HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

''Casuarina'' is a
genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of 17 tree species in the family
Casuarinaceae The Casuarinaceae are a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants placed in the order Fagales, consisting of four genera and 91 species of trees and shrubs native to eastern Africa, Australia, Southeast Asia, Malesia, Papuasia, and the Pacifi ...
, native to
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
, the
Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...
,
southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...
,
islands An island (or isle) is an isolated piece of habitat that is surrounded by a dramatically different habitat, such as water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island ...
of the western
Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continen ...
, and eastern
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
. It was once treated as the sole genus in the family, but has since been split into four genera (see:
Casuarinaceae The Casuarinaceae are a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants placed in the order Fagales, consisting of four genera and 91 species of trees and shrubs native to eastern Africa, Australia, Southeast Asia, Malesia, Papuasia, and the Pacifi ...
).Flora of Australia
''Casuarina''
/ref> They are
evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which ...
shrub A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees ...
s and
tree In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...
s growing to tall. The slender, green to grey-green twigs bearing minute scale-leaves in whorls of 5–20. The apetalous
flower A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechani ...
s are produced in small
catkin A catkin or ament is a slim, cylindrical flower cluster (a spike), with inconspicuous or no petals, usually wind-pollinated (anemophilous) but sometimes insect-pollinated (as in ''Salix''). They contain many, usually unisexual flowers, arranged cl ...
-like
inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed o ...
s. Most species are
dioecious Dioecy (; ; adj. dioecious , ) is a characteristic of a species, meaning that it has distinct individual organisms (unisexual) that produce male or female gametes, either directly (in animals) or indirectly (in seed plants). Dioecious reproductio ...
, but a few are
monoecious Monoecy (; adj. monoecious ) is a sexual system in seed plants where separate male and female cones or flowers are present on the same plant. It is a monomorphic sexual system alongside gynomonoecy, andromonoecy and trimonoecy. Monoecy is conne ...
. The
fruit In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering. Fruits are the means by which flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) disseminate their seeds. Edible fruits in particu ...
is a woody, oval structure superficially resembling a
conifer cone A conifer cone (in formal botany, botanical usage: strobilus, plural strobili) is a seed-bearing organ on gymnosperm plants. It is usually woody, ovoid to globular, including scales and bracts arranged around a central axis, especially in con ...
, made up of numerous
carpels Gynoecium (; ) is most commonly used as a collective term for the parts of a flower that produce ovules and ultimately develop into the fruit and seeds. The gynoecium is the innermost whorl of a flower; it consists of (one or more) ''pistils'' ...
, each containing a single
seed A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiospe ...
with a small
wing A wing is a type of fin that produces lift while moving through air or some other fluid. Accordingly, wings have streamlined cross-sections that are subject to aerodynamic forces and act as airfoils. A wing's aerodynamic efficiency is expres ...
. The generic name is derived from the
Malay Malay may refer to: Languages * Malay language or Bahasa Melayu, a major Austronesian language spoken in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore ** History of the Malay language, the Malay language from the 4th to the 14th century ** Indonesi ...
word for the
cassowary Cassowaries ( tpi, muruk, id, kasuari) are flightless birds of the genus ''Casuarius'' in the order Casuariiformes. They are classified as ratites (flightless birds without a keel on their sternum bones) and are native to the tropical forest ...
, ''kasuari'', alluding to the similarities between the bird's feathers and the plant's foliage, though the tree is called ''ru'' in Modern Malay.
Karen Louise Wilson Karen Louise Wilson (born 1950) is an Australian botanist. Some of her research interests are: systematics, phylogenetic and biogeographic studies on Cyperaceae, Casuarinaceae, Juncaceae and Polygonaceae. Other professional interests include ...
and
Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson FAA, (26 June 1925 – 1 August 1997) known as Lawrie Johnson, was an Australian taxonomic botanist. He worked at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, for the whole of his professional career, as a botanist (1948 ...
distinguish the two very closely related genera, ''Casuarina'' and ''
Allocasuarina ''Allocasuarina'' is a genus of trees in the flowering plant family Casuarinaceae. They are endemic to Australia, occurring primarily in the south. Like the closely related genus ''Casuarina'', they are commonly called sheoaks or she-oaks. Wi ...
'' on the basis of: *''Casuarina'': the mature samaras being grey or yellow brown, and dull; cone bracteoles thinly woody, prominent, extending well beyond cone body, with no dorsal protuberance; *''
Allocasuarina ''Allocasuarina'' is a genus of trees in the flowering plant family Casuarinaceae. They are endemic to Australia, occurring primarily in the south. Like the closely related genus ''Casuarina'', they are commonly called sheoaks or she-oaks. Wi ...
'': the mature samaras being red brown to black, and shiny; cone bracteoles thickly woody and convex, mostly extending only slightly beyond cone body, and usually with a separate angular, divided or spiny dorsal protuberance.


