University of Vienna, and from 1893 served as an assistant to Salomon Stricker (1834-1898), ...
(1869–1933), pathologist
*
Anna Sage
Anna may refer to:
People Surname and given name
* Anna (name)
Mononym
* Anna the Prophetess, in the Gospel of Luke
* Anna (wife of Artabasdos) (fl. 715–773)
* Anna (daughter of Boris I) (9th–10th century)
* Anna (Anisia) (fl. 1218 to 1221)
...
(1889–1947), prostitute and brothel owner ("Woman in Red")
* (1909–1990), poet and writer
*
Vasile Chiroiu
Vasile Chiroiu (August 13, 1910 – May 9, 1976) was a Romanian football defender who played for Romania in the 1938 FIFA World Cup.
Honours
;Ripensia Timişoara
*Liga I
The Liga I (; ''First League''), also spelled as Liga 1, is a Ro ...
(1910–1976), football player
* (b. 1951), writer
Notes
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Comlosu Mare
Communes in Timiș County
Localities in Romanian Banat
Romania–Serbia border crossings