Cary Baynes, born Cary Fink (1883-1977) was an American Jungian psychologist and translator.The archive of Cary Baynes, 1883-1977
Accessed 12 January 2020. She translated several works by

Jung Carl Gustav Jung ( ; ; 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. Jung's work has been influential in the fields of psychiatry, anthropology, archaeology, literature, philo ...

, as well as Richard Wilhelm's version of the ''

I Ching The ''I Ching'' or ''Yi Jing'' (, ), usually translated ''Book of Changes'' or ''Classic of Changes'', is an ancient Chinese divination text that is among the oldest of the Chinese classics. Originally a divination manual in the Western Zho ...

''.

Life

Cary Fink was born on September 26, 1883 in

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...

. She and her sister were brought up in their mother's home in

Louisville, Kentucky Louisville ( , , ) is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and the 28th most-populous city in the United States. Louisville is the historical seat and, since 2003, the nominal seat of Jefferson County, on the Indiana border ...

. She studied at

Vassar College Vassar College ( ) is a private liberal arts college in Poughkeepsie, New York, United States. Founded in 1861 by Matthew Vassar, it was the second degree-granting institution of higher education for women in the United States, closely follo ...

, where she was taught by

Kristine Mann Kristine Mann (August 29, 1873 – 1945) was an American educator and physician, with a particular interest in working women's health. She was an early practitioner of psychoanalysis in North America. Early life and education Kristine Mann was b ...

, and graduated in 1906. She went on to study medicine at

Johns Hopkins University Johns Hopkins University (Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, or JHU) is a private university, private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 1876, Johns Hopkins is the oldest research university in the United States and in the western hem ...

, marrying her fellow medical student, the future anthropologist Jaime de Angulo, in 1910. She graduated in 1911, and the pair settled in

Carmel, California Carmel-by-the-Sea (), often simply called Carmel, is a city in Monterey County, California, United States, founded in 1902 and municipal corporation, incorporated on October 31, 1916. Situated on the Monterey Peninsula, Carmel is known for its n ...

in 1913. In 1918 they had a daughter, Ximena. Cary objected to Jaime's plans to home-school Ximena as eccentric and autocratic. Since 1915 Jaime had also divided his attention between Cary and Lucy "Nancy" Freeland, spending summer 1920 living with Nancy. In 1921, at Kristine Mann's suggestion, Cary De Angulo moved to

Zürich Zürich () is the list of cities in Switzerland, largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zürich. It is located in north-central Switzerland, at the northwestern tip of Lake Zürich. As of January 2020, the municipality has 43 ...

to study with

Carl Jung Carl Gustav Jung ( ; ; 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. Jung's work has been influential in the fields of psychiatry, anthropology, archaeology, literature, philo ...

, taking Ximena with her, and living in a house on

Lake Zurich __NOTOC__ Lake Zurich ( Swiss German/Alemannic: ''Zürisee''; German: ''Zürichsee''; rm, Lai da Turitg) is a lake in Switzerland, extending southeast of the city of Zürich. Depending on the context, Lake Zurich or ''Zürichsee'' can be used to ...

with her sister Henri Zinno. She and Jaime De Angulo agreed to an amicable divorce. Though she never practiced analysis herself, Fink became a respected friend and collaborator with Jung. In 1924-5 she worked on a fresh transcription of Jung's manuscript ''

Liber Novus ''The Red Book: Liber Novus'' is a red leather‐bound folio manuscript crafted by the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung between 1914 and about 1930. It recounts and comments upon the author's psychological experiments between 1913 and 1916, and ...

''. Though she did not finish the transcription, she had ongoing discussions with Jung about its potential publication. She also transcribed and edited his 1925 seminar. In 1925 she met Jung's assistant

Helton Godwin Baynes Helton Godwin Baynes, also known as ‘Peter’ Baynes (26 June 1882, Hampstead – 6 September 1943), was an English physician, army officer, analytical psychologist and author, who was a friend and early translator into English of Carl Jung. ...

