Cheb (; german: Eger) is a town in the
Karlovy Vary Region
The Karlovy Vary Region or Carlsbad Region ( cs, Karlovarský kraj, German: ''Karlsbader Region'') is an administrative unit ( cs, kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the westernmost part of its historical region of Bohemia. It is named after ...
of the
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...
. It has about 30,000 inhabitants. It lies on the river
Ohře
The Ohře () or, slightly less commonly in English sources, the Eger (, Czech also: ''Oharka'' or ''Ohara'', Celtic: ''Agara'', pl, Ohrza), is a 316 km river in Germany (50 km) and the Czech Republic (266 km), left tributary of t ...
.
Before the 1945
expulsion of the German-speaking population, the town was the centre of the German-speaking region known as
Egerland
The Egerland ( cs, Chebsko; german: Egerland; Egerland German dialect: ''Eghalånd'') is a historical region in the far north west of Bohemia in what is today the Czech Republic, at the border with Germany. It is named after the German name ''Eg ...
, part of the
Northern Austro-Bavarian dialect area. The town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an
urban monument reservation.
Administrative parts
Cheb is divided into the following parts:
* Bříza
* Cetnov
* Cheb
* Chvoječná
* Dolní Dvory
* Dřenice
* Háje
* Horní Dvory
* Hradiště
* Hrozňatov
* Jindřichov
* Klest
* Loužek
* Pelhřimov
* Podhoří
* Podhrad
* Skalka
* Střížov
* Tršnice
Name and etymology
The name of the town was in 1061 recorded as ''Egire''; in 1179 it was known as ''Egra''; from 1322 as ''Eger'' and the surrounding territory as ''Regio Egere'' and ''Provincia Egrensis''; after the 14th century also as ''Cheb'' or ''Chba''. From 1850 it was given the twin official names of ''Eger'' and ''Cheb''.
The name of Cheb is derived from the old-Czech word ''heb'' (modern-Czech ''oheb, ohyb''), which means "bend". It is related to bends of the river
Ohře
The Ohře () or, slightly less commonly in English sources, the Eger (, Czech also: ''Oharka'' or ''Ohara'', Celtic: ''Agara'', pl, Ohrza), is a 316 km river in Germany (50 km) and the Czech Republic (266 km), left tributary of t ...
.
Geography
Cheb is located about southwest of
Karlovy Vary
Karlovy Vary (; german: Karlsbad, formerly also spelled ''Carlsbad'' in English) is a spa town, spa city in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 46,000 inhabitants. It lies on the confluence of the rivers Ohře and Teplá. ...
on the border with
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
. The town lies on the river
Ohře
The Ohře () or, slightly less commonly in English sources, the Eger (, Czech also: ''Oharka'' or ''Ohara'', Celtic: ''Agara'', pl, Ohrza), is a 316 km river in Germany (50 km) and the Czech Republic (266 km), left tributary of t ...
. The northern and western parts of the municipal territory lie in the
Fichtel Mountains; the rest of the territory lies in the
Cheb Basin
Cheb (; german: Eger) is a town in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 30,000 inhabitants. It lies on the river Ohře.
Before the 1945 expulsion of the German-speaking population, the town was the centre of the German ...
, named after the town. The highest point is the hill Zelená hora, at .
There are two large
reservoirs
A reservoir (; from French ''réservoir'' ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam. Such a dam may be either artificial, built to store fresh water or it may be a natural formation.
Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including control ...
in the municipal territory: Skalka (northeast of the town and fed by the Ohře) and Jesenice (southeast of the town and fed by the
Wondreb
The Wondreb ( cz, Odrava) is a river in Bavaria, Germany and Karlovy Vary Region, Czech Republic. It flows into the Ohře (''Eger'') near the village Odrava.
See also
*List of rivers of Bavaria
A list of rivers of Bavaria, Germany:
A
* Aalba ...
). There are also several small ponds, especially in the southern part of the territory.