Ecology

''Casuarina'' species are a food source of the
larva A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. The ...
e of hepialid
moth Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of w ...
s; members of the genus ''
Aenetus ''Aenetus'' is a genus of moths of the family Hepialidae. There are 24 described species found in Indonesia, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Australia and New Zealand. Most species have green or blue forewings and reddish hindwings, but some are predomi ...
'', including '' A. lewinii'' and '' A. splendens'', burrow horizontally into the trunk then vertically down. ''
Endoclita malabaricus ''Endoclita malabaricus'' is a species of moth of the family Hepialidae. It is known from India. Food plants for this species include ''Acacia'', ''Ailanthus'', ''Albizia'', ''Bridelia'', '' Cajanus'', ''Callicarpa'', ''Camellia'', '' Cassia'', ' ...
'' also feeds on ''Casuarina''. The
noctuid The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea because many of the clades are constantly changing, along with the other f ...
turnip moth ''Agrotis segetum'', sometimes known as the turnip moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is a common European species and it is found in Africa and across ...
is also recorded feeding on ''Casuarina''.
Pedunculagin Pedunculagin is an ellagitannin. It is formed from casuarictin via the loss of a gallate group. Natural occurrence Pedunculagin is found in plants in orders in the clade Rosidae. It can be found the pericarp of pomegranates (''Punica granatum' ...
,
casuarictin Casuarictin is an ellagitannin, a type of hydrolysable tannin. It can be found in ''Casuarina'' and ''Stachyurus'' species.Tannins of Casuarina and Stachyurus species. I: Structures of pendunculagin, casuarictin, strictinin, casuarinin, casuariin, ...
,
strictinin Strictinin is a bioactive chemical of the ellagitannin family of hydrolyzable tannins. This compound shows activity against influenza virus ''Orthomyxoviridae'' (from Greek ὀρθός, ''orthós'' 'straight' + μύξα, ''mýxa'' 'mucus') is a ...
,
casuarinin Casuarinin is an ellagitannin. It is found in the pericarp of pomegranates (''Punica granatum''). It is also found in ''Casuarina'' and '' Stachyurus'' species and in '' Alnus sieboldiana''. It is an isomer of casuarictin. It is a highly active ...
and casuariin are
ellagitannins The ellagitannins are a diverse class of hydrolyzable tannins, a type of polyphenol formed primarily from the oxidative linkage of galloyl groups in 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl glucose. Ellagitannins differ from gallotannins, in that their galloyl group ...
found in the species within the genus.


Invasive species

'' C. cunninghamiana'', '' C. glauca'' and '' C. equisetifolia'' have become
naturalized Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-citizen of a country may acquire citizenship or nationality of that country. It may be done automatically by a statute, i.e., without any effort on the part of the in ...
in many countries, including
Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...
,
Bermuda ) , anthem = "God Save the King" , song_type = National song , song = " Hail to Bermuda" , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , mapsize2 = , map_caption2 = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = , e ...
,
Cayman Islands The Cayman Islands () is a self-governing British Overseas Territory—the largest by population in the western Caribbean Sea. The territory comprises the three islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac and Little Cayman, which are located to the ...
,
Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
,
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
,
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...
,
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
,
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
,
Mauritius Mauritius ( ; french: Maurice, link=no ; mfe, label=Mauritian Creole, Moris ), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent, east of Madagascar. It incl ...
,
Kenya ) , national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...
,
Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
,
Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
,
South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countri ...
,
the Bahamas The Bahamas (), officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an island country within the Lucayan Archipelago of the West Indies in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic. It takes up 97% of the Lucayan Archipelago's land area and is home to ...
, and
Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...
. They are considered an
invasive species An invasive species otherwise known as an alien is an introduced organism that becomes overpopulated and harms its new environment. Although most introduced species are neutral or beneficial with respect to other species, invasive species ad ...
USFS FEIS
''Casuarina''
/ref>USDA Forest service

