''Chthonos'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of South American ray spiders that was created by

Jonathan A. Coddington Jonathan A. Coddington is an American museum scientist and biologist. From 2009 to 2014 he was the Associate Director for Science at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), located in Washington, D.C., United States. , he is th ...

in 1986 because the previous name was preoccupied. Originally placed with the

Orb-weaver_spider Orb-weaver spiders are members of the spider family Araneidae. They are the most common group of builders of spiral wheel-shaped webs often found in gardens, fields, and forests. The English word "orb" can mean "circular", hence the English name ...

s under the name ''Tecmessa'', it was transferred to the ray spiders in 1986.

Species

it contains five species, found in

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

, and

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...

: *'' Chthonos kuyllur'' Dupérré & Tapia, 2017 –

*'' Chthonos pectorosa'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882) ( type) –

*''

Chthonos peruana ''Chthonos'' is a genus of South American ray spiders that was created by Jonathan A. Coddington in 1986 because the previous name was preoccupied. Originally placed with the Orb-weaver_spiders under the name ''Tecmessa'', it was transferred to t ...

'' ( Keyserling, 1886) –

*''

Chthonos quinquemucronata ''Chthonos'' is a genus of South American ray spiders that was created by Jonathan A. Coddington in 1986 because the previous name was preoccupied. Originally placed with the Orb-weaver_spiders under the name ''Tecmessa'', it was transferred to t ...

'' (

Simon Simon may refer to: People * Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon * Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon * Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...

, 1893) – Brazil *''

Chthonos tuberosa ''Chthonos'' is a genus of South American ray spiders that was created by Jonathan A. Coddington in 1986 because the previous name was preoccupied. Originally placed with the Orb-weaver_spiders under the name ''Tecmessa'', it was transferred to t ...

'' (Keyserling, 1886) – Brazil Formerly included: *''C. tetrabuna'' (Archer, 1965) (Transferred to ''

Ogulnius ''Ogulnius'' is a genus of ray spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1882. Species it contains eighteen species, found in the Caribbean, South America, Asia, and Panama: *'' Ogulnius barbandrewsi'' Miller, Griswold & ...

'')

Species

See also

References

Further reading