Climate
History
The earliest settlement in the area was a
Slavic gord at what is now known as the Cheb Castle complex, north of the town centre. In 807 the district of today's Cheb was included in the new
margraviate of
East Franconia
Franconia (german: Franken, ; Franconian dialect: ''Franggn'' ; bar, Frankn) is a region of Germany, characterised by its culture and Franconian dialect (German: ''Fränkisch'').
The three administrative regions of Lower, Middle and Upper F ...
, which belonged at first to the
Babenbergs, but from 906 to the margraves (marquis) of
Vohburg
Vohburg (Central Bavarian: ''Vohbuag an da Doana'') is a town in the district of Pfaffenhofen, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the right bank of the Danube, 14 km east of Ingolstadt.
Famous persons
*Bertha of Vohburg
*Diepold III ...
.
Děpolt II
Děpolt II (1150s – 21 November 1190), also known as Diepold II ( modern English ''Theobald''), was a Bohemian nobleman from the cadet branch of the Přemyslid dynasty and the leader of the Bohemian troop in the Third Crusade.
Life
Děpolt II ...
built the castle about which the town then grew. In 1179
town status was achieved. In 1149, by the marriage of
Adelaide of Vohburg
Adelaide of Vohburg (german: Adela or ''Adelheid''; – 25 May after 1187) was Duchess of Swabia from 1147 and German queen from 1152 until 1153, as the first wife of the Hohenstaufen king Frederick Barbarossa, the later Holy Roman Emperor.
Lif ...
to the Emperor
Frederick I Frederick I may refer to:
* Frederick of Utrecht or Frederick I (815/16–834/38), Bishop of Utrecht.
* Frederick I, Duke of Upper Lorraine (942–978)
* Frederick I, Duke of Swabia (1050–1105)
* Frederick I, Count of Zoll ...
, Eger (Cheb) came into the possession of the
House of Swabia
The Hohenstaufen dynasty (, , ), also known as the Staufer, was a noble family of unclear origin that rose to rule the Duchy of Swabia from 1079, and to List of German monarchs, royal rule in the Holy Roman Empire during the Middle Ages from 1138 ...
, and remained in the hands of the
Holy Roman Emperors
The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans ( la, Imperator Romanorum, german: Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period ( la, Imperat ...
until the early 13th century, during which time it became an
Imperial Free City
In the Holy Roman Empire, the collective term free and imperial cities (german: Freie und Reichsstädte), briefly worded free imperial city (', la, urbs imperialis libera), was used from the fifteenth century to denote a self-ruling city that ...
.
In 1265, it was taken by the King
Ottokar II of Bohemia
Ottokar II ( cs, Přemysl Otakar II.; , in Městec Králové, Bohemia – 26 August 1278, in Dürnkrut, Lower Austria), the Iron and Golden King, was a member of the Přemyslid dynasty who reigned as King of Bohemia from 1253 until his deat ...
, who retained it for eleven years. After being repeatedly transferred from one power to the other, according to the preponderance of the
Kingdom of Bohemia
The Kingdom of Bohemia ( cs, České království),; la, link=no, Regnum Bohemiae sometimes in English literature referred to as the Czech Kingdom, was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe, the predecessor of the modern Czec ...
or the
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a Polity, political entity in Western Europe, Western, Central Europe, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, dissolution i ...
, the town and territory were finally incorporated into Bohemia in 1322, under
John of Bohemia
John the Blind or John of Luxembourg ( lb, Jang de Blannen; german: link=no, Johann der Blinde; cz, Jan Lucemburský; 10 August 1296 – 26 August 1346), was the Count of Luxembourg from 1313 and King of Bohemia from 1310 and titular King of ...
. Several imperial privileges, however, continued to be enjoyed by the town until 1849.
The later local history was marked by continued resistance against incorporation into Bohemia.
On 5 May 1389, during a
Reichstag between King
Wenceslaus IV and a group of Imperial Free Cities of
south-west Germany, the
Peace of Eger was agreed upon, after Wenceslaus had failed to secure his interests in the town.
It suffered severely during the
Hussite Wars
The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars or the Hussite Revolution, were a series of civil wars fought between the Hussites and the combined Catholic forces of Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund, the Papacy, European monarchs loyal to the Cat ...
