Circulus is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of very small and minute
sea snail
Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...
s with an
operculum,
marine
Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean.
Marine or marines may refer to:
Ocean
* Maritime (disambiguation)
* Marine art
* Marine biology
* Marine debris
* Marine habitats
* Marine life
* Marine pollution
Military
* ...
gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
s in the family
Vitrinellidae
Vitrinellidae is a family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Truncatelloidea.MolluscaBase (2018). Vitrinellidae Bush, 1897. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: h ...
.
[MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Circulus Jeffreys, 1865. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137626 on 2020-08-15]
Species
According to the
World Register of Marine Species
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms.
Content
The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialist ...
(WoRMS), the following species with valid names are included within the genus ''Circulus''
WoRMS : Circulus
accessed : 11 July 2011
* '' Circulus abruptus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus acuteliratus'' (Thiele, 1925)
* '' Circulus adrianrubioi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus aequatorialis'' (Thiele, 1925)
* '' Circulus alcocerae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus andreae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus andreiasalvadorae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus angulatus'' (A. Adams, 1850)
* '' Circulus antoniae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus asper''Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus austerus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus australesensis''Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus aximicrostriatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus basislevis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus bicarinatus'' (Lamarck, 1804)
* '' Circulus binodular'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus biporcatus'' (A. Adams, 1863)
* † '' Circulus bonneti'' (Cossmann, 1907)
* '' Circulus boucheti'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus cachoi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus caledonicus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus carinamagna'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus carmensalasae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus catenatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus chefyae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus choshiensis'' (Habe, 1961)
* '' Circulus cinguliferus'' (A. Adams, 1850)
* '' Circulus colluvius'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus communis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus congoensis'' (Thiele, 1925)
* '' Circulus convexstriatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus convexus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus coronatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus cosmius'' Bartsch, 1907
* '' Circulus cuatricarinatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus cultrorum'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus cumtectum'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus cycloma'' (Barnard, 1964)
* '' Circulus davidruedai'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus decemcords'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus delectabilis'' (Tate, 1899)
* '' Circulus delicatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus depressus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus deprinsi'' Rolán & Swinnen, 2013
* '' Circulus diaphanus'' (Finlay, 1924)
* '' Circulus discordant'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus discretus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus dispersus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus duplicarinus'' (Marwick, 1929)
* '' Circulus duplicatus'' (Lischke, 1872)
* † '' Circulus edomitus'' (Marwick, 1931)
* '' Circulus ellenstrongae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus enaulus'' Lozouet, 1998
* † '' Circulus estotensis'' Lozouet, 1998
* '' Circulus euchilopteron'' (Melvill & Standen, 1903)
* '' Circulus excellent'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus exempli'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus extensus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus fijiensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus fininspicor'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus fundatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus gofasi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus gracilis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus grignonensis'' (Deshayes, 1864)
* '' Circulus gyalum'' (Melvill, 1904)
* '' Circulus harriettae'' (Petterd, 1884)
* '' Circulus harrietwoodae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus hasegawai'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus helicoides'' (Hutton, 1877)
* '' Circulus horroi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus inchoatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus inesae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus inornatus'' P. Marshall, 1919
* † '' Circulus intermedius'' (Deshayes, 1862)
* '' Circulus irregularis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus iustus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus juanmai'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus juantrigoi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus julioalvarezi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus laevis'' (Kiener, 1838)
* '' Circulus lenticularis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus letourneuxi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus liratus'' (A. E. Verrill, 1882)
* '' Circulus liricinctus'' (Garrett, 1873)
* '' Circulus loyaltiensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus luciae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus lucidus'' (Cossmann, 1881)
* '' Circulus luquei'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus madagascarensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus maestrati'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus marchei'' (Jousseaume, 1872)
* '' Circulus marcosi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus maricarmenae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus marquesasensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus mayottensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus megalomphalus'' (Cossmann, 1919)
* † '' Circulus michaudi'' (Deshayes, 1862)
* '' Circulus microbliquus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus microlines'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus micronodular'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus microradiatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus microsculpturatus'' Oliver & Rolán, 2011
* '' Circulus microspiralis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus microstriatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus microtuberculatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus minituber'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus minutispiralis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus mitis'' (Deshayes, 1862)
* '' Circulus modestus'' (Gould, 1859)
* '' Circulus monocoronatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus monteiroi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus mortoni'' Ponder, 1994
* '' Circulus mozambiquensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus multicordatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus multiradiatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus multistriatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus murilloi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus nimis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus nitidus'' (Deshayes, 1862)
