Charles Auguste Émile Durand, known as Carolus-Duran (
Lille
Lille ( , ; nl, Rijsel ; pcd, Lile; vls, Rysel) is a city in the northern part of France, in French Flanders. On the river Deûle, near France's border with Belgium, it is the capital of the Hauts-de-France region, the prefecture of the N ...
4 July 1837 – 17 February 1917
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
), was a French painter and art instructor.
He is noted for his stylish depictions of members of
high society
High society, sometimes simply society, is the behavior and lifestyle of people with the highest levels of wealth and social status. It includes their related affiliations, social events and practices. Upscale social clubs were open to men based ...
in
Third Republic France.
Biography
He was the son of a hotel owner. His first drawing lessons were with a local sculptor named Augustin-Phidias Cadet de Beaupré (1800–?) at the
Académie de Lille; then took up painting with
François Souchon
François Souchon (1787 – 5 April 1857) was a French painter.
Early years
François Souchon was born in Alais, Gard, in 1787.
In 1809 he went to Paris to study painting. His father gave him a very small allowance while he was studying.
He bec ...
, a student of
Jacques Louis David. He went to Paris in 1853, where he adopted the name "Carolus-Duran". In 1859, he had his first exhibition at the
Salon. That same year, he began attending the
Académie Suisse
The Académie Suisse was a very popular, informal, art school founded by Martin François Suisse (1781–1859)From Filae.com, 23 juin 2021
Source: Registres journaliers d'inhumation des cimetières parisiens
Les documents d'origine sont consult ...
, where he studied until 1861. One of his early influences was the
Realism
Realism, Realistic, or Realists may refer to:
In the arts
*Realism (arts), the general attempt to depict subjects truthfully in different forms of the arts
Arts movements related to realism include:
*Classical Realism
*Literary realism, a move ...
of
Gustave Courbet
Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet ( , , ; 10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realism movement in 19th-century French painting. Committed to painting only what he could see, he rejected academic convention and ...
.
![Charles Auguste Émile Duran c1880](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Charles_Auguste_%C3%89mile_Duran_c1880.jpg)
From 1862 to 1866, he travelled to Rome and Spain, thanks to a scholarship granted by his hometown. During that time, he moved away from Courbet's style and became more interested in
Diego Velázquez. Upon returning to France, he was awarded his first gold medal at the Salon. His picture "Murdered," or "The Assassination" (1866), was one of his first successes, but he became best known afterwards as a portrait-painter, and as the head of one of the principal
atelier
An atelier () is the private workshop or studio of a professional artist in the fine or decorative arts or an architect, where a principal master and a number of assistants, students, and apprentices can work together producing fine art or ...
s in Paris, where some of the most brilliant artists of a later generation were his pupils.
In 1867, he became one of the nine members of the "Société Japonaise du Jinglar" (a type of wine); a group that included
Henri Fantin-Latour
Henri Fantin-Latour (14 January 1836 – 25 August 1904) was a French painter and lithographer best known for his flower paintings and group portraits of Parisian artists and writers.
Biography
He was born Ignace Henri Jean Théodore Fantin-La ...
,
Félix Bracquemond
Félix Henri Bracquemond (22 May 1833 – 29 October 1914) was a French painter, etcher, and printmaker. He played a key role in the revival of printmaking, encouraging artists such as Édouard Manet, Edgar Degas and Camille Pissarro to use th ...
and
Marc-Louis Solon
Marc-Louis-Emmanuel Solon (1835 – 23 June 1913), pseudonym ''Miles'', was a renowned French porcelain artist. After beginning his career at the Sèvres Pottery, he moved to Stoke-on-Trent in 1870 to work at Mintons Ltd, where he became the le ...
. They would meet once a month in
Sèvres
Sèvres (, ) is a commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris, in the Hauts-de-Seine department, Île-de-France region. The commune, which had a population of 23,251 as of 2018, is known for ...
for a dinner "à la Japonaise".