, during the
Swedish
Swedish or ' may refer to:
Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically:
* Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland
** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...
invasion in 1631 and 1647, and in the
War of the Austrian Succession
The War of the Austrian Succession () was a European conflict that took place between 1740 and 1748. Fought primarily in Central Europe, the Austrian Netherlands, Italy, the Atlantic and Mediterranean, related conflicts included King George's W ...
in 1742.
In 1634, during the
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history
The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (80 ...
,
Albrecht von Wallenstein
Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Wallenstein () (24 September 1583 – 25 February 1634), also von Waldstein ( cs, Albrecht Václav Eusebius z Valdštejna), was a Bohemian military leader and statesman who fought on the Catholic side during the Th ...
was killed here.
George of Poděbrady
George of Kunštát and Poděbrady (23 April 1420 – 22 March 1471), also known as Poděbrad or Podiebrad ( cs, Jiří z Poděbrad; german: Georg von Podiebrad), was the sixteenth King of Bohemia, who ruled in 1458–1471. He was a leader of the ...
gave away his daughter in marriage and fathered two sons in the town. From the
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...
until 1945, the lands around the town were known by the German name ''
Egerland
The Egerland ( cs, Chebsko; german: Egerland; Egerland German dialect: ''Eghalånd'') is a historical region in the far north west of Bohemia in what is today the Czech Republic, at the border with Germany. It is named after the German name ''Eg ...
''.
In 1723, Cheb became a
free royal town
Royal free city or free royal city (Latin: libera regia civitas) was the official term for the most important cities in the Kingdom of Hungary from the late 12th centuryBácskai Vera – Nagy Lajos: Piackörzetek, piacközpontok és városok Magy ...
. The northern quarter of the town was devastated by a large fire in 1809, and many middle-age buildings were irreplaceably destroyed. Until 1851, the renowned spa-town of
Františkovy Lázně
Františkovy Lázně (; german: Franzensbad) is a spa town in Cheb District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 5,200 inhabitants. Together with neighbouring Karlovy Vary and Mariánské Lázně, it is part of the West B ...
belonged to the Magistrate of Cheb. The carbonated mineral water coming from these springs was delivered to spa visitors residing in Cheb.
In 1757, the town's financial self-government was abolished for the sake of Austrian centralization. In 1848, the citizen's council demanded separation from Bohemia and reconstitution of its
Landtag
A Landtag (State Diet) is generally the legislative assembly or parliament of a federated state or other subnational self-governing entity in German-speaking nations. It is usually a unicameral assembly exercising legislative competence in non- ...
.
Austrian National Socialism
Austrian Nazism or Austrian National Socialism was a pan-German movement that was formed at the beginning of the 20th century. The movement took a concrete form on 15 November 1903 when the German Worker's Party (DAP) was established in Austria ...
and hence
German National Socialism
Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Na ...
can trace its origins to Cheb when
Franko Stein transferred a small newspaper (''Der Hammer'') from
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
to Cheb in 1897. There he organized a German workers congress called the ''Deutschvölkischer Arbeitertag'', which published the
25-point program.
The terms of the 1919
Treaty of St. Germain triggered civil unrest between the
Sudeten German
German Bohemians (german: Deutschböhmen und Deutschmährer, i.e. German Bohemians and German Moravians), later known as Sudeten Germans, were ethnic Germans living in the Czech lands of the Bohemian Crown, which later became an integral part ...
population and the new
First Czechoslovak Republic
The First Czechoslovak Republic ( cs, První československá republika, sk, Prvá česko-slovenská republika), often colloquially referred to as the First Republic ( cs, První republika, Slovak: ''Prvá republika''), was the first Czechoslov ...
, just as in the rest of the
Sudetenland
The Sudetenland ( , ; Czech and sk, Sudety) is the historical German name for the northern, southern, and western areas of former Czechoslovakia which were inhabited primarily by Sudeten Germans. These German speakers had predominated in the ...
. As elsewhere, protests in the town – now officially named Cheb – were eventually suppressed by force.
