Charles Auguste Émile Durand, known as Carolus-Duran (

Lille Lille ( , ; nl, Rijsel ; pcd, Lile; vls, Rysel) is a city in the northern part of France, in French Flanders. On the river Deûle, near France's border with Belgium, it is the capital of the Hauts-de-France Regions of France, region, the Pref ...

4 July 1837 – 17 February 1917

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

), was a French painter and art instructor. He is noted for his stylish depictions of members of

high society High society, sometimes simply society, is the behavior and lifestyle of people with the highest levels of wealth and social status. It includes their related affiliations, social events and practices. Upscale social clubs were open to men based ...

in Third Republic France.

Biography

He was the son of a hotel owner. His first drawing lessons were with a local sculptor named Augustin-Phidias Cadet de Beaupré (1800–?) at the Académie de Lille; then took up painting with

François Souchon François Souchon (1787 – 5 April 1857) was a French painter. Early years François Souchon was born in Alais, Gard, in 1787. In 1809 he went to Paris to study painting. His father gave him a very small allowance while he was studying. He bec ...

, a student of Jacques Louis David. He went to Paris in 1853, where he adopted the name "Carolus-Duran". In 1859, he had his first exhibition at the

Salon Salon may refer to: Common meanings * Beauty salon, a venue for cosmetic treatments * French term for a drawing room, an architectural space in a home * Salon (gathering), a meeting for learning or enjoyment Arts and entertainment * Salon (P ...

. That same year, he began attending the

Académie Suisse The Académie Suisse was a very popular, informal, art school founded by Martin François Suisse (1781–1859)From Filae.com, 23 juin 2021 Source: Registres journaliers d'inhumation des cimetières parisiens Les documents d'origine sont consult ...

, where he studied until 1861. One of his early influences was the

Realism Realism, Realistic, or Realists may refer to: In the arts *Realism (arts), the general attempt to depict subjects truthfully in different forms of the arts Arts movements related to realism include: *Classical Realism *Literary realism, a move ...

Gustave Courbet Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet ( , , ; 10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realism movement in 19th-century French painting. Committed to painting only what he could see, he rejected academic convention and t ...

From 1862 to 1866, he travelled to Rome and Spain, thanks to a scholarship granted by his hometown. During that time, he moved away from Courbet's style and became more interested in

Diego Velázquez Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (baptized June 6, 1599August 6, 1660) was a Spanish painter, the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV of Spain and Portugal, and of the Spanish Golden Age. He was an individualistic artist of th ...

. Upon returning to France, he was awarded his first gold medal at the Salon. His picture "Murdered," or "The Assassination" (1866), was one of his first successes, but he became best known afterwards as a portrait-painter, and as the head of one of the principal

atelier An atelier () is the private workshop or studio of a professional artist in the fine or decorative arts or an architect, where a principal master and a number of assistants, students, and apprentices can work together producing fine art or v ...

s in Paris, where some of the most brilliant artists of a later generation were his pupils. In 1867, he became one of the nine members of the "Société Japonaise du Jinglar" (a type of wine); a group that included

Henri Fantin-Latour Henri Fantin-Latour (14 January 1836 – 25 August 1904) was a French painter and lithographer best known for his flower paintings and group portraits of Parisian artists and writers. Biography He was born Ignace Henri Jean Théodore Fantin-La ...

Félix Bracquemond Félix Henri Bracquemond (22 May 1833 – 29 October 1914) was a French painter, etcher, and printmaker. He played a key role in the revival of printmaking, encouraging artists such as Édouard Manet, Edgar Degas and Camille Pissarro to use th ...

and

Marc-Louis Solon Marc-Louis-Emmanuel Solon (1835 – 23 June 1913), pseudonym ''Miles'', was a renowned French porcelain artist. After beginning his career at the Sèvres Pottery, he moved to Stoke-on-Trent in 1870 to work at Mintons Ltd, where he became the le ...

. They would meet once a month in

Sèvres Sèvres (, ) is a commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris, in the Hauts-de-Seine department, Île-de-France region. The commune, which had a population of 23,251 as of 2018, is known for i ...

for a dinner "à la Japonaise". He married , a pastellist and

miniaturist A portrait miniature is a miniature portrait painting, usually executed in gouache, watercolor, or enamel. Portrait miniatures developed out of the techniques of the miniatures in illuminated manuscripts, and were popular among 16th-century eli ...

who had posed for his painting "The Lady in Gloves" in 1869. They had three children. Their eldest daughter, Marie-Anne, married the playwright

Georges Feydeau Georges-Léon-Jules-Marie Feydeau (; 8 December 1862 – 5 June 1921) was a French playwright of the era known as the Belle Époque. He is remembered for his farces, written between 1886 and 1914. Feydeau was born in Paris to middle-class parent ...

