Carlingford, New South Wales
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Carlingford () is a
suburb A suburb (more broadly suburban area) is an area within a metropolitan area. They are oftentimes where most of a metropolitan areas jobs are located with some being predominantly residential. They can either be denser or less densely populated ...
of
Sydney Sydney is the capital city of the States and territories of Australia, state of New South Wales and the List of cities in Australia by population, most populous city in Australia. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Syd ...
, in the state of
New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...
, Australia. Carlingford is north-west of the
Sydney central business district The Sydney central business district (CBD) is the historical and main Central business district, commercial centre of Sydney. The CBD is Sydney's city centre, or Sydney City, and the two terms are used interchangeably. Colloquially, the CBD or ...
in the
local government area A local government area (LGA) is an administrative division of a country that a local government is responsible for. The size of an LGA varies by country but it is generally a subdivision of a federated state, state, province, division (politica ...
of
City of Parramatta The City of Parramatta, also known as Parramatta Council, is a Local government in Australia, local government area located to the west and north-west of Sydney CBD in the Greater Western Sydney region. Parramatta Council is situated between th ...
. Carlingford sits at the meeting point of
Northern Sydney Northern Sydney is a large metropolitan area in Greater Sydney, New South Wales, Australia on the north shore of Sydney Harbour and Parramatta River. The region embraces suburbs in Sydney's north-east, north and inner north west. Northern Syd ...
and
Western Sydney Western may refer to: Places *Western, Nebraska, a village in the US *Western, New York, a town in the US * Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia * Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western world, countries that ...
sitting on both sides of Pennant Hills Road which generally acts as a divider of the two regions. While being part of City of Parramatta, it is sometimes referred to as being part of the Hills District.


History


Aboriginal contact

References to Aboriginal people in the Carlingford historical record in the 18th, 19th and into the 20th century remain limited to a handful of third-party observations, reinterpreted in modern day. There are many historical ambiguities and uncertainties around clan, language and cultural groups of the area. The people of what is now known as Carlingford at the time of the arrival of the
First Fleet The First Fleet were eleven British ships which transported a group of settlers to mainland Australia, marking the beginning of the History of Australia (1788–1850), European colonisation of Australia. It consisted of two Royal Navy vessel ...
at
Port Jackson Port Jackson, commonly known as Sydney Harbour, is a natural harbour on the east coast of Australia, around which Sydney was built. It consists of the waters of Sydney Harbour, Middle Harbour, North Harbour and the Lane Cove and Parramatta ...
in 1788 were the
Wallumedegal The Wallumettagal or Wallumedegal (derived from ''wallumai'', meaning snapper (fish)) tribe was an indigenous Aboriginal tribe that inhabited the area of Sydney today known as the Ryde–Hunters Hill area of the Northern Suburbs. Common Abori ...
or Wallumattagai people. The people were observed to live in the area bounded approximately by the
Parramatta River The Parramatta River is an intermediate tide-dominated, Ria, drowned valley estuary located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. With an average Altitude, height, and depth, depth of , the Parramatta River is the main tributary of Sydney Harbour ...
in the south, the
Lane Cove River The Lane Cove River, a northern tributary of the Parramatta River, is a tide-dominated, drowned valley estuary west of Sydney Harbour, located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The river winds through a bushland valley and joins Parramatt ...
in the east, the Parramatta area in the west and ranged north for an uncertain distance. The Wallumedegal appear to have been of the
Eora The Eora (; also ''Yura'') are an Aboriginal Australian people of New South Wales. Eora is the name given by the earliest European settlers to a group of Aboriginal people belonging to the clans along the coastal area of what is now known as ...
language group. The clan name seems to have been derived from ''wallumai'', the snapper fish, combined with ''matta'', a word used in association with 'place' or sometimes 'waterplace'. Evidence of fire-stick burn off (whereby native vegetation is cleared through fire to create grasslands) along the northern banks of the Parramatta River were observed in February 1788 by an exploring boat party headed by Captain John Hunter and Lieutenant William Bradley in such places which became known as
Kissing Point Kissing Point is a point on the Parramatta River about 2 km south of Ryde, located in the suburb of Putney. Historically, the name referred to a much wider area than the current-day point; and perhaps originally to the point near Ryde Bridg ...
and Meadowbank. The grasslands created by the Aboriginals' burn off encouraged animals to graze and enhanced the ease of hunting and gathering. Around and above these pastures backing up into the Carlingford area were thick, tall stands of
Blue Gum High Forest The Blue Gum High Forest of the Sydney Basin Bioregion is a wet sclerophyll forest found in the northern parts of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It has been classified as critically endangered species, critically endangered, under the New Sou ...
. Aboriginal people in the
Parramatta Parramatta (; ) is a suburb (Australia), suburb and major commercial centre in Greater Western Sydney. Parramatta is located approximately west of the Sydney central business district, Sydney CBD, on the banks of the Parramatta River. It is co ...
area began moving to new areas soon after the arrival of the colonists at
Port Jackson Port Jackson, commonly known as Sydney Harbour, is a natural harbour on the east coast of Australia, around which Sydney was built. It consists of the waters of Sydney Harbour, Middle Harbour, North Harbour and the Lane Cove and Parramatta ...
. A military post was established at Parramatta in November 1788 which resulted in a group of Burramattagal people moving into Wallumedegal area at
Kissing Point Kissing Point is a point on the Parramatta River about 2 km south of Ryde, located in the suburb of Putney. Historically, the name referred to a much wider area than the current-day point; and perhaps originally to the point near Ryde Bridg ...
. The impact of illness on local people in the immediate years after arrival has been considered to be due to smallpox. Increasingly this belief is questioned as to the feasibility of such an illness being carried for 15 months at sea. Early land grants in the Carlingford area in the 1790s included those to Cox, Mobbs and Arndell.Jervis, p. 21, 206 Around 1800 about 100 Aboriginal people were noted as living around Cox's Brush Farm on the Carlingford- Eastwood border. By 1827 the numbers of Aboriginal people in the area were observed to have dropped considerably.