During the
Sudeten Crisis
The Munich Agreement ( cs, Mnichovská dohoda; sk, Mníchovská dohoda; german: Münchner Abkommen) was an agreement concluded at Munich on 30 September 1938, by Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy. It provided "cession to Germany ...
, the town was occupied by the
Nazi German
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
-sponsored ''
Sudetendeutsches Freikorps
, image = Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1972-026-51, Anschluss sudetendeutscher Gebiete.jpg
, caption = Sudetendeutsches Freikorps members
, dates = 1938 to 1939
, country =
, allegiance = Adolf Hitler
, branch =
, type = Terro ...
'' paramilitary group. On 3 October 1938, the town was visited by
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...
; shortly afterward
Wehrmacht
The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmacht''" replaced the previous ...
troops marched into the Sudetenland and seized control. From 1938 until 1945, the town was annexed to Germany and it was one of the
municipalities in Sudetenland
The list below gives German names and Czech names of towns along with county names and other information in the Sudetenland from World War I through the era of World War II known as interwar Czechoslovakia.
Southern Sudetenland
{, class="wi ...
. On 1 May 1939, the town split away from the surrounding district to form its own municipal district together with the settlement of Matzelbach, and gave its name to the most westerly of the three administrative regions of the Sudetenland. The administrative seat of the
Regierungspräsident lay in Karlsbad, however.
Cheb was liberated by the
97th Infantry Division of the
United States Army
The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...
on 25 April 1945.
After the end of
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
the region was returned to Czechoslovakia. Under the
Beneš decrees
The Beneš decrees, sk, Dekréty prezidenta republiky) and the Constitutional Decrees of the President of the Republic ( cz, Ústavní dekrety presidenta republiky, sk, Ústavné dekréty prezidenta republiky) were a series of laws drafted by t ...
of the same year, the German-speaking majority of the town was dispossessed of their homes and property, and was
forcibly expelled from the country. In 1954, the town of
Amberg
Amberg () is a town in Bavaria, Germany. It is located in the Upper Palatinate, roughly halfway between Regensburg and Bayreuth. In 2020, over 42,000 people lived in the town.
History
The town was first mentioned in 1034, at that time under t ...
,
West Germany
West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 O ...
, adopted the expelled Sudeten German population from Cheb and the surrounding districts.
Demographics
In the 15th century, Cheb was one of the larger towns of
Bohemia
Bohemia ( ; cs, Čechy ; ; hsb, Čěska; szl, Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. Bohemia can also refer to a wider area consisting of the historical Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by the Bohem ...
with inhabitants 7,300 and about 400 houses, plus 200 in suburbs. In 1910, only 0.5% of the population were Czech.
[Ernst Pfohl: ''Ortslexikon Sudetenland.'' Seite 124. Helmut Preußler Verlag-Nürnberg.1987. ]
In 1930, 11% were Czech. After World War II, due to the expulsion of ethnic Germans and resettlement of Czechs, the population significantly dropped.
The current population includes a large group of
Vietnamese
Vietnamese may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Vietnam, a country in Southeast Asia
** A citizen of Vietnam. See Demographics of Vietnam.
* Vietnamese people, or Kinh people, a Southeast Asian ethnic group native to Vietnam
** Overse ...
, whose families were invited to the country as
guest workers
Foreign workers or guest workers are people who work in a country other than one of which they are a citizen. Some foreign workers use a guest worker program in a country with more preferred job prospects than in their home country. Guest worke ...
during the
Communist era
A Communist Era is a sustained period of national government by a single party following the philosophy of Marxism–Leninism. Many countries have experienced such a period of Communist rule.
Current communist states China
The Chinese Communist P ...
, and
Romani
Romani may refer to:
Ethnicities
* Romani people, an ethnic group of Northern Indian origin, living dispersed in Europe, the Americas and Asia
** Romani genocide, under Nazi rule
* Romani language, any of several Indo-Aryan languages of the Roma ...
, who were resettled after World War II.
