''Clavus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of small

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

s, marine

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

s in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Drilliidae The Drilliidae are a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of small predatory sea snails with high-spired shells. They are classified as marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea. This family has no s ...

Description

Apart from the general characteristics of the genera in the family

, the species in the genus ''Clavus'' have a shell with peripheral tubercles, spines or wing-like processes. Chen-Kwoh Chang, ''Small Turrids of Taiwan, Chapter 3 , History and Taxonomy of the Clavidae; June 1, 2001
/ref> The

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An opt ...

is rather large. The outer lip is produced below the sinus. The shell of ''Clavus'' is characterised by the following features:— Flat indefinite fasciole, indicated only by the curve of growth lines. A smooth subulate

protoconch A protoconch (meaning first or earliest or original shell) is an embryonic or larval shell which occurs in some classes of molluscs, e.g., the initial chamber of an ammonite or the larval shell of a gastropod. In older texts it is also called ...

. An insinuation of the outer lip, near the base, like that of '' Strombus''. A major

sculpture Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...

of prominent arched scales on the shoulder, and a minor sculpture of dense, microscopic, waved, spiral striae. Most species in this genus have a dorsal

varix A varix (pl. varices) is an abnormally dilated vessel with a tortuous course. Varices usually occur in the venous system, but may also occur in arterial or lymphatic vessels. Examples of varices include: * Varicose veins, large tortuous veins usua ...

. But this is absent in a few species such as '' Clavus beckii'', '' Clavus humilis'' and '' Clavus pica''. G.W. Tryon correctly preserved the genus for smooth specimens with a short

body whorl The body whorl is part of the morphology of the shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk. In gastropods In gastropods, the b ...

, long spire, nodulous shoulder, no spiral sculpture, a wide, deep

anal sulcus The anal sulcus, also called the anal sinus or anal canal, in Gastropods is a notch, a shelly tube at the top of the aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and fo ...

adjacent to the suture and, in the completely adult, a marked subsutural callus on the body.

Distribution

The species in this genus occur in the

Red Sea The Red Sea ( ar, البحر الأحمر - بحر القلزم, translit=Modern: al-Baḥr al-ʾAḥmar, Medieval: Baḥr al-Qulzum; or ; Coptic: ⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϩⲁϩ ''Phiom Enhah'' or ⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϣⲁⲣⲓ ''Phiom ǹšari''; T ...

, In the Indian Ocean off

Mozambique Mozambique (), officially the Republic of Mozambique ( pt, Moçambique or , ; ny, Mozambiki; sw, Msumbiji; ts, Muzambhiki), is a country located in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi ...

; also off

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

New Caledonia ) , anthem = "" , image_map = New Caledonia on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , map_alt = Location of New Caledonia , map_caption = Location of New Caledonia , mapsize = 290px , subdivision_type = Sovereign st ...

Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i ...

, the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

Solomon Islands Solomon Islands is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Oceania, to the east of Papua New Guinea and north-west of Vanuatu. It has a land area of , and a population of approx. 700,000. Its capita ...

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

and Australia (

New South Wales ) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , es ...

Northern Territory The Northern Territory (commonly abbreviated as NT; formally the Northern Territory of Australia) is an states and territories of Australia, Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. The Northern Territory ...

Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_ ...

Western Australia Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to th ...

Species

According to the

World Register of Marine Species The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialist ...

(WoRMS) the following species with valid names are included within the genus ''Clavus'' :WoRMS : Clavus
/ref> * '' Clavus aenigmaticus'' Wells, 1991 * '' Clavus aglaia'' (Dall, 1918) * '' Clavus alboroseus'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021 * '' Clavus albotuberculatus'' (Schepman, 1889) * '' Clavus andreolbrichi'' Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020 * '' Clavus androyensis'' (Bozzetti, 2007) * '' Clavus angulatus'' Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018 * '' Clavus basipunctatus'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus beckii'' (Reeve, 1842) * '' Clavus berenice'' (Dall, 1918) (synonym: ''Clavus spinosa'' Smith, E.A., 1882 ) * '' Clavus biancae'' (Bozzetti, 2008) * '' Clavus bilineatus'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus boucheti'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus brianmayi'' Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020 * '' Clavus burnupi'' (G. B. Sowerby III, 1897) * '' Clavus cadenasi'' (Clench & Aguayo, 1939) * ''

Clavus canalicularis ''Clavus canalicularis'', common name the ear turrid, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae. Description The shell grows to a length of 27 mm. The white shell shows a broad chestnut band below the ...

'' (Röding, 1798) * '' Clavus candens'' (Smith E. A., 1879) * '' Clavus cantharis'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus clara'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus clavata'' (Sowerby II, 1870) * '' Clavus cloveri'' (Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018) * '' Clavus coffea'' (Smith E. A., 1882) * '' Clavus cygneus'' (Melvill & Standen, 1897) * '' Clavus davidgilmouri'' Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020 * '' Clavus delphineae'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus devexistriatus'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus dolichurus'' Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018 * '' Clavus ebur'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus exasperatus'' (Reeve, 1843) * '' Clavus exilis'' (Pease, 1868) * '' Clavus falcicosta'' (Barnard, 1958) * '' Clavus flammulatus'' Montfort, 1810 * '' Clavus formosus'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Clavus fulvus'' (Hinds, 1843) * '' Clavus fusconitens'' (Sowerby III, 1901) * '' Clavus glaucozona'' Kilburn & Dekker, 2008 * '' Clavus groschi'' Kilburn, 1988 * '' Clavus herberti'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus heryi'' (Bozzetti, 2007) * '' Clavus hewittae'' Wells, 1991 * '' Clavus hottentotus'' (E. A. Smith, 1882) * '' Clavus humilis'' (E. A. Smith, 1879) * '' Clavus hylikos'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus idae'' (Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018) * '' Clavus infrafusca'' (G.B. Sowerby III, 1893) * '' Clavus infuscatus'' Kilburn & Dekker, 2008 * '' Clavus isibopho'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus isowai'' Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018 * '' Clavus japonicus'' (Lischke, 1869) * '' Clavus johnsoni'' (Bartsch, 1934) * '' Clavus juani'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021 * '' Clavus kirkhammetti'' Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020 * '' Clavus laetus'' (Hinds, 1843) * '' Clavus lamberti'' (Montrouzier, 1860) * '' Clavus maestratii'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus malva'' (Morassi, 1998) * '' Clavus minutissimus'' Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018 * '' Clavus moquinianus'' (Montrouzier, 1874) * '' Clavus nodifera'' (Pease, 1860) * '' Clavus nodulosa'' (Pease, 1863) * '' Clavus obliquatus'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus obliquicostatus'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus occiduus'' Wells, 1991 * '' Clavus papilio'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus paroeca'' (Melvill, 1923) * '' Clavus particolor'' Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018 * '' Clavus peristera'' Melvill, 1927 * '' Clavus pica'' (Reeve, 1843) * '' Clavus picoides'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus powelli'' Kay, 1979 * '' Clavus protentus'' Hervier, 1896 * '' Clavus pulicarius'' Wells, 1991 * '' Clavus pusilla'' (Garrett, 1873) * ''

Clavus putillus ''Clavus putillus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae. Description The shell grows to a length of 15 mm. The shell is yellowish white, chestnut-tinted between the slight longitudinal ribs. The t ...

'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Clavus quadratus'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus rissoiniformis'' Kay, 1979 * '' Clavus roseofuscus'' (Bozzetti, 2007) * '' Clavus rugizonatus'' Hervier, 1896 * '' Clavus sacra'' (Reeve, L.A., 1845) * '' Clavus similis'' Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018 * '' Clavus squamiferus'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus subobliquatus'' (E. A. Smith, 1879) * '' Clavus subtilifasciatus'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021 * '' Clavus suduirauti'' Bozzetti, 1997 * '' Clavus sulekile'' (Kilburn, 1988) * '' Clavus triantoniorum'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021 * '' Clavus unizonalis'' (Lamarck, 1822) * '' Clavus velcolorum'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021 * '' Clavus vibicinus'' (Helbling, 1779) * '' Clavus virginieae'' Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014 * '' Clavus wilmeri'' (Smith E. A., 1879) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Clavus abdera'' (Dall, 1919): synonym of '' Crassispira abdera'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Clavus aeneus'' (Hedley, 1922): synonym of '' Antiguraleus aeneus'' (Hedley, 1922) * ''Clavus alabaster'' (Reeve, 1843): synonym of '' Inquisitor alabaster'' (Reeve, 1843) * ''Clavus auriculifera'' Lamarck, J.B.P.A. de, 1816: synonym of ''

'' (Röding, 1798) * ''Clavus candidulus'' Hedley, 1922: synonym of '' Splendrillia candidulus'' (Hedley, 1922) * ''Clavus costatus'' Hedley, 1922: synonym of '' Graciliclava costata'' (Hedley, 1922) * ''Clavus crassa'' (E.A. Smith, 1888): synonym of ''Clavus aglaia'' (Dall, 1918) * ''Clavus enna'' (Dall, 1918): synonym of '' Drillia enna'' (Dall, 1918) * ''Clavus filicinctus'' (E. A. Smith, 1882): synonym of '' Horaiclavus filicinctus'' (E. A. Smith, 1882) * ''Clavus flavidulus'' (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of '' Clathrodrillia flavidula'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Clavus flexus'' Shuto, 1983: synonym of '' Plagiostropha flexus'' (Shuto, 1983) * ''Clavus gibberulus'' Hervier, 1896 : synonym of '' Drillia gibberulus'' (Hervier, 1896) * ''Clavus inclinata'' (Sowerby III, 1893): synonym of '' Iredalea inclinata'' (Sowerby III, 1893) * ''Clavus lacertosus'' (Hedley, 1922): synonym of '' Bathytoma lacertosus'' Hedley, 1922 * ''Clavus leforestieri'' Hervier, 1896: synonym of ''Clavus obliquicostatus'' (Reeve, 1845) * ''Clavus maravignae'' (Bivona Ant. in Bivona And., 1838): synonym of '' Crassopleura maravignae'' (Bivona Ant. in Bivona And., 1838) * ''Clavus mighelsi'' Kay, 1979: synonym of '' Pyrgocythara mighelsi'' (Kay, 1979) * ''Clavus mighelsi'' of authors: synonym of ''Clavus humilis'' (E. A. Smith, 1879) * ''Clavus opalus'' (Reeve, 1845): synonym of '' Plagiostropha opalus'' (Reeve, 1845) * ''Clavus pseudoprincipalis'' (Yokoyama, 1920): synonym of '' Inquisitor pseudoprincipalis'' (Yokoyama, 1920) * ''Clavus pulchellus'' (Reeve, 1845): synonym of '' Fenimorea halidorema'' Schwengel, 1940 * ''Clavus quintuplex'' (Melvill, 1927): synonym of '' Plagiostropha quintuplex'' Melvill, 1927 * ''Clavus regius'' Habe & Murakami, 1970: synonym of '' Drillia regia'' (Habe & Murakami, 1970) * ''Clavus undatus'' (Hedley, 1907): synonym of '' Austroclavus undatus'' (Hedley, 1907) * ''Clavus viduus'' (Reeve, 1845): synonym of '' Clavus unizonalis'' (Lamarck, 1822) ;Species inquirenda: * '' Clavus acuminata'' : ''species inquirenda'' * '' Clavus auriculifera'' Lamarck : ''species inquirenda'' The Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database adds the following species with names in current use : * '' Clavus siebenrocki'' (Sturany, 1903) ; Subgenus Clavus * '' Clavus intermaculatus'' (E. A. Smith, 1879)

References

* Montfort, 1810 onchyliologie systématique, 2: 434* Habe T. (1958). On the radulae of Japanese marine gastropods (4). Venus. 20(1): 43-60, pls 2-3

External links

KILBURN, RICHARD N.; FEDOSOV, ALEXANDER; KANTOR, YURI. The shallow-water New Caledonia Drilliidae of genus Clavus Montfort, 1810 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea). Zootaxa, [S.l.], v. 3818, n. 1, p. 1–69, jun. 2014. ISSN 1175-5334

WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base: family Drilliidae
{{taxonbar, from=Q5129696