|
Lucy Shepard Freeland
Lucy Shepard Freeland (1890–1972) was an American linguist who pioneered the study of Miwok languages. Though she adopted the name Nancy in everyday life, she continued to publish as L. S. Freeland. A student of Alfred Kroeber, she was married to the writer Jaime de Angulo from 1923 to 1943, and the pair collaborated on studies of Native Californians in the 1920s and 1930s. Freeland's ''Languages of the Sierra Miwok'' (1951) has been praised as "one of the finest grammars of any California Indian language". The book contains the earliest known use of the term code-switching. Works * "Pomo Doctors and Poisoners". ''American Archaeology and Ethnology'', Vol. 20, No. 4 (1923), pp. 57–73 * (with Jaime de Angulo) "Notes on the Northern Paiute of California". ''Journal de la Société des Américanistes'', Vol. 21, No. 2 (1929). pp. 313–335 * (with Jame de Angulo) "The Achumawi language". ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', Vol. 6, No. 2 (1930), pp. 77–120 * (with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miwok Languages
The Miwok or Miwokan languages (; Miwok: ), also known as ''Moquelumnan'' or ''Miwuk'', are a group of endangered languages spoken in central California by the Miwok peoples, ranging from the Bay Area to the Sierra Nevada. There are seven Miwok languages, four of which have distinct regional dialects. There are a few dozen speakers of the three Sierra Miwok languages, and in 1994 there were two speakers of Lake Miwok. The best attested language is Southern Sierra Miwok, from which the name '' Yosemite'' originates. The name Miwok comes from the Northern Sierra Miwok word ''miw·yk'' meaning 'people' or 'Indians.' Languages Language family by Mithun (1999): *Eastern Miwok **Plains Miwok † **Bay Miwok ( Saclan) † **Sierra Miwok ***Northern Sierra Miwok (†) ( Camanche, Fiddletown, Ione, and West Point dialects) ***Central Sierra Miwok (nearly extinct) (East Central and West Central dialects) *** Southern Sierra Miwok (nearly extinct) ( Yosemite, Mariposa, and Southern dial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Kroeber
Alfred Louis Kroeber (June 11, 1876 – October 5, 1960) was an American cultural anthropologist. He received his PhD under Franz Boas at Columbia University in 1901, the first doctorate in anthropology awarded by Columbia. He was also the first professor appointed to the Department of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley. He played an integral role in the early days of its Museum of Anthropology, where he served as director from 1909 through 1947. Kroeber provided detailed information about Ishi, the last surviving member of the Yahi people, whom he studied over a period of years. He was the father of the acclaimed novelist, poet, and writer of short stories Ursula K. Le Guin. Life Kroeber was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to parents of German Protestant origin. His mother Johanna Muller was an American of German descent; his father Florence Kroeber came to the United States from Germany at the age of ten, with his parents and family, and became an importer of Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaime De Angulo
Jaime de Angulo (1887–1950) was a linguist, novelist, and ethnomusicologist in the western United States. He was born in Paris of Spanish parents. He came to America in 1905 to become a cowboy, and eventually arrived in San Francisco on the eve of the great 1906 earthquake. He lived a picaresque life including stints as a cowboy, medical doctor and psychologist, a decade of field work in Native American linguistics and anthropology, and over forty years participation in the literary-artistic-bohemian culture of the San Francisco Bay Area. Career De Angulo began his career in field linguistics and anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley in the early 1920s, shortly after his marriage to L. S. ("Nancy") Freeland. (He had already acquired an M.D. from Johns Hopkins and done research in biology at Stanford.) During the next decade he and his wife lived for intermittent periods among several native Californian tribes to study their cultures, languages and music. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Native Californians
The indigenous peoples of California (known as Native Californians) are the indigenous inhabitants who have lived or currently live in the geographic area within the current boundaries of California before and after the arrival of Europeans. With over forty groups seeking to be federally recognized tribes, California has the second-largest Native American population in the United States. The California cultural area does not conform exactly to the state of California's boundaries. Many tribes on the eastern border with Nevada are classified as Great Basin tribes, and some tribes on the Oregon border are classified as Plateau tribes. Tribes in Baja California who do not cross into California are classified as indigenous peoples of Mexico. History Pre-contact Evidence of human occupation of California dates from at least 19,000 years ago. Prior to European contact, indigenous Californians had 500 distinct sub-tribes or groups, each consisting of 50 to 500 individual members. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Code-switching
In linguistics, code-switching or language alternation occurs when a speaker alternates between two or more languages, or language varieties, in the context of a single conversation or situation. Code-switching is different from plurilingualism in that plurilingualism refers to the ability of an individual to use multiple languages, while code-switching is the act of using multiple languages together. Multilingualism, Multilinguals (speakers of more than one language) sometimes use elements of multiple languages when conversing with each other. Thus, code-switching is the use of more than one linguistic variety in a manner consistent with the syntax and phonology of each variety. Code-switching may happen between Sentence (linguistics), sentences, sentence fragments, words, or Morpheme, individual morphemes (in synthetic languages). However, some linguists consider the Loanword, borrowing of words or morphemes from another language to be different from other types of code-switchin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sylvia M Sylvia may refer to: People *Sylvia (given name) *Sylvia (singer), American country music and country pop singer and songwriter *Sylvia Robinson, American singer, record producer, and record label executive * Sylvia Vrethammar, Swedish singer credited as "Sylvia" in Australia and the UK * Tim Sylvia, American mixed martial arts fighter * Colin Sylvia, Australian football player Places * Mount Sylvia, a former name of Xueshan on Taiwan Island *Mount Sylvia, Queensland, Australia * Sylvia, Kansas, a town in Kansas, United States * Sylvia's Restaurant of Harlem, New York City, New York, United States Art, entertainment, and media Comics * ''Sylvia'' (comic strip), a long-running comic strip by cartoonist Nicole Hollander Films * ''Sylvia'' (1961 film), an Australian television play * ''Sylvia'' (1965 film), an American drama film * ''Sylvia'' (1985 film), a New Zealand film about New Zealand educator Sylvia Ashton-Warner, * ''Sylvia'' (2003 film), a British biographical drama film a ... [...More Info...] |
.png "Click for more on -> Miwok Languages")
.jpg "Click for more on -> Native Californians")