Economy
After the
Velvet Revolution
The Velvet Revolution ( cs, Sametová revoluce) or Gentle Revolution ( sk, Nežná revolúcia) was a non-violent transition of power in what was then Czechoslovakia, occurring from 17 November to 28 November 1989. Popular demonstrations agains ...
in 1989, because many goods were cheaper in Cheb than in nearby Germany, it became common for Germans to shop and spend time in Cheb. Because of this the town developed
bilingual signage and
currency exchange
A bureau de change (plural bureaux de change, both ) (British English) or currency exchange (American English) is a business where people can exchange one currency for another.
Nomenclature
Although originally French, the term "bureau de chang ...
points.
Transport
Cheb Airport is located east of the town centre. It is the second-oldest airport in the country and the oldest still existing.
Education
Cheb is known for its
Cheb Violin Making School
The Cheb Violin Making School is a public school in Cheb in the Czech Republic. It is the outgrowth of the Imperial-Royal Music School, a -year-old institution, located — from inception on 1 August 1873 until 2005 — in Luby. In 2005, the scho ...
.
Sights
On the rock to the north-west lies Cheb Castle, built in the 12th century and now mostly in ruins.
The main attractions are the Chapel of Saints Erhard and Ursula, the Black Tower and the ruins of a palace; all from around 1180. The chapel has two storeys; the lower storey is in
Romanesque style, while the upper storey is
Gothic
Gothic or Gothics may refer to:
People and languages
*Goths or Gothic people, the ethnonym of a group of East Germanic tribes
**Gothic language, an extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Goths
**Crimean Gothic, the Gothic language spoken b ...
. An eight-cornered opening connects the two storeys. The upper-storey contains a ribbed vault supported on four polygonal columns with statues depicting sins, including a statue of a prostitute and
Onan
Onan ''Aunan'' was a figure detailed in the Book of Genesis chapter 38, as the second son of Judah and Shuah, and the brother of Er and Shelah. After being commanded by Judah to procreate with the late Er's wife Tamar, he instead "spilled his s ...
. In the banquet room of this castle, Wallenstein's officers Terzky, Kinsky, Illo and Neumann were assassinated on 25 February 1634. Wallenstein himself was murdered few hours later by Captain Devereux in the burgomaster's house at the main square. The house, a 15th-century gothic town hall (''Pachelbel House''), was transformed in 1872, it contains many historical relics and antiquities of the town of Cheb.
One of the symbols of the Cheb architecture is a group of houses known as ''Špalíček''. It is located in the middle of the town square and dates from the 13th century. The bizzare complex of eleven houses consists of narrow, four and five-storey houses without a courtyard, divided by a wide alley. The are mostly in the late Gothic style. The outline of the two blocks can still be seen on the oldest existing records of 1472.
The Green House on the market place belonged to the well-known Wrendl dynasty, whose family crest lies above the entrance.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, and critic. His works include plays, poetry, literature, and aesthetic criticism, as well as trea ...
frequently spent time here.
The Church of St. Nicholas was established in the 13th century as a three-naved
basilica
In Ancient Roman architecture, a basilica is a large public building with multiple functions, typically built alongside the town's forum. The basilica was in the Latin West equivalent to a stoa in the Greek East. The building gave its name ...
, of which the western portal and the lower part of the tower remain in place. The three-part nave,
presbytery and
sacristy
A sacristy, also known as a vestry or preparation room, is a room in Christian churches for the keeping of vestments (such as the alb and chasuble) and other church furnishings, sacred vessels, and parish records.
The sacristy is usually located ...
stem from the Gothic era. After the fire of 1742, the tower was rebuilt with a
baroque
The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...
cupola
In architecture, a cupola () is a relatively small, most often dome-like, tall structure on top of a building. Often used to provide a lookout or to admit light and air, it usually crowns a larger roof or dome.
The word derives, via Italian, from ...
, after the design of the indigenous architect
Balthasar Neumann. The top of the twin steeples were destroyed by German artillery fire during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
and restored in summer 2008.