He married , a
pastellist and
miniaturist
A portrait miniature is a miniature portrait painting, usually executed in gouache, watercolor, or enamel. Portrait miniatures developed out of the techniques of the miniatures in illuminated manuscripts, and were popular among 16th-century eli ...
who had posed for his painting "The Lady in Gloves" in 1869. They had three children. Their eldest daughter, Marie-Anne, married the playwright
Georges Feydeau
Georges-Léon-Jules-Marie Feydeau (; 8 December 1862 – 5 June 1921) was a French playwright of the era known as the Belle Époque. He is remembered for his farces, written between 1886 and 1914.
Feydeau was born in Paris to middle-class parent ...
.
After 1870, he devoted himself almost entirely to portraits. His success allowed him to open a studio on the
Boulevard du Montparnasse
The Boulevard du Montparnasse is a two-way boulevard in Montparnasse, in the 6th, 14th and 15th arrondissements in Paris.
Situation
The boulevard joins the place Léon Paul Fargue and place Camille Jullian. The Tour Montparnasse and plac ...
, where he also gave painting lessons. He was named a Knight in the
Légion d'honneur
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon ...
in 1872; being promoted to Officer in 1878, Commander in 1889 and Grand Officer in 1900.
In 1889 and 1900 he served on the juries at the Expositions Universelles. In 1890, he was one of the co-founders of the second
Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts
Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts (SNBA; ; en, National Society of Fine Arts) was the term under which two groups of French artists united, the first for some exhibitions in the early 1860s, the second since 1890 for annual exhibitions.
1862
Es ...
and he was elected a member of the
Académie des Beaux-Arts
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, ...
in 1904. The following year, he was appointed Director of the
French Academy in Rome
The French Academy in Rome (french: Académie de France à Rome) is an Academy located in the Villa Medici, within the Villa Borghese, on the Pincio (Pincian Hill) in Rome, Italy.
History
The Academy was founded at the Palazzo Capranica in ...
, a position he held until 1913.
![Mme Carolus-Duran, née Pauline Croizette](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Mme_Carolus-Duran%2C_n%C3%A9e_Pauline_Croizette.jpg)
He was a frequent visitor to the resort at
Fréjus, where he owned a small villa. Following his death, the resort named a plaza and a beach after him.
Pupils
They include
John Singer Sargent,
Ralph Wormeley Curtis
Ralph Wormeley Curtis (August 28, 1854 – February 4, 1922) was an American painter and graphic artist in the Impressionist style. He spent most of his life in Europe, where he was a close associate of his distant cousin, John Singer Sargent, ...
,
Jan Stanisławski (painter)
Jan Stanisławski (24 June 1860, Vilshana, Russian Empire – 6 January 1907, Kraków, Austria-Hungary) was a Polish modernist painter, art educator, and founder and member of various innovative art groups and literary societies. In 1906 he bec ...
,
Kenyon Cox
Kenyon Cox (October 27, 1856 – March 17, 1919) was an American painter, illustrator, muralist, writer, and teacher. Cox was an influential and important early instructor at the Art Students League of New York. He was the designer of the League ...
Theodore Robinson
Theodore Robinson (June 3, 1852April 2, 1896) was an American painter best known for his Impressionist landscapes. He was one of the first American artists to take up Impressionism in the late 1880s, visiting Giverny and developing a close frien ...
,
Mariquita Jenny Moberly.
Mariette Leslie Cotton,
Maximilien Luce,
James Carroll Beckwith
James Carroll Beckwith (September 23, 1852 – October 24, 1917) was an American landscape, portrait and genre painter whose Naturalist style led to his recognition in the late nineteenth and very early twentieth century as a respected figure i ...
,
Will Hicok Low,
Mary Fairchild MacMonnies Low
Mary Fairchild MacMonnies Low (1858–1946), born in New Haven, Connecticut was an American painter who specialized in landscapes, genre paintings, and portraits.
Biography
Mary Fairchild MacMonnies Low studied at the St. Louis School of F ...
,
Paul Helleu
Paul may refer to:
*Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of people with that name)
* Paul (surname), a list of people
People
Christianity
*Paul the Apostle (AD c.5–c.64/65), also known as Saul of Tarsus or Saint Paul, early Chri ...
