''Cladophialophora'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

fungi A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...

in the family

Herpotrichiellaceae Herpotrichiellaceae is a family of ascomycetous fungi within the order Chaetothyriales and within the class Eurotiomycetes. It contains 16 genera and about 270 species. The type genus of the family, ''Herpotrichiella'', is now synonymous with '' ...

. It has 35 species. The genus contains

black yeast “Black yeasts”, sometimes also black fungi, dematiaceous fungi, microcolonial fungi or meristematic fungi is a diverse group of slow-growing microfungi which reproduce mostly asexually (fungi imperfecti). Only few genera reproduce by budding ...

-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare brain disease cerebral

phaeohyphomycosis Phaeohyphomycosis is a diverse group of fungal infections, caused by dematiaceous fungi whose morphologic characteristics in tissue include hyphae, yeast-like cells, or a combination of these. It can be associated an array of melanistic filamento ...

. ''

Cladophialophora carrionii ''Cladophialophora carrionii'' is a melanized fungus in the genus ''Cladophialophora'' that is associated with decaying plant material like cacti and wood. It is one of the most frequent species of ''Cladophialophora'' implicated in human diseas ...

'' is a common cause of

chromoblastomycosis Chromoblastomycosis is a long-term fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (a chronic subcutaneous mycosis). It can be caused by many different types of fungi which become implanted under the skin, often by thorns or splinters. C ...

semi-arid climate A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a dry climate sub-type. It is located on regions that receive precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate. There are different kinds of semi-ar ...

s. Some of the species are endophytes–associating with plants. For example, '' Cladophialophora yegresii'' is a

cactus A cactus (, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek ...

endophyte, which is sometimes introduced into humans via cactus spines.

Taxonomy

The genus was proposed in 1980 by Italian-born Venezuelan microbiologist and mycologist Dante Borelli. The

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

was assigned to '' Cladophialophora ajelloi'', which was isolated from a

Uganda }), is a landlocked country in East Africa East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territor ...

n case of chromomycosis.

Species

*'' Cladophialophora abundans'' *''

Cladophialophora arxii ''Cladophialophora arxii'' is a black yeast shaped dematiaceous fungus that is able to cause serious phaeohyphomycotic infections. ''C. arxii'' was first discovered in 1995 in Germany from a 22-year-old female patient suffering multiple granulo ...

'' *'' Cladophialophora australiensis'' *'' Cladophialophora bantiana'' *'' Cladophialophora boppii'' *'' Cladophialophora cabanerensis'' *''

'' *''

Cladophialophora chaetospira ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *''

Cladophialophora cladoniae ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *''

Cladophialophora devriesii ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *''

Cladophialophora emmonsii ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *''

Cladophialophora eucalypti ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *''

Cladophialophora exuberans ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *''

Cladophialophora floridana ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *''

Cladophialophora hawksworthii ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *''

Cladophialophora hostae ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *''

Cladophialophora humicola ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *''

Cladophialophora immunda ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. ''Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare b ...

'' *'' Cladophialophora matsushimae'' *'' Cladophialophora megalosporae'' *'' Cladophialophora minutissima'' *'' Cladophialophora modesta'' *'' Cladophialophora multiseptata'' *'' Cladophialophora mycetomatis'' *'' Cladophialophora normandinae'' *'' Cladophialophora parmeliae'' *'' Cladophialophora potulentorum'' *'' Cladophialophora psammophila'' *'' Cladophialophora pseudocarrionii'' *''

Cladophialophora pucciniophila ''Cladophialophora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. '' Cladophialophora bantiana'' causes the rare ...

'' *'' Cladophialophora samoensis'' *'' Cladophialophora saturnica'' *'' Cladophialophora scillae'' *'' Cladophialophora subtilis'' *'' Cladophialophora sylvestris'' *'' Cladophialophora tortuosa'' *'' Cladophialophora tumbae'' *'' Cladophialophora tumulicola'' *'' Cladophialophora yegresii''

References

Eurotiomycetes Eurotiomycetes genera Taxa described in 1980 {{Eurotiomycetes-stub