The Franciscan Church is located in the town centre. The Church of St. Clara was built according to a design of
Christoph Dientzenhofer
Christoph Dientzenhofer ( cs, Kryštof Dientzenhofer) (born 7 July 1655 in St. Margarethen near Brannenburg, Landkreis Rosenheim - 20 June 1722 in Prague)[Waldsassen
Waldsassen (Northern Bavarian: ''Woidsassen'') is a town in the district of Tirschenreuth in the Upper Palatinate region of Bavaria.
Geography
Waldsassen is the northernmost municipality of the Upper Palatinate region. In the northeast, it borders ...](_bla ...<br></span></div> between 1708 and 1711.
The early-Baroque pilgrimage complex Maria Loreto is located in a local part of Starý Hrozňatov. The annex, which had lain in ruins since 1990 has since been renovated through the initiative of an inhabitant of the neighbouring town <div class=)
.
In popular culture
In
Arthur Conan Doyle
Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a British writer and physician. He created the character Sherlock Holmes in 1887 for ''A Study in Scarlet'', the first of four novels and fifty-six short stories about Ho ...
's
Sherlock Holmes
Sherlock Holmes () is a fictional detective created by British author Arthur Conan Doyle. Referring to himself as a " consulting detective" in the stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, deduction, forensic science and ...
story "
A Scandal in Bohemia", it is referred to by Holmes as 'Egria'.
Notable people
*
Johannes Widmann
Johannes Widmann (c. 1460 – after 1498) was a German mathematician. The + and - symbols first appeared in print in his book ''Mercantile Arithmetic'' or ''Behende und hüpsche Rechenung auff allen Kauffmanschafft'' published in Leipzig in 1489 ...
(c. 1460 – after 1498), German mathematician
*
Johann Habermann
Johann Habermann, also Johannes Avenarius (10 August 1516 – 5 December 1590) was a German Lutheran theologian.
Life
He was born at Eger (92 m. w. of Prague) on 10 August 1516. He went over to the Lutheran Church about 1540, studied theology, a ...
(1516–1590), German
Lutheran
Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched th ...
theologian
*
Albrecht von Wallenstein
Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Wallenstein () (24 September 1583 – 25 February 1634), also von Waldstein ( cs, Albrecht Václav Eusebius z Valdštejna), was a Bohemian military leader and statesman who fought on the Catholic side during the Th ...
(1583–1634), military leader and statesman; died here
*
Johann Georg Macasius
Johann Georg Macasius (1617–1653) was a German physician. He was born in Eger, Bohemia (part of the Holy Roman Empire, now in the Czech Republic).
__TOC__ Education
He received the Medicinae Doctorate from the University of Jena in 1638 under ...
(1617–1653), German physician
*
Pavel Klein Paul Klein (25 January 1652 in Cheb, Bohemia, now Czech Republic – 30 August 1717 in Manila, Philippines; often used in Spanish: Pablo Clain, Latin: ''Paulus Klein'', Czech: ''Pavel Klein'') was a Jesuit missionary, pharmacist, botanist, author of ...
(1652–1717), Jesuit missionary, botanist, writer
*
Johann Balthasar Neumann
Johann Balthasar Neumann (; 27 January 1687 (?) – 19 August 1753), usually known as Balthasar Neumann, was a German architect and military artillery engineer who developed a refined brand of Baroque architecture, fusing Austrian, Bohemian, Ita ...
(1687–1753), German architect and military artillery engineer
*
Hugo Zuckermann
Hugo Zuckermann (15 May 1881, Eger ( cs, Cheb), Kingdom of Bohemia, Royal Bohemia – 23 December 1914, Eger) was a Jewish-Austrian poet and zionism, Zionist.
Zuckermann was born in Cheb. In 1907 he founded, together with writer Oskar Rosenfeld, ...
(1881–1914), Jewish-Austrian poet
*
Rudolf Serkin
Rudolf Serkin (28 March 1903 – 8 May 1991) was a Bohemian-born Austrian-American pianist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest Beethoven interpreters of the 20th century.
Early life, childhood debut, and education
Serkin was born in ...
(1903–1991), Czech-American pianist
*
Erich Riedl
Erich Riedl (23 June 1933 – 8 September 2018) was a German politician, representing the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU). He was the parliamentary state secretary for the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy from 1987 to 1993.
