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Chondrosteidae is a
Chondrosteidae is a family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
of extinct marine actinopterygian
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species.
The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or ho ...
fishes in the order Acipenseriformes
Acipenseriformes is an order of basal ray-finned fishes that includes living and fossil sturgeons and paddlefishes (Acipenseroidei), as well as the extinct families Chondrosteidae and Peipiaosteidae. They are the second earliest div ...
. Three genera are known from the Early Jurassic of Europe, '' Chondrosteus'', ''Gyrosteus
''Gyrosteus'' is an extinct genus of very large ray-finned fish belonging to the family Chondrosteidae. It comprises the type species,
''Gyrosteus mirabilis'', which lived during the early Toarcian (Late Early Jurassic) in what is now northern E ...
'', and ''Strongylosteus
''Strongylosteus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the early Toarcian age of the Early Jurassic epoch.Hennig, E. (1925). ''Chondrosteus Hindenburgi'' Pomp.---Ein «Stör» des württembergischen Ölschiefers ...
''. Included species were of large size, with body lengths ranging from up to . Their skeleton was largely made up of bones (unlike living chondrosteans), but ossification
Ossification (also called osteogenesis or bone mineralization) in bone remodeling is the process of laying down new bone material by cells named osteoblasts. It is synonymous with bone tissue formation. There are two processes resulting in t ...
was reduced compared to other ray-fins.
Evolutionary relationships
Chondrosteidae are related with the Late Jurassic toEarly Cretaceous
The Early Cretaceous ( geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphic name), is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous. It is usually considered to stretch from 145 Ma to 100.5 Ma.
Geology
Pro ...
Asian
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* Items from or related to the continent of Asia:
** Asian people, people in or descending from Asia
** Asian culture, the culture of the people from Asia
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family Peipiaosteidae
Peipiaosteidae is an extinct family of fish, known from the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of Asia. They are members of Acipenseriformes, related to sturgeons (Acipenseridae) and paddlefish (Polyodontidae). Fossils have been found in freshwate ...
, and with living sturgeon
Sturgeon is the common name for the 27 species of fish belonging to the family Acipenseridae. The earliest sturgeon fossils date to the Late Cretaceous
The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretace ...
and paddlefish
Paddlefish (family Polyodontidae) are a family of ray-finned fish belonging to order Acipenseriformes, and one of two living groups of the order alongside sturgeons (Acipenseridae). They are distinguished from other fish by their titular elongla ...
( Acipenseroidei). The Early Triassic
The Early Triassic is the first of three epochs of the Triassic Period of the geologic timescale. It spans the time between Ma and Ma (million years ago). Rocks from this epoch are collectively known as the Lower Triassic Series, which is a un ...
''Eochondrosteus
''Eochondrosteus'' is a genus of extinct actinopterygian (ray-finned fish), comprising one species, ''E. sinensis'' (monotypy) from the Early Triassic strata in Gansu Province (Beishan Hills), China (previously interpreted as Permian in age). It ...
'' from China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
is more basal than all other aforementioned acipenseriforms.
See also
*Prehistoric fish
The evolution of fish began about 530 million years ago during the Cambrian explosion. It was during this time that the early chordates developed the skull and the vertebral column, leading to the first craniates and vertebrates. The first fish ...
* List of prehistoric bony fish
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to:
People
* List (surname)
Organizations
* List College
Albert A. List College of Jewish Studies, known simply as List College, is the undergraduate school of the J ...
References
External links
* Acipenseriformes Fossils of Great Britain Jurassic fish of Europe Jurassic bony fish {{Jurassic-fish-stub Prehistoric ray-finned fish families