Chrysso Bimaculata
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''Chrysso'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1882. ''C. pulcherrima'' is pantropical, ''C. spiniventris'' has been introduced to Europe, and ''C. nordica'' occurs both in
North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...
and in Asia from Hungary to Mongolia.


Description

Many species are strikingly colored, but like most theridiids, the coloration is variable. ''C. compressa''has a striking black sternum and abdomen, but the venter of Brazilian species is black, while those of Peru are yellow. ''C. venusta'' has been observed to rapidly change its color when disturbed. Females are about long, and have blade-like hairs on the tip of the abdomen.


Species

it contains sixty-four species, mostly found in the
Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with th ...
and Asia: *'' C. albomaculata'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 (
type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Ty ...
) – USA, Caribbean to Brazil *'' C. alecula'' Levi, 1962Panama *'' C. anei'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995Philippines *'' C. angula'' ( Tikader, 1970)India *'' C. antonio'' Levi, 1962Brazil *'' C. arima'' Levi, 1962Trinidad *'' C. arops'' Levi, 1962 – Brazil *'' C. backstromi'' ( Berland, 1924)Chile (Juan Fernandez Is.) *'' C. barrosmachadoi''
Caporiacco Ludovico di Caporiacco (22 January 1900, in Udine – 18 July 1951, in Parma) was an Italian arachnologist. Caporiacco took part in an expedition to the Jebel Uweinat, a mountain massif in the boundary region of Sudan, Libya, and Egypt. On t ...
, 1955
Venezuela *'' C. bicuspidata'' Zhang & Zhang, 2012
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
*'' C. bifurca'' Zhang & Zhang, 2012 – China *'' C. bimaculata'' Yoshida, 1998 – China,
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
*'' C. calima'' Buckup & Marques, 1992 – Brazil *'' C. cambridgei'' ( Petrunkevitch, 1911) – Mexico to Venezuela *'' C. caudigera'' Yoshida, 1993 – China, Taiwan *'' C. compressa'' (
Keyserling Keyserling is the surname of several members of the noble House of Keyserlingk: * Alexander Keyserling (1815–1891), Russian geologist, paleontologist, botanist and zoologist * Eugen von Keyserling (1833–1889), German arachnologist * Hermann ...
, 1884)
Peru, Brazil *'' C. cyclocera'' Zhu, 1998 – China *'' C. dentaria'' Gao & Li, 2014 – China *'' C. diplosticha'' Chamberlin &
Ivie Ivie is a given name and surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name *Ivie Anderson (1904–1949), American jazz singer *Ivie Okujaye (born 1987), Nigerian actress and television producer *Ivie Richardson (1895–1960), South Africa ...
, 1936
– Panama to Peru *'' C. ecuadorensis'' Levi, 1957 – Colombia to Bolivia *'' C. fanjingshan'' Song, Zhang & Zhu, 2006 – China *'' C. foliata'' ( L. Koch, 1878)Russia (Far East), China, Korea, Japan *'' C. gounellei'' Levi, 1962 – Brazil *'' C. hejunhuai'' Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China *'' C. huae'' Tang, Yin & Peng, 2003 – China *'' C. huanuco'' Levi, 1957 – Peru *'' C. hyoshidai'' Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China *'' C. indicifera'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 – Panama to Peru *'' C. intervales'' Gonzaga, Leiner & Santos, 2006 – Brazil *'' C. isumbo'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines *'' C. lativentris'' Yoshida, 1993 – China, Korea, Taiwan *'' C. lingchuanensis'' Zhu & Zhang, 1992 – China *'' C. longshanensis'' Yin, 2012 – China *'' C. mariae'' Levi, 1957 – Peru *'' C. melba'' Levi, 1962 – Panama *'' C. nigriceps'' Keyserling, 1884
Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...
, Ecuador *'' C. nigrosterna'' Keyserling, 1891 – Brazil *'' C. nordica'' (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947)France, Hungary, Ukraine, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Mongolia,
North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...
