Christoph Friedrich von Engelhardt (russian: Фёдор-Христофор Антонович Энгельгардт,
tr. ) (March 18, 1762 in
Riga
Riga (; lv, Rīga , liv, Rīgõ) is the capital and largest city of Latvia and is home to 605,802 inhabitants which is a third of Latvia's population. The city lies on the Gulf of Riga at the mouth of the Daugava river where it meets the Ba ...
,
Russian Empire – June 29, 1831 in Riga) was a
Baltic German general and a hero of the storming of
Izmail during the
Russo-Turkish War of 1787-1792.
Early career
Engelhardt was born a member of the noble family
Engelhardt Engelhardt may refer to:
Places
*4217 Engelhardt, asteroid, named after geologist Wolf von Engelhardt
* Engel'gardt, moon crater, named after astronomer Vasily Engelhardt
*Engelhardt Ice Ridge, Antarctic feature, named after geophysicist Hermann En ...
. He entered the army in the
Life Guards Regiment of the Transfiguration on June 25, 1781 (or on March 3, 1781 according to some sources). He was appointed on January 2 of the following year an adjutant in the headquarters of Prince
Grigory Potemkin. Engelhardt, who was also carried on the roll of the Novotroitskoye Cuirassier Regiment, was often used as a courier of messages between ministers of the Russian Cabinet and their counterparts in Germany and England.
In April 1784, Engelhardt was made Potemkin's adjutant general, and on June 26 of that year was transferred to the Smolensk Dragoon Regiment.
Second Turkish War
Engelhardt was sent in January 1787 to serve on the
Caucasus front under Lieutenant General
Pavel Potemkin, and they fought the
Chechens at the
Terek River during the
Russian conquest of the Caucasus, then took part in the Russo-Turkish War of 1787-1792. He was at the conquest of the cities of
Bender and
Kiliya, in a battle with a Turkish fleet on the Danube, and in the storming and capture of Izmail. On March 25, 1791, he was promoted to colonel and awarded the
Order of St. George, fourth degree.
Polish uprising
Engelhardt fought in Lithuania during the
1792 Polish campaign. Commanding a detached corps during the
Kościuszko Uprising
The Kościuszko Uprising, also known as the Polish Uprising of 1794 and the Second Polish War, was an uprising against the Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia led by Tadeusz Kościuszko in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Pr ...
, he destroyed the Polish insurgents at
Białystok
Białystok is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is the tenth-largest city in Poland, second in terms of population density, and thirteenth in area.
Białystok is located in the Białystok Up ...
in May 1794. In October he took part in the
Battle of Maciejowice which resulted in the capture of
Kościuszko and all his staff, and for which he was awarded the Golden Sword with the inscription "For Bravery" on October 26. In November came the
storming of the Warsaw suburb of Praga and the fall of Warsaw. For protection of a bridge during this battle, Engelhardt was awarded the
Order of St. Vladimir
The Imperial Order of Saint Prince Vladimir (russian: орден Святого Владимира) was an Imperial Russian order established on by Empress Catherine II in memory of the deeds of Saint Vladimir, the Grand Prince and the Baptizer ...
, third degree.
Napoleonic wars
January 20, 1795, by decision of the State Military Board, Engelhardt was dismissed from the service for ill health with the rank of
brigadier.
During the 1806
War of the Fourth Coalition against Napoleon, Engelhardt was commander of the
Livonia Zemstvo police guarding the border with East Prussia. During the
1812 campaign, Engelhardt led a force of volunteers and participated in the defense of
Riga
Riga (; lv, Rīga , liv, Rīgõ) is the capital and largest city of Latvia and is home to 605,802 inhabitants which is a third of Latvia's population. The city lies on the Gulf of Riga at the mouth of the Daugava river where it meets the Ba ...
against the French under
Marshal Macdonald; in recognition of his service, he was awarded the
Order of St. Anne, second degree with diamonds.
Engelhardt died of cholera in Riga on June 29, 1831.
Other sources
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External links
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Engelhardt, Fyodor
1762 births
1831 deaths
Imperial Russian Army generals
Russian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
Russian people of the Polish–Russian War of 1792
Russian people of the Kościuszko Uprising
Fyodor