''Clibanarius'' is a
genus of
hermit crabs in the
family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their
abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a
gastropod shell. Typically
marine
Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean.
Marine or marines may refer to:
Ocean
* Maritime (disambiguation)
* Marine art
* Marine biology
* Marine debris
* Marine habitats
* Marine life
* Marine pollution
Military
* ...
like all their relatives, the genus includes ''
C. fonticola'', the only known hermit crab
species that spends all its life in
freshwater
Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Although the term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water, it does include ...
. The feeding rates of ''Clibanarius spp.'' change with temperature which, given their broad distributions, may have considerable consequences for the stability reef systems as sea temperatures rise in the future.
They are
omnivore
An omnivore () is an animal that has the ability to eat and survive on both plant and animal matter. Obtaining energy and nutrients from plant and animal matter, omnivores digest carbohydrates, protein, fat, and fiber, and metabolize the nutr ...
s, but mostly prey on small animals and
scavenge carrion
Carrion () is the decaying flesh of dead animals, including human flesh.
Overview
Carrion is an important food source for large carnivores and omnivores in most ecosystems. Examples of carrion-eaters (or scavengers) include crows, vultures, c ...
.
Species
As of 2009, about sixty
species are recognized in ''Clibanarius''; new species are discovered and described occasionally. Others have been placed here at one time or another but are now assigned to other genera of
Diogenidae, namely ''
Bathynarius,
Calcinus
''Calcinus'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae
The Diogenidae are a family of hermit crabs, sometimes known as "left-handed hermit crabs" because in contrast to most other hermit crabs, its left chela (claw) is enlarged in ...
,
Paguristes,
Strigopagurus'' and ''
Trizopagurus''.
The ''Clibanarius'' species are:
*''
Clibanarius aequabilis
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...
''
(Dana, 1851)
*''
Clibanarius africanus
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...
''
Aurivillus, 1898
*''
Clibanarius albidigitus
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...
''
Nobili, 1901
*''
Clibanarius ambonensis
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...
''
Rahayu & Forest, 1993
*''
Clibanarius antennatus
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...
''
Rahayu & Forest, 1993
*''
Clibanarius antillensis
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...
''
Stimpson, 1859
*''
Clibanarius arethusa
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...
''
De Man, 1888
*''
Clibanarius astathes
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...
''
(Stebbing, 1924)
*''
Clibanarius bimaculatus
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...
''
De Haan, 1849
*''
Clibanarius bistriatus
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...
''
Rahayu & Forest, 1993
*''
Clibanarius boschmai
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...
''
Buitendijk, 1937
*''
Clibanarius carnifex
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...
''
Heller, 1861
*''
Clibanarius chapini''
Schmitt, 1926
*''
Clibanarius clibanarius''
(Herbst, 1791)
*''
Clibanarius cooki
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...
''
Rathbun, 1900
*''
Clibanarius corallinus
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...
''
(H. Milne-Edwards, 1848)
*''
Clibanarius cruentatus
''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...
''
(H. Milne-Edwards, 1848)
*''Clibanarius danai''
Rahayu & Forest, 1993
*''Clibanarius demani''
Buitendijk, 1937
*''Clibanarius digueti''
Bouvier, 1898
*''Clibanarius englaucus''
Ball & Haig, 1972
*''Clibanarius erythropus''
(Latreille, 1818)
*''Clibanarius eurysternus''
(Franz Martin Hilgendorf, Hilgendorf, 1879)
*''Clibanarius fonticola''
McLaughlin & Murray, 1990
*''Clibanarius foresti''
Holthuis, 1959
*''Clibanarius harisi''
Rahayu, 2003
*''Clibanarius hirsutimanus''
Kobjakova, 1971
*''Clibanarius humilis''
(Dana, 1851)
*''Clibanarius inaequalis''
(De Haan, 1849)
*''Clibanarius infraspinatus''
(Franz Martin Hilgendorf, Hilgendorf, 1869)
*''Clibanarius janethaigae''
Hendrickx & Esparza-Haro, 1997
*''Clibanarius laevimanus''
Buitendijk, 1937
*''Clibanarius lineatus''
(H. Milne-Edwards, 1848)
*''Clibanarius longitarsus''
(De Haan, 1849)
*''Clibanarius merguiensis''
De Man, 1888
*''Clibanarius multipunctatus''
Wang & Tung, 1986
*''Clibanarius nathi''
Chopra & Das, 1940
*''Clibanarius olivaceus''
Henderson, 1915
*''Clibanarius pacificus''
Stimpson, 1858
*''Clibanarius padavensis''
De Man, 1888
*''Clibanarius ransoni''
Forest, 1953
*''Clibanarius rhabdodactylus''
Forest, 1953
*''Clibanarius rosewateri''
Manning & Chace, 1990
*''Clibanarius rubroviria''
Rahayu, 1999
*''Clibanarius rutilus''
Rahayu, 1999
*''Clibanarius sachalinicus''
Kobjakova, 1955
*''Clibanarius sclopetarius''
(Herbst, 1796)
*''Clibanarius senegalensis''
Chevreux & Bouvier, 1892
*''Clibanarius serenei''
Rahayu & Forest, 1993
*''Clibanarius signatus''
Heller, 1861
*''Clibanarius similis''
Rahayu & Forest, 1993
*''Clibanarius snelliusi''
Buitendijk, 1937
*''Clibanarius striolatus''
Dana, 1852
*''Clibanarius taeniatus''
(H. Milne-Edwards, 1848)
*''Clibanarius tricolor''
(Gibbes, 1850)
*''Clibanarius virescens''
(Krauss, 1843)
*''Clibanarius vittatus''
(Bosc, 1802)
*''Clibanarius willeyi''
Southwell, 1910
*''Clibanarius zebra''
Dana, 1852
''Clibanarius elongatus''
(H. Milne Edwards, 1848) is a ''nomen dubium''.
References
Diogenidae
Taxa named by James Dwight Dana
Decapod genera
{{decapod-stub