*'' C. orchis'' Yoshida, Tso & Severinghaus, 2000 – Taiwan *'' C. oxycera'' Zhu & Song, 1993 – China *'' C. pelyx'' (Levi, 1957) – USA *'' C. pulchra'' (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil *'' C. questona'' Levi, 1962
Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...
, Panama, Trinidad *'' C. rubrovittata'' (Keyserling, 1884) – Brazil, Argentina *'' C. sasakii'' Yoshida, 2001 – Japan *'' C. scintillans'' ( Thorell, 1895)
Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...
, India, China, Korea, Japan, Philippines *'' C. sicki'' Levi, 1957 – Brazil *'' C. silva'' Levi, 1962 – Panama *'' C. simoni'' Levi, 1962 – Venezuela *'' C. subrapula'' Zhu, 1998 – China *'' C. sulcata'' (Keyserling, 1884) – Peru,
Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...
, Brazil *'' C. tiboli'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines *'' C. trimaculata'' Zhu, Zhang & Xu, 1991 – China, Taiwan, Thailand *'' C. trispinula'' Zhu, 1998 – China *'' C. urbasae'' (Tikader, 1970) – India *'' C. vallensis'' Levi, 1957 – Panama *'' C. vexabilis'' Keyserling, 1884 – Panama to Argentina *'' C. viridiventris'' Yoshida, 1996 – Taiwan, Japan (Ryukyu Is.) *'' C. vitra'' Zhu, 1998 – China *'' C. vittatula'' ( Roewer, 1942) – Colombia to Bolivia *'' C. volcanensis'' Levi, 1962 – Costa Rica, Panama *'' C. wangi'' Zhu, 1998 – China *'' C. wenxianensis'' Zhu, 1998 – China *'' C. yulingu'' Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China Formerly included: *''C. acrobeles'' (Thorell, 1895) (Transferred to ''
Coleosoma ''Coleosoma'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1882. Species it contains ten species, found all over the world: *'' Coleosoma acutiventer'' ( Keyserling, 1884) – USA to Argentina *''C ...
'') *''C. albipes'' (Saito, 1935) (Transferred to ''
Chikunia ''Chikunia'' is a genus of Asian comb-footed spiders that was first described by H. Yoshida in 2009. These spiders are small, often dark or orange colored. This species can be found in solidarity, though they can also be found in colonies. Co ...
'') *''C. argyrodiformis'' (Yaginuma, 1952) (Transferred to ''
Meotipa ''Meotipa'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1895. Species it contains eighteen species, found in Asia, Papua New Guinea, and on the Pacific Islands: *'' Meotipa andamanensis'' ( Tikader, 1977 ...
'') *''C. conigerum'' (Simon, 1914) (Transferred to ''
Achaeridion ''Achaeridion'' is a monotypic genus of comb-footed spiders containing the single species, ''Achaeridion conigerum''. It was first described by J. Wunderlich in 2008, and is found in Europe. See also * List of Theridiidae species This page l ...
'') *''C. jianglensis'' Zhu & Song, 1993 (Transferred to ''Meotipa'') *''C. maronica'' Caporiacco, 1954 (Transferred to ''
Cryptachaea ''Cryptachaea'' is a genus of spiders in the Theridiidae (tangle web spider) family. Taxonomy Many species in this genus used to reside in ''Achaearanea'', which received a major revision in 2008.Platnick 2009 The genus was originally establish ...
'') *''C. octomaculata'' (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) (Transferred to ''Coleosoma'') *''C. pentagona'' Caporiacco, 1954 (Transferred to '' Achaearanea'') *''C. picturata'' (Simon, 1895) (Transferred to ''Meotipa'') *''C. rapula'' (Yaginuma, 1960) (Transferred to ''Chikunia'') *''C. shimenensis'' Tang, Yin & Peng, 2003 (Transferred to '' Thwaitesia'') *''C. sikkimensis'' (Tikader, 1970) (Transferred to ''
Linyphia ''Linyphia'' is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804. The name is Greek, and means "thread-weaver" or "linen maker". Species it contains seventy-eight species, found in Albania, Algeria, Argent ...
'') *''C. vesiculosa'' (Simon, 1895) (Transferred to ''Meotipa'')


See also

* List of Theridiidae species


References


External links

* Guide to Common Singapore Spiders
Pictures of spiders and their webs
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2967436 Araneomorphae genera Pantropical spiders Taxa named by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge Theridiidae