* '' Circulus novemcarinatus'' (Melvill, 1906)
* '' Circulus novemlicium'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus obesus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus octoliratus'' (Carpenter, 1856)
* '' Circulus oliveri'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus operius'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus orbignyi'' (P. Fischer, 1857)
* '' Circulus ordinatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus osfloridum'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus osingens'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus osmagnum'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus pamilacanensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus papuaensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus parallelus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus parcus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus paucicordatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus paulensis'' Lozouet, 1998
* '' Circulus pellucidus'' (E. A. Smith, 1910)
* '' Circulus penasi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus philippinensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus pilartarazonae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus pinsensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus planatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus planorbillus'' (Dujardin, 1837)
* '' Circulus planorbis'' (Laseron, 1958)
* † '' Circulus planorbularis'' (Deshayes, 1832)
* '' Circulus pluripunctus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus plurispiralis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus politus'' Suter, 1917 (accepted > unreplaced junior homonym, secondary homonym of ''Circulus politus'' (Morlet, 1888))
* † '' Circulus politus'' (Morlet, 1888)
* '' Circulus protobrevis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus prototuber'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus proximus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus pseudocarinatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus pseudopraecedens'' Adam & Knudsen, 1969
* '' Circulus pudicus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus punctuslinealis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus quinoneroi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus quinquecarinatus'' (Melvill, 1906)
* † '' Circulus rangii'' (Deshayes, 1862)
* '' Circulus retroconvexus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus reunionensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus robustus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus rolanorum'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus rosapereirae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus rosenbergi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus rossellinus'' Dall, 1919
* '' Circulus rudis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus rugospiralis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus rusticulus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus rusticus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus ryalli'' Oliver & Rolán, 2011
* '' Circulus sandrogorii'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus scaber'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus sculptilis'' (Garrett, 1873)
* '' Circulus sculpturatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus semisculptus'' (Olsson & McGinty, 1958)
* † '' Circulus semistriatus'' (Deshayes, 1862)
* '' Circulus senegalensis'' Adam & Knudsen, 1969
* '' Circulus serratus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus sexangulae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus sigaretornuformis'' Lozouet, 1998
* † '' Circulus similis'' (Deshayes, 1862)
* '' Circulus similiter'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus simongrovei'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus simplex'' (Briart & Cornet, 1887)
* '' Circulus simpliciter'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus sixcarinatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* ''Circulus smithi
Circulus may refer to:
* ''Circulus'' (album), 1970, by Chick Corea
*Circulus (band), a British psychedelic folk and progressive rock band
* ''Circulus'' (gastropod), a genus of sea snails
*Circulus (theory), a socioeconomics doctrine
*Circulus (z ...
'' Bush, 1897
* '' Circulus societyensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus solomonensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus soyoae'' (Habe, 1961)
* '' Circulus speciosus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus spiralis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus spirorbis'' (Lamarck, 1804)
* '' Circulus stephani'' Rolán & Ryall, 2002
* '' Circulus striatus'' (Philippi, 1836)
* '' Circulus structus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus suavis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus subcirculus'' (Cossmann & Peyrot, 1917)
* † '' Circulus subedomitus'' (Laws, 1936)
* '' Circulus subradiatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus subsuturalis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus subtatei'' (Suter, 1907)
* '' Circulus sulcatus'' (A. Adams, 1850)
* '' Circulus supranitidus'' (Wood S., 1848)
* '' Circulus susomendezi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus suspensus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus suturcaten'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus taiwanensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus tatei'' (Angas, 1879)
* '' Circulus templadoi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus tenuiliratus'' (Cossmann, 1915)
* '' Circulus tenuiradiatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus tenuistriatus'' (Deshayes, 1862)
* '' Circulus teramachii'' (Habe, 1958)
* ''Circulus texanus
Circulus may refer to:
* ''Circulus'' (album), 1970, by Chick Corea
*Circulus (band), a British psychedelic folk and progressive rock band
* ''Circulus'' (gastropod), a genus of sea snails
*Circulus (theory), a socioeconomics doctrine
*Circulus (z ...
'' (Moore, 1965)
* '' Circulus tongaensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus transculptus'' (Laseron, 1958)
* '' Circulus troncosoi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus tuberopertus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus umbilicordatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* † '' Circulus unicarinus'' (Laws, 1940)
* '' Circulus urgorrii'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus valdesculpturatus'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus vanuatuensis'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus venustus'' (Hedley, 1901)
* '' Circulus victormonzoi'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus villacampae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
* '' Circulus virginiae'' (Jousseaume, 1872)
* '' Circulus virginieherosae'' Rubio & Rolán, 2022
The Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database also mentions the following species with names in current use :Cyclostremiscus cerrosensis
''Cyclostremiscus'' is a genus of small sea snails in the family Tornidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.ph ...
'' (Bartsch, 1907)
* ''Circulus cingulatus'' Bartrum, 1919 † accepted as '' Pterolabrella cingulata'' (Bartrum, 1919) †
* ''Circulus costulatus'' Locard, 1889: synonym of ''Circulus striatus'' (Philippi, 1836)
* ''Circulus cubanus'' Pilsbry & Aguayo, 1933: synonym of '' Cyclostremiscus cubanus'' (Pilsbry & Aguayo, 1933)
* ''Circulus dalli'' Bush, 1897: synonym of ''Cyclostremiscus dalli
''Cyclostremiscus'' is a genus of small sea snails in the family Tornidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.ph ...