/ref> in the United States, especially in southern
Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...
where they have nearly quadrupled in number between 1993 and 2005 and are called the Australian pine. ''C. equisetifolia'' is widespread in the
Hawaiian Islands The Hawaiian Islands ( haw, Nā Mokupuni o Hawai‘i) are an archipelago of eight major islands, several atolls, and numerous smaller islets in the North Pacific Ocean, extending some from the island of Hawaii in the south to northernmost Kur ...
where it grows both on the seashore in dry, salty, calcareous soils and up in the mountains in high rainfall areas on volcanic soils. It is also an invasive plant in
Bermuda ) , anthem = "God Save the King" , song_type = National song , song = " Hail to Bermuda" , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , mapsize2 = , map_caption2 = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = , e ...
, where it was introduced to replace the ''
Juniperus bermudiana ''Juniperus bermudiana'' is a species of juniper endemic to Bermuda. This species is most commonly known as Bermuda cedar, but is also referred to as Bermuda juniper ( Bermudians refer to it simply as ''cedar''). Historically, this tree formed w ...
'' windbreaks killed by a scale insect in the 1940s.


Species List

''Casuarina'' comprises the following species: * '' Casuarina collina'' Poiss. ex Pancher & Sebert * ''
Casuarina cristata ''Casuarina cristata'' is an Australian tree of the sheoak family Casuarinaceae known as belah. It is native to a band across inland eastern Australia. Taxonomy The Dutch botanist Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel described the belah in 1848, and ...
'' Miq. (northeastern
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
:
Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_ ...
,
New South Wales ) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , es ...
). * ''
Casuarina cunninghamiana ''Casuarina cunninghamiana'', commonly known as river oak or river she-oak, is a she-oak species of the genus ''Casuarina''. The native range in Australia extends from Daly River in the Northern Territory, north and east in Queensland and easter ...
'' Miq. – river she-oak (northern and eastern Australia:
Northern Territory The Northern Territory (commonly abbreviated as NT; formally the Northern Territory of Australia) is an states and territories of Australia, Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. The Northern Territory ...
to New South Wales) * ''
Casuarina equisetifolia ''Casuarina equisetifolia'', common names ''Coastal She-oak'' or ''Horsetail She-oak'' (sometimes referred to as the Australian pine tree or whistling pine tree outside Australia), is a she-oak species of the genus ''Casuarina''. The native ...
'' L. – beach she-oak, common ironwood, Australian pine (Florida),IFAS
SRFer Mapserver
casuarina, whistling pine (northern Australia, southeastern Asia, doubtfully native to
Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa ...
), ঝাউ in বাংলা (Bengali), ಗಾಳಿ ಮರ (gaali mara) in
Kannada Kannada (; ಕನ್ನಡ, ), originally romanised Canarese, is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by the people of Karnataka in southwestern India, with minorities in all neighbouring states. It has around 47 million native s ...
. * ''
Casuarina glauca ''Casuarina glauca'', commonly known as the swamp she-oak, swamp oak, grey oak, or river oak, is a species of ''Casuarina'' native to the east coast of Australia. It is found from central Queensland south to southern New South Wales. It has becom ...
'' Sieber ex Spreng. grey she-oak, longleaf ironwood, saltmarsh ironwood, swamp oak (New South Wales) * ''
Casuarina grandis ''Casuarina'' is a genus of 17 tree species in the family Casuarinaceae, native to Australia, the Indian subcontinent, southeast Asia, islands of the western Pacific Ocean, and eastern Africa. It was once treated as the sole genus in the fa ...
'' L.A.S.Johnson (
New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu Hiri Motu, also known as Police Motu, Pidgin Motu, or just Hiri, is a language of Papua New Guinea, which is spoken in surrounding areas of Port Moresby (Capital of Papua New Guinea). It is a simplified version of ...
) * ''
Casuarina junghuhniana ''Casuarina junghuhniana'', the mountain ru or red-tipped ru, is a she-oak species of the genus ''Casuarina'' that originated in Java and Lesser Sunda Islands. The species has been introduced to Pakistan and Bangladesh. Description ''Casuarin ...
'' Miq. (
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
) * '' Casuarina obesa'' Miq. (southern Australia: southwestern Western Australia, New South Wales ne site, now extirpated Victoria) * ''
Casuarina oligodon ''Casuarina oligodon'', the she oak, is a species of ''Casuarina'' tree first described by Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson. ''Casuarina oligodon'' is part of the genus ''Casuarina'' and the family Casuarinaceae. It is dioecious, very rarely mo ...
'' L.A.S.Johnson (New Guinea) * '' Casuarina orophila'' L.A.S.Johnson * ''
Casuarina pauper ''Casuarina pauper'' is a tree from the family Casuarinaceae, native to a band across the drier, inland areas of southern Australia (). ''C. pauper'' is known as a poorer, stunted form of the closely related '' Casuarina cristata'' (). Common na ...
'' F.Muell. ex L.A.S.Johnson (Australia) * '' Casuarina potamophila'' Schltr. * '' Casuarina tenella'' Schltr. * '' Casuarina teres'' Schltr.


