Collodictyonidae (also Diphylleidae) is a group of aquatic, unicellular

eukaryotic Eukaryotes () are organisms whose cells have a nucleus. All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms, are Eukaryotes. They belong to the group of organisms Eukaryota or Eukarya, which is one of the three domains of life. Bacte ...

organisms with two to four terminal

flagella A flagellum (; ) is a hairlike appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many protists with flagella are termed as flagellates. A microorganism may have f ...

. They feed by

phagocytosis Phagocytosis () is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome. It is one type of endocytosis. A cell that performs phagocytosis is ...

, ingesting other unicellular organisms like

algae Algae (; singular alga ) is an informal term for a large and diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. It is a polyphyletic grouping that includes species from multiple distinct clades. Included organisms range from unicellular mic ...

and

bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among ...

. The most remarkable fact of this clade is its uncertain position in the tree of life. Recent molecular analyses place Collodictyonids (e.g.

Collodictyon ''Collodictyon'' is a genus of single-celled, omnivorous eukaryotes belonging to the collodictyonids, also known as diphylleids. Due to their mix of cellular components, Collodictyonids do not belong to any well-known kingdom (biology), kingdom-l ...

) in a clade also containing

Rigifilida Rigifilida is a clade of non-ciliate phagotrophic eukaryotes. It consists of two genera: ''Micronuclearia'' and '' Rigifila''. Characteristics Cells of rigifilids are covered with either a single or a double-layered submembrane pellicular lamina ...

and

Mantamonadidae The Mantamonadidae are of Motility, free-living heterotrophic flagellates that move primarily by gliding on surfaces (rather than swimming). There is one genus, ''Mantamonas''. It has been suggested previously that the Mantamonadidae be classifi ...

. This clade has been named

CRuMs CRuMs is a proposed clade of microbial eukaryotes, whose name is an acronym of the following constituent groups: i) collodictyonids also known as diphylleids, ii) rigifilids and iii) mantamonadids as sister of the Amorphea. It more or less s ...

and is sister to

Amorphea Amorphea are members of a taxonomic supergroup that includes the basal Amoebozoa and Obazoa. That latter contains the Opisthokonta, which includes the Fungi, Animals and the Choanomonada, or Choanoflagellates. The taxonomic affinities of the me ...

Phylogeny

Taxonomy

* Class Diphyllatea Cavalier-Smith 2003 nisomonadea; Diphyllatia Cavalier-Smith 2003** Order Diphylleida Cavalier-Smith 1993 ollodictyonida *** Family Sulcomonadidae Cavalier-Smith 2012 **** Genus '' Sulcomonas'' Brugerolle 2006 ***** Species ''S. lacustris'' Brugerolle 2006 *** Family Diphylleidae Cavalier-Smith 1993 ollodictyonidae Brugerolle et al. 2002**** Genus ''

Diphylleia ''Diphylleia'' is a group of small herbs in the family Berberidaceae described as a genus in 1803. It is native to the eastern United States and eastern Asia. ''Diphylleia grayi'', also known as the skeleton flower, has white petals that turn t ...

'' Massart 1920 non Michaux 1803 'Aulacomonas''_Skuja_1939.html" ;"title="Aulacomonas.html" ;"title="'Aulacomonas">'Aulacomonas'' Skuja 1939">Aulacomonas.html" ;"title="'Aulacomonas">'Aulacomonas'' Skuja 1939***** Species ''D. rotans'' Massart 1920 [''Aulacomonas submarina'' Skuja 1939] **** Genus ''

'' Carter 1865 ***** Species ''C. hongkongense'' Skvortzov 1968 ***** Species ''C. indicum'' Iyengar 1981 ***** Species ''C. oxycareni'' Franchini 1922 ***** Species ''C. sparsevacuolatum'' Skuja 1956 ***** Species ''C. triciliatum'' Carter 1865

References

Podiata families {{Eukaryote-stub