. After 1870, he devoted himself almost entirely to portraits. His success allowed him to open a studio on the

Boulevard du Montparnasse The Boulevard du Montparnasse is a two-way boulevard in Montparnasse, in the 6th, 14th and 15th arrondissements in Paris. Situation The boulevard joins the place Léon Paul Fargue and place Camille Jullian. The Tour Montparnasse and plac ...

, where he also gave painting lessons. He was named a Knight in the

Légion d'honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon ...

in 1872; being promoted to Officer in 1878, Commander in 1889 and Grand Officer in 1900. In 1889 and 1900 he served on the juries at the Expositions Universelles. In 1890, he was one of the co-founders of the second

Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts (SNBA; ; en, National Society of Fine Arts) was the term under which two groups of French artists united, the first for some exhibitions in the early 1860s, the second since 1890 for annual exhibitions. 1862 Es ...

and he was elected a member of the

Académie des Beaux-Arts An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, ...

in 1904. The following year, he was appointed Director of the

French Academy in Rome The French Academy in Rome (french: Académie de France à Rome) is an Academy located in the Villa Medici, within the Villa Borghese, on the Pincio (Pincian Hill) in Rome, Italy. History The Academy was founded at the Palazzo Capranica in ...

, a position he held until 1913. Mme Carolus-Duran, née Pauline Croizette

He was a frequent visitor to the resort at Fréjus, where he owned a small villa. Following his death, the resort named a plaza and a beach after him.

Pupils

They include

John Singer Sargent John Singer Sargent (; January 12, 1856 – April 14, 1925) was an American expatriate artist, considered the "leading portrait painter of his generation" for his evocations of Edwardian-era luxury. He created roughly 900 oil paintings and more ...

Ralph Wormeley Curtis Ralph Wormeley Curtis (August 28, 1854 – February 4, 1922) was an American painter and graphic artist in the Impressionist style. He spent most of his life in Europe, where he was a close associate of his distant cousin, John Singer Sargent, ...

Jan Stanisławski (painter) Jan Stanisławski (24 June 1860, Vilshana, Russian Empire – 6 January 1907, Kraków, Austria-Hungary) was a Polish modernist painter, art educator, and founder and member of various innovative art groups and literary societies. In 1906 he bec ...

Kenyon Cox Kenyon Cox (October 27, 1856 – March 17, 1919) was an American Painting, painter, illustrator, muralist, writer, and teacher. Cox was an influential and important early instructor at the Art Students League of New York. He was the designer of t ...

Theodore Robinson Theodore Robinson (June 3, 1852April 2, 1896) was an American painter best known for his Impressionist landscapes. He was one of the first American artists to take up Impressionism in the late 1880s, visiting Giverny and developing a close frien ...

Mariquita Jenny Moberly Mariquita Jenny Moberly , ''née'' Phillips, (2 November 1855 – 1 November 1937) was an English artist, working in oil paints and watercolours. Biography Moberly was born on 2 November 1855 ''London, England, Church of England Births and B ...

. Mariette Leslie Cotton,

Maximilien Luce Maximilien Luce (13 March 1858 – 6 February 1941) was a prolific French Neo-impressionist artist, known for his paintings, illustrations, engravings, and graphic art, and also for his anarchist activism. Starting as an engraver, he then c ...

James Carroll Beckwith James Carroll Beckwith (September 23, 1852 – October 24, 1917) was an American landscape, portrait and genre painter whose Naturalist style led to his recognition in the late nineteenth and very early twentieth century as a respected figure i ...

, Will Hicok Low,

Mary Fairchild MacMonnies Low Mary Fairchild MacMonnies Low (1858–1946), born in New Haven, Connecticut was an American painter who specialized in landscapes, genre paintings, and portraits. Biography Mary Fairchild MacMonnies Low studied at the St. Louis School of F ...

Paul Helleu Paul may refer to: *Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of people with that name) * Paul (surname), a list of people People Christianity *Paul the Apostle (AD c.5–c.64/65), also known as Saul of Tarsus or Saint Paul, early Chri ...

, Alexandre Jean Baptiste Brun, Robert Alan Mowbray Stevenson,

Lucy Lee-Robbins Lucy Lee-Robbins (1865–1943) was an expatriate American painter living in France. She is known for her portraits of female nudes, an unusual subject for women painters in the late 19th century. She was the first female associate member of the So ...

, Ramón Casas i Carbó,

Ernest Ange Duez Ernest Ange Duez (also known as Ernest-Ange Duez and Ernest Duez, 8 March 1843 – 5 April 1896) was a French painter of genre art, genre scenes, portraits, landscapes and religious subjects. Although he was an admirer of Édouard Manet and owne ...

and

James Cadenhead James Cadenhead (12 January 1858 – 22 January 1927) was a Scotland, Scottish landscape and portrait painter.

Mowat, Alison (Ed.) (2013), ''James Cadenhead RSA RSW 1858 - 1927: His Letters Home as a Young Man'', Alison Mowat, pp. 98 - 100 Of his twenty-five most notable students, the majority were British or American. Carolus-Duran - Danae

Selected works

File:Madame Henry Fouquier, by Carolus Duran.jpg, ''Madame

Henry Fouquier Jacques François Henry Fouquier, (1 September 1838 – 25 December 1901) was a French journalist, writer, playwright and politician. He wrote for many newspapers and journals, often pseudonymously but with a style recognisably his own. He was best ...

''
(1876) File:Carolus-Duran - Portrait of Edouard Manet.jpg, ''

Édouard Manet Édouard Manet (, ; ; 23 January 1832 – 30 April 1883) was a French modernist painter. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, as well as a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism. Born ...

'' (1880) File:Anna Gould.jpg, '' Anna Gould'' File:Carolus-Duran---Natalie-at-.jpg, ''

Natalie Clifford Barney Natalie Clifford Barney (October 31, 1876 – February 2, 1972) was an American writer who hosted a literary salon at her home in Paris that brought together French and international writers. She influenced other authors through her salon and a ...

at age ten'' (ca. 1886–1887) File:Emile Auguste Carolus-Duran - The Artist's Daughter, Marie-Anne.JPG, ''The Artist's Daughter,
Marie-Anne'' (1874) File:Madame Ernest Feydeau, by Carolus Duran.jpg, Marie-Anne as ''Madame Feydeau'' (1897) File:G Feydeau Carolus-Duran Lille 2918.jpg, ''

''
(ca. 1900) File:Brooklyn Museum - Portrait of Emily Warren Roebling - Charles-Émile-Auguste Carolus-Duran.jpg, ''Portrait of

Emily Warren Roebling Emily Warren Roebling (September 23, 1843 – February 28, 1903) was an engineer known for her contributions over a period of more than 10 years to the completion of the Brooklyn Bridge after her husband Washington Roebling developed caiss ...

'' (ca. 1896),

Brooklyn Museum The Brooklyn Museum is an art museum located in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. At , the museum is New York City's second largest and contains an art collection with around 1.5 million objects. Located near the Prospect Heights, Crown H ...

File:Carolus-Duran - Merrymakers (1870).jpg, ''Merrymakers''
(1870) File:Carolus-Duran, 1868 - Le baiser.jpg, ''Le Baiser (The Kiss)''
(1868) Self-portrait with his wife as newlyweds. File:Mademoiselle de Lancey, by Carolus-Duran.jpg, ''Mademoiselle de Lancey'' File:Carolus-Duran - Equestrian Portrait of Mademoiselle Croizette.JPG, ''Equestrian Portrait of Mademoiselle Croizette'' (1873) File:Scribner's magazine (1887) (14801544383).jpg, ''The Poet with the

Mandolin A mandolin ( it, mandolino ; literally "small mandola") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is generally plucked with a pick. It most commonly has four courses of doubled strings tuned in unison, thus giving a total of 8 ...

'' (1887) File:Carolus-Duran Retrato de D. Maria Pia.jpg, ''

Maria Pia of Savoy Dona Maria Pia (16 October 1847 – 5 July 1911) was by birth an Italian princess of the House of Savoy and was Queen of Portugal as spouse of King Luís I of Portugal. On the day of her baptism, Pope Pius IX, her godfather, gave her a Golde ...

'', Queen of Portugal (1883)

References

Attribution: *

External links

Paintings of Carolus-Duran on Insecula
* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Carolus-Duran 1837 births 1917 deaths 19th-century French painters 20th-century French male artists 20th-century French painters Carolus-Duran French male painters French portrait painters Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur Members of the Académie des beaux-arts Members of the Ligue de la patrie française Artists from Lille 19th-century French male artists