...
(1933–2018), German politician
*
Neda Al-Hilali
Neda Al-Hilali (born 1938) is an American fiber artist.
Biography
Al-Hilali was born in Cheb, Czechoslovakia and has lived in Baghdad. She moved to southern California in 1961. She trained as an artist in Europe, and extensively at the Univ ...
(born 1938), American fiber artist and weaver
*
Peter Glotz
Peter Glotz (6 March 1939 – 25 August 2005) was a German social democratic politician ( Social Democratic Party) and social scientist.
Peter Glotz was born in Cheb, Czechoslovakia, to a German father and a Czech mother. His father, an insuranc ...
(1939–2005), German politician and social scientist
*
Norbert Singer
Norbert Singer (born 16 November 1939) is a German automotive engineer. He has played a key role in every one of Porsche’s 16 overall race victories between 1970 and 1998 at the 24 Hours of Le Mans.
Singer was born in Eger (Cheb), which is t ...
(born 1939), German automotive engineer
*
Pavel Nedvěd
Pavel Nedvěd (; born 30 August 1972) is a Czech former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He is regarded as one of the most successful players to emerge from the Czech Republic, winning domestic and European accolades with Ital ...
(born 1972), footballer, 2003
Ballon d'Or
The Ballon d'Or (; ) is an annual football award presented by French news magazine ''France Football'' since 1956. Between 2010 and 2015, in an agreement with FIFA, the award was temporarily merged with the FIFA World Player of the Year (fo ...
winner
Twin towns – sister cities
Cheb is
twinned with:
*
Bắc Ninh
Bắc Ninh () is a city in the northern part of Vietnam and is the capital of Bắc Ninh province. The city is the cultural, administrative and commercial center of the province. The city area is 82.60 square km, with a population of 501,199 in N ...
, Vietnam
*
Hof, Germany
*
Nová Dubnica
Nová Dubnica (german: Neudubnitz; hu, Újtölgyes) cz, Nová Dubnice) is a town in Trenčín Region, Slovakia.
Geography
It is located in the Ilava Basin at the foothills of the Strážovské vrchy mountains.
History
The town was established ...
, Slovakia
Since
the fall of the Iron Curtain, Cheb has also had cordial relationships with the neighbouring German towns of
Waldsassen
Waldsassen (Northern Bavarian: ''Woidsassen'') is a town in the district of Tirschenreuth in the Upper Palatinate region of Bavaria.
Geography
Waldsassen is the northernmost municipality of the Upper Palatinate region. In the northeast, it borders ...
and
Marktredwitz
Marktredwitz () is a town in the district of Wunsiedel, in Bavaria, Germany, close to the Czech border. It is situated 22 km west of Cheb, 50 km east of Bayreuth and 50 km south of Hof/Saale. Marktredwitz station is at the juncti ...
.
Gallery
Romanische Basilika St. Nikolaus und Elisabeth in Cheb 13. Jh - Bazilika Chrám sv. Mikuláše a Alžbety v Chebu Česká republika Tschechien - Foto Wolfgang Pehlemann IMG 1369.jpg, Church of Saints Nicholas and Elisabeth after the reconstruction in 2008
Cheb most přes Ohři a chrám svatého Mikuláše.jpg, Bridge over the Ohře
Cheb Písečná brána.jpg, Sand gate near the Ohře
Cheb divadlo 2.jpg, Theater Cheb
Cheb Františkánský klášter zahrady (2).jpg, Gardens of the Franciscan monastery
Cheb Eger Lenin on stock franciscan monastery garden-0187.jpg, Statues of Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov. ( 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin,. was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 19 ...
and Julius Fučík stored in the monastery garden
Bundesarchiv Bild 137-004055, Eger, Besuch Adolf Hitlers.jpg, Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...
drives through the crowd in Cheb on 3 October 1938
References
External links
*
Cheb Castle siteChurch of Maria Loreto
Hardeck Castle
Euregio Egrensis
{{authority control
Populated places in Cheb District
Cities and towns in the Czech Republic