Species names with uncertain taxonomic status

The status of the following species is unresolved: * ''Casuarina defungens'' L.A.S. Johnson * ''Casuarina hexagona'' Dehnh. * ''Casuarina litorea'' Rumph. * ''Casuarina lucida'' Dehnh. * ''Casuarina prisea'' Miq.


Formerly placed here

* '' Allocasuarina acuaria'' (F. Muell.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. acuaria'' F.Muell.) * '' Allocasuarina acutivalvis'' (F. Muell.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. acutivalvis'' F.Muell.) * ''
Allocasuarina campestris ''Allocasuarina campestris'', commonly known as the Shrubby she-oak, is a shrub of the she-oak family Casuarinaceae native to Western Australia. The dioecious or monoecious shrub typically grows to a height of and produces red-brown flowers fro ...
'' (Diels) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. campestris'' Diels) * '' Allocasuarina corniculata'' (F.Muell.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. corniculata'' F.Muell.) * ''
Allocasuarina decussata ''Allocasuarina decussata'', commonly known as karri oak or karri she-oak, is a medium-sized tree, or more rarely a shrub, that is endemic to the south west of Western Australia. It is an understory tree in karri forest but also occurs as a stun ...
'' (Benth.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. decussata'' Benth.) * ''
Allocasuarina distyla ''Allocasuarina distyla'', commonly known as scrub she-oak, is a shrub or small tree of the She-oak family Casuarinaceae endemic to New South Wales. Description This dioecious shrub or small tree will typically grow to a height of tall, or 7 me ...
'' (Vent.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. distyla'' Vent.) * '' Allocasuarina drummondiana'' (Miq.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. drummondiana'' Miq.) * '' Allocasuarina fibrosa'' (C.A.Gardner) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. fibrosa'' C.A.Gardner) * ''
Allocasuarina fraseriana ''Allocasuarina fraseriana'', commonly known as western sheoak, common sheoak, WA sheoak. Fraser's sheoak or just sheoak, is a tree in the family Casuarinaceae. Endemic to Western Australia, it occurs near the coast in the south west corner o ...
'' (Miq.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. fraseriana'' Miq.) * '' Allocasuarina grevilleoides'' (Diels) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. grevilleoides'' Diels) * '' Allocasuarina helmsii'' (Ewart & Gordon) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. helmsii'' Ewart & Gordon) * '' Allocasuarina huegeliana'' (Miq.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. huegeliana'' Miq.) * '' Allocasuarina humilis'' (Otto & A. Dietr.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. humilis'' Otto & A.Dietr.) * ''
Allocasuarina inophloia ''Allocasuarina inophloia'', also known as woolly oak, or stringybark she-oak, is a shrub or small tree of the she-oak family Casuarinaceae endemic to inland New South Wales and Queensland. The hairy bark is an unusual feature. Taxonomy First co ...
'' (F. Muell. & F. M. Bailey) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. inophloia'' F.Muell. & F.M.Bailey) * ''Allocasuarina lehmanniana'' subsp. ''lehmanniana'' (as ''C. baxteriana'' Miq. or ''C. lehmanniana'' Miq.) * ''
Allocasuarina littoralis ''Allocasuarina littoralis'', commonly known as black sheoak, black she-oak, or river black-oak, is an endemic medium-sized Australian tree (usually up to 8 metres, but sometimes to 15 metres - coarse shrub in exposed maritime areas). A. littoral ...