Colonial period 1788–1900


Etymology

The name Carlingford came into use officially on 16 July 1883 for the name of the post office located at Mobbs Hill. There are varying accounts of how the name Carlingford was suggested. One version was that local Frederick Cox heard one of his employees describe similarities between Mobbs Hill and the town of
Carlingford, County Louth Carlingford (; ) is a coastal town and civil parish in northern County Louth, Ireland. For the purposes of local government, the town is part of the Dundalk Municipal District. It is situated on the southern shore of Carlingford Lough with S ...
, located in the east of Ireland, on the present day border between
Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ; ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland. It has been #Descriptions, variously described as a country, province or region. Northern Ireland shares Repub ...
and the
Republic of Ireland Ireland ( ), also known as the Republic of Ireland (), is a country in Northwestern Europe, north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 Counties of Ireland, counties of the island of Ireland, with a population of about 5.4 million. ...
. Alternatively, and perhaps a happy alignment with the former version, was that Carlingford was named in honour of Lord Carlingford, who was the British
Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies The Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies was a junior Ministerial post in the United Kingdom government, subordinate to the Secretary of State for the Colonies and, from 1948, also to a Minister of State. Under-Secretaries of State for the Col ...
1847–1860. Prior to 1883 the locality was known under various names and lacked any clear boundaries. The fluidity in district names in the colonial period reflected changes in the patterns of land use and access to the area as the process of colonisation proceeded. Names of nearby areas were sometimes vaguely associated with what became Carlingford and even after that name was settled usage remained fluid for a time. The Ponds referred from 1791 to the nearby valley (later known as Dundas Valley). The Eastern Farms (east of
Parramatta Parramatta (; ) is a suburb (Australia), suburb and major commercial centre in Greater Western Sydney. Parramatta is located approximately west of the Sydney central business district, Sydney CBD, on the banks of the Parramatta River. It is co ...
) in 1792 to what became the
Ryde Ryde is an English seaside town and civil parish on the north-east coast of the Isle of Wight. The built-up area had a population of 24,096 according to the 2021 Census. Its growth as a seaside resort came after the villages of Upper Ryde and ...
district. The Northern Boundary broadly referred to the limits of settlement north of Parramatta and could be used variably to include areas later known as
North Rocks North Rocks is a suburb straddling the Hills District and the North Shore of Parramatta within Greater Western Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia, located north-west of the Sydney central business district. Following the am ...
, Carlingford,
Pennant Hills Pennant Hills is a suburb in the Northern Sydney region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Pennant Hills is located 18 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of Hornsby Shire. History The ...
or
North Parramatta North Parramatta is a suburb on the North Shore of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. North Parramatta is north-west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of the City of Parramatta. History T ...
. The Field of Mars Common was established in 1804 in the area to the north west of what was to become Carlingford and the parish of the same name was established in 1821. The name Field of Mars too was used loosely to cover anywhere from Ermington to Epping including Carlingford. North Brush was also used variously to identify the bush north of the
Parramatta River The Parramatta River is an intermediate tide-dominated, Ria, drowned valley estuary located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. With an average Altitude, height, and depth, depth of , the Parramatta River is the main tributