Chornobaivka ( uk, Чорнобаївка, Chornobayivka, ) is a suburban

village A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to ...

Kherson Raion Kherson Raion ( uk, Херсонський район, russian: Херсонский район) is a raion (district) of Kherson Oblast, Ukraine. It was created in July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. The cente ...

Kherson Oblast Kherson Oblast ( uk, Херсо́нська о́бласть, translit=Khersónsʹka óblastʹ, ), also known as Khersonshchyna ( uk, Херсо́нщина, ), is an oblast (province) in southern Ukraine, currently claimed and partly occupied ...

, southern

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

. It is the center of the

village council A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, rural counc ...

. It hosts the administration of the

Chornobaivka rural hromada The Chornobaivka rural hromada is an amalgamated hromada in Ukraine, in Kherson Raion of Kherson Oblast. Its administrative center is Chornobaivka. Population: Settlements The hromada contains 9 settlements: Barvinok, Blahodatne, Zelenyi ...

, one of the

hromada A hromada ( uk, територіальна громада, lit=territorial community, translit=terytorialna hromada) is a basic unit of administrative division in Ukraine, similar to a municipality. It was established by the Government of Ukra ...

s of Ukraine.

Kherson International Airport Kherson International Airport ( uk, Міжнародний аеропорт Херсон; ) is a civil and military airport serving the city of Kherson, Ukraine. It is located at Chornobaivka, in Kherson Oblast, on the north-west outskirts of th ...

is situated in Chornobaivka.

History

Founding

Chornobaivka was founded officially on August 18, 1782, by the

Zaporozhian Sich The Zaporozhian Sich ( ua, Запорозька Січ, ; also uk, Вольностi Вiйська Запорозького Низового, ; Free lands of the Zaporozhian Host the Lower) was a semi-autonomous polity and proto-state of Cos ...

Cossack Petro Chornobay, after he received a plot of land from

Catherine II , en, Catherine Alexeievna Romanova, link=yes , house = , father = Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst , mother = Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp , birth_date = , birth_name = Princess Sophie of Anha ...

. The settlement's name is derived from him.

Development

Chornobaivka grew slowly. From the documents of the Kherson provincial

zemstvo A ''zemstvo'' ( rus, земство, p=ˈzʲɛmstvə, plural ''zemstva'' – rus, земства) was an institution of local government set up during the great emancipation reform of 1861 carried out in Imperial Russia by Emperor Alexander ...

, it is known that in 1859 the village had 60 yards, in which 239 people lived. The main income of Chornobaivka's inhabitants was the extraction of

limestone Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms whe ...

. There were no trade enterprises on the farms at that time, except for wine shops. Healthcare resources were limited. The first school was opened in the late nineteenth century and was attended by 26 boys and 6 girls. In 1902, a primary school for a small number of children was opened in Chornobayiv Khutory.

World War II

During

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

occupied Chornobaivka starting 9 August, 1941. In 1942, the Nazis began forcibly deporting the town's young people back to Germany. Over the occupation, 242 people were deported and pressed to do forced labor. Eventually, on 14 March, 1944, the

295th Rifle Division The 295th Rifle Division () was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army and later the Soviet Army, formed twice. The 295th's first formation was formed in the summer of 1941 and destroyed within months during the Battle of Kiev. Refo ...

of the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...

liberated the village.

Late 20th century and Ukrainian independence

Throughout the early 1970s, "radical" development took place in Chornobaivka. Five main streets were paved with asphalt, new houses were built, a water system was laid out, and a radio network was formed. In 2006, Kherson Airport, located in Chornobaivka, received international status.

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

In the early stages of the

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which began in 2014. The invasion has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths on both sides. It has caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. An ...

Russian forces The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (, ), commonly referred to as the Russian Armed Forces, are the Military, military forces of Russia. In terms of Active duty, active-duty personnel, they are the List of countries by number of milita ...

took control of the airport. According to Ukrainian sources, Russian generals Andrei Mordvichev and

Yakov Rezantsev Yakov Vladimirovich Rezantsev (russian: Яков Владимирович Резанцев; 4 January 1973) was a Russian lieutenant general (two-star rank). He has commanded the 49th Army of the Southern Military District. According to Ukra ...

were killed in a series of Ukrainian strikes on Chornobaivka. However, the Ukrainian claims of Mordvichev's death were rebutted after Mordvichev was confirmed alive after a video showing him meeting

Ramzan Kadyrov Ramzan Akhmadovich Kadyrov ce, КъадаргӀеран Ахьмат-кӏант Рамзан, translit= (born 5 October 1976) is a Russian politician who currently serves as the Head of the Chechen Republic. He was formerly affiliated to the ...

in Mariupol. Rezantsev's death, however, remains unconfirmed. The town was liberated by Ukrainian troops on 11 November 2022.

Geography

Chornobaivka is located in the south of Ukraine within the steppe zone on the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Roma ...

lowland of the

Eastern European plain The East European Plain (also called the Russian Plain, "Extending from eastern Poland through the entire European Russia to the Ural Mountaina, the ''East European Plain'' encompasses all of the Baltic states and Belarus, nearly all of Ukraine, an ...

. The settlement is located 10 km from the regional center. The physical distance to

Kyiv Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...

is 414 km.

Transportation

Chornobaivka can be reached by minibus № 101.

Climate

Notable people

Aleksey Kirichenko Aleksey Illarionovich Kirichenko uk, Олексій Іларіонович Кириченко, translit=Oleksii Ilarionovych Kyrychenko ( – 28 December 1975) was a Soviet Ukrainian politician, who was the first ethnic Ukrainian to head the re ...

, Soviet politician. * , writer and humorist. * , Soviet and Ukrainian innovator of agricultural production, twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1966, 1986). Hero of Ukraine (2002).

Demographics

According to the 2001 census, 9275 people lived in the village. The native language distribution of Chornobaivka in 2001 was:

References

Bibliography

* {{authority control Villages in Kherson Raion Populated places established in 1782 Chornobaivka rural hromada Khersonsky Uyezd