'' (Salisb.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. littoralis'' Salisb. or ''C. suberosa'' Otto & A.Dietr.) * ''
Allocasuarina luehmannii ''Allocasuarina luehmannii'' (buloke or bull-oak) is a species of ironwood tree native to Australia and its wood is the hardest commercially available as measured by the Janka Hardness Scale. Description The evergreen tree typically grows ...
'' (R.T.Baker) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. luehmannii'' R.T.Baker) * ''
Allocasuarina muelleriana ''Allocasuarina muelleriana'', commonly known as the slaty sheoak, is a small tree of the genus ''Allocasuarina'' native to South Australia and Victoria. The fast growing dioecious Dioecy (; ; adj. dioecious , ) is a characteristic of a spec ...
'' (Miq.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. muelleriana'' Miq.) * ''
Allocasuarina nana ''Allocasuarina nana'', commonly known as dwarf she-oak or as stunted sheoak, is a species of flowering plant in the family Casuarinaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is a low, spreading dioecious, rarely monoecious ...
'' (Sieber ex Spreng.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. nana'' Sieber ex Spreng.) * '' Allocasuarina paludosa'' (Sieber ex Spreng.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. paludosa'' Sieber ex Spreng.) * '' Allocasuarina pusilla'' (Macklin) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. pusilla'' Macklin) * '' Allocasuarina thuyoides'' (Miq.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. thuyoides'' Miq.) * ''
Allocasuarina torulosa ''Allocasuarina torulosa'', the rose she-oak or forest oak, is a tree which grows in sub-rainforest (just outside the main forest area) of Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. There, it is typically found on coastal footslopes, hills, and ...
'' (Aiton) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. tenuissima'' Sieber ex Spreng. or ''C. torulosa'' Aiton) * '' Allocasuarina trichodon'' (Miq.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. trichodon'' Miq.) * ''
Allocasuarina verticillata ''Allocasuarina verticillata'', commonly known as drooping she-oak or drooping sheoak, is a nitrogen fixing native tree of southeastern Australia. Originally collected in Tasmania and described as ''Casuarina verticillata'' by French naturalist ...
'' (Lam.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. quadrivalvis'' Labill., ''C. stricta'' Aiton or ''C. verticillata'' Lam.) * ''
Gymnostoma deplancheanum ''Gymnostoma'' is a genus of about eighteen species of trees and shrubs, constituting one of the four Genus, genera of the plant family Casuarinaceae. The species grow naturally in the tropics, including at high altitudes having temperate clima ...
'' (Miq.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. deplancheana'' Miq.) * '' Gymnostoma nodiflorum'' (Thunb.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. angulata'' J.Poiss. or ''C. nodiflora'' Thunb.) * '' Gymnostoma papuanum'' (S. Moore) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. papuana'' S.Moore) * ''
Gymnostoma rumphianum ''Gymnostoma'' is a genus of about eighteen species of trees and shrubs, constituting one of the four Genus, genera of the plant family Casuarinaceae. The species grow naturally in the tropics, including at high altitudes having temperate clima ...
'' (Miq.) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. rumphiana'' Miq.) * '' Gymnostoma sumatranum'' (Jungh. ex de Vriese) L.A.S.Johnson (as ''C. sumatrana'' Jungh. ex de Vriese)


References


External Links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q756005 Fagales genera