,
Alexandre Jean Baptiste Brun,
Robert Alan Mowbray Stevenson,
Lucy Lee-Robbins
Lucy Lee-Robbins (1865–1943) was an expatriate American painter living in France. She is known for her portraits of female nudes, an unusual subject for women painters in the late 19th century. She was the first female associate member of the So ...
,
Ramón Casas i Carbó,
Ernest Ange Duez and
James Cadenhead
James Cadenhead (12 January 1858 – 22 January 1927) was a Scotland, Scottish landscape and portrait painter. [Mowat, Alison (Ed.) (2013), ''James Cadenhead RSA RSW 1858 - 1927: His Letters Home as a Young Man'', Alison Mowat, pp. 98 - 100] Of his twenty-five most notable students, the majority were British or American.
Selected works
File:Madame Henry Fouquier, by Carolus Duran.jpg, ''Madame Henry Fouquier
Jacques François Henry Fouquier, (1 September 1838 – 25 December 1901) was a French journalist, writer, playwright and politician. He wrote for many newspapers and journals, often pseudonymously but with a style recognisably his own. He was best ...
''
(1876)
File:Carolus-Duran - Portrait of Edouard Manet.jpg, ''Édouard Manet
Édouard Manet (, ; ; 23 January 1832 – 30 April 1883) was a French modernist painter. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, as well as a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism.
Bo ...
'' (1880)
File:Anna Gould.jpg, '' Anna Gould''
File:Carolus-Duran---Natalie-at-.jpg, ''Natalie Clifford Barney
Natalie Clifford Barney (October 31, 1876 – February 2, 1972) was an American writer who hosted a literary salon at her home in Paris that brought together French and international writers. She influenced other authors through her salon and a ...
at age ten'' (ca. 1886–1887)
File:Emile Auguste Carolus-Duran - The Artist's Daughter, Marie-Anne.JPG, ''The Artist's Daughter,
Marie-Anne'' (1874)
File:Madame Ernest Feydeau, by Carolus Duran.jpg, Marie-Anne as ''Madame Feydeau'' (1897)
File:G Feydeau Carolus-Duran Lille 2918.jpg, ''Georges Feydeau
Georges-Léon-Jules-Marie Feydeau (; 8 December 1862 – 5 June 1921) was a French playwright of the era known as the Belle Époque. He is remembered for his farces, written between 1886 and 1914.
Feydeau was born in Paris to middle-class parent ...
''
(ca. 1900)
File:Brooklyn Museum - Portrait of Emily Warren Roebling - Charles-Émile-Auguste Carolus-Duran.jpg, ''Portrait of Emily Warren Roebling
Emily Warren Roebling (September 23, 1843 – February 28, 1903) was an engineer known for her contributions over a period of more than 10 years to the completion of the Brooklyn Bridge after her husband Washington Roebling developed caiss ...
'' (ca. 1896), Brooklyn Museum
File:Carolus-Duran - Merrymakers (1870).jpg, ''Merrymakers''
(1870)
File:Carolus-Duran, 1868 - Le baiser.jpg, ''Le Baiser (The Kiss)''
(1868) Self-portrait with his wife as newlyweds.
File:Mademoiselle de Lancey, by Carolus-Duran.jpg, ''Mademoiselle de Lancey''
File:Carolus-Duran - Equestrian Portrait of Mademoiselle Croizette.JPG, ''Equestrian Portrait of Mademoiselle Croizette'' (1873)
File:Scribner's magazine (1887) (14801544383).jpg, ''The Poet with the Mandolin'' (1887)
File:Carolus-Duran Retrato de D. Maria Pia.jpg, ''Maria Pia of Savoy
Dona Maria Pia (16 October 1847 – 5 July 1911) was by birth an Italian princess of the House of Savoy and was Queen of Portugal as spouse of King Luís I of Portugal. On the day of her baptism, Pope Pius IX, her godfather, gave her a Gold ...
'', Queen of Portugal (1883)
References
Attribution:
*
External links
Paintings of Carolus-Duran on Insecula*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Carolus-Duran
1837 births
1917 deaths
19th-century French painters
20th-century French male artists
20th-century French painters
Carolus-Duran
French male painters
French portrait painters
Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur
Members of the Académie des beaux-arts
Members of the Ligue de la patrie française
Artists from Lille
19th-century French male artists