, known to friends as Peter, at the Jungian Conference at

Swanage Swanage () is a coastal town and civil parish in the south east of Dorset, England. It is at the eastern end of the Isle of Purbeck and one of its two towns, approximately south of Poole and east of Dorchester. In the 2011 census the civil ...

. They married in 1927, setting up home in

Hemel Hempstead Hemel Hempstead () is a town in the Dacorum district in Hertfordshire, England, northwest of London, which is part of the Greater London Urban Area. The population at the 2011 census was 97,500. Developed after the Second World War as a ne ...

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...

, though they moved to

California California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...

in 1928. The pair collaborated on translating Jung into English, and in 1929 Cary also undertook the translation of Richard Wilhelm's translation of the ''

''. In 1931 Cary Baynes divorced Peter, who had fallen in love with another woman in 1930. Through the 1930s she continued her translation of the ''I Ching'', and worked with

Olga Fröbe-Kapteyn Olga Fröbe-Kapteyn (19 October 1881 – 1962) was a Dutch spiritualist, theosophist, and scholar who gained recognition in the 1920s. She lived in Switzerland for most of her life. Early life Olga was born in London, the first child of Dutch paren ...

on her 'Eranos Project'. In 1938 she met Paul and

Mary Mellon Mary may refer to: People * Mary (name), a feminine given name (includes a list of people with the name) Religious contexts * New Testament people named Mary, overview article linking to many of those below * Mary, mother of Jesus, also calle ...

, founders of the

Bollingen Foundation The Bollingen Foundation was an educational foundation set up along the lines of a university press in 1945. It was named after Bollingen Tower, Carl Jung's country home in Bollingen, Switzerland. Funding was provided by Paul Mellon and his wife ...

, introducing them to Olga Fröbe. The ''I Ching'' was eventually published in the Bollingen Series. In the 1950s Baynes, prompted by Olga Fröbe and Jung, began collaboration with Lucy Heyer on a biography of Jung. She considered basing her biography on ''Liber Novus'', but to Jung's disappointment withdrew from the project. Cary Baynes remained intellectually active up to her death in OctoberCited in: "I Ching_ The Essential Translation of the - John Minford" https://docero.net/doc/i-ching-the-essential-translation-of-the-john-minford-xdj9904qdv 1977. Her papers are held at the

Wellcome Library The Wellcome Library is founded on the collection formed by Sir Henry Wellcome (1853–1936), whose personal wealth allowed him to create one of the most ambitious collections of the 20th century. Henry Wellcome's interest was the history of med ...

Works

* (tr. with H. G. Baynes) ''Contributions to Analytical Psychology'' by

. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1928. * (tr.) '' The Secret of the Golden Flower'' by

Lü Dongbin Lü Dongbin (796 CE – 1016 CE) is a legendary Chinese scholar and poet said to have lived during the Tang Dynasty. Whether he actually lived the two hundred and twenty years cannot be determined. Elevated to the status of an immortal in the C ...

. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1931. Translated from the German translation by Richard Wilhelm, with a European commentary by Carl Jung. * (tr. with W. S. Dell) ''Modern Man in Search of a Soul'' by Carl Jung. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., 1933. * (tr. with H. G. Baynes) ''Two Essays on Analytical Psychology''. New York: Dodd, Mead and Co., 1928. * (tr.) ''The I Ching, or, Book of Changes''. New York: Pantheon Books, 1950. The Richard Wilhelm translation rendered into English. Foreword by Carl Jung. * (tr.) ''Change: Eight Lectures on the I Ching'' by

Hellmut Wilhelm Hellmut Wilhelm (10 December 1905 – 5 July 1990) was a German Sinologist known for his studies of both Chinese literature and Chinese history. Wilhelm was an expert on the ancient Chinese divination text '' I Ching (Yi jing)'', whic ...

. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1960.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Baynes, Cary 1883 births 1977 deaths Jungian psychologists German–English translators Vassar College alumni Johns Hopkins School of Medicine alumni