'' (Bush, 1897)
* ''Circulus delectabile'' (Tate, 1899) accepted as ''Circulus delectabilis'' (Tate, 1899) (unaccepted > incorrect grammatical agreement of specific epithet)
* ''Circulus diomedeae'' Bartsch, 1911 accepted as ''Cyclostremiscus diomedeae
''Cyclostremiscus'' is a genus of small sea snails in the family Tornidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.ph ...
'' (Bartsch, 1911)
* ''Circulus formosissimus'' Brugnone, 1873: synonym of '' Skeneoides jeffreysii'' (Monterosato, 1872)
* ''Circulus hendersoni'' (Dall, 1927): synonym of ''Cyclostremiscus hendersoni
''Cyclostremiscus'' is a genus of small sea snails in the family Tornidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.ph ...
'' (Dall, 1927)
* ''Circulus jeffreysii'' Monterosato, 1872: synonym of '' Skeneoides jeffreysii'' (Monterosato, 1872)
* ''Circulus madreensis'' F. Baker, Hanna & A. M. Strong, 1938 accepted as '' Cyclostremiscus madreensis'' (F. Baker, Hanna & A. M. Strong, 1938)
* ''Circulus margaritiformis'' (Dall, 1927): synonym of '' Cirsonella margaritiformis'' (Dall, 1927)
* ''Circulus modesta'' ic synonym of '' Circulus modestus'' (Gould, 1859)
* ''Circulus nicholsoni'' A. M. Strong & Hertlein, 1939 accepted as '' Episcynia nicholsoni'' (A. M. Strong & Hertlein, 1939)
* ''Circulus perlatus'' Pelseneer, 1903 accepted as '' Orbitestella perlata'' (Pelseneer, 1903) (original combination)
* ''Circulus sarsi'' (Bush, 1897) accepted as '' Orbitestella sarsi'' (Bush, 1897)
* ''Circulus stirophorus'' M. Smith, 1937: synonym of ''Cyclostremiscus beauii
''Cyclostremiscus'' is a genus of small sea snails in the family Tornidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.ph ...
'' (P. Fischer, 1857)
* * ''Circulus taigai'' Hertlein & A. M. Strong, 1951 accepted as ''Cyclostremiscus taigai
''Cyclostremiscus'' is a genus of small sea snails in the family Tornidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.ph ...
'' (Hertlein & A. M. Strong, 1951)
* ''Circulus tornata'' ic synonym of ''Circulus tornatus'' (A. Adams, 1864)
* ''Circulus tornatus'' (A. Adams, 1864): synonym of '' Tuberes tornatus'' (A. Adams, 1864) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
* ''Circulus translucens'' (Dall, 1927): synonym of '' Xyloskenea translucens'' (Dall, 1927)
* ''Circulus tricarinatus'' (Wood S., 1848): synonym of accepted as ''Circulus striatus'' (Philippi, 1836)
References
* Kuroda T. & Habe T. 1952. Check list and bibliography of the Recent marine Mollusca of Japan. Leo W. Stach, Tokyo. 210 pp
* Habe, T. (1961). Descriptions of fifteen new species of Japanese shells. Venus. 21(4): 416-431.
* Oliver, J. & Rolan, E., 2011. The family Tornidae (Gsatropoda: Rissooidea) in the East Atlantic, 2. Circulinae. Iberus 29(1): 9-33
* Rubio, F. & Rolán, E. (2022). New species of Vitrinellidae (Gastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Indo-Pacific. The genus Circulus Jeffreys, 1865. Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Santiago de Compostela. 422 pp.
External links
Iredale, T. (1915). A commentary on Suter's Manual of the New Zealand Mollusca. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 47: 417-497
Kuroda, T. & Habe, T. (1954). On some Japanese Mollusca described by A. Adams, whose specimens are deposited in the Redpath Museum of Canada (No. 1). Venus. 18(1): 1-16, pls 1-2.
effreys J.G. (1862-1869). British conchology. Vol. 1: pp. cxiv + 341 (1862). Vol. 2: pp. 479 (1864). Vol. 3: pp. 394 (1865). Vol. 4: pp. 487 (1867). Vol. 5: pp. 259 (1869). London, van Voorst.
Ponder, W.F. (1994).The anatomy relationships of three species of vitrinelliform gastropods (Caenogastropoda: Rissooidea) from Hong Kong. In: Proceedings of the Third International workshop on the malacofauna of Hong Kong and Southern China (Eds. Motrton, B.). The malacofauna of Hong Kong and southern China III, pp243-281. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong
Vitrinellidae
Gastropod genera
{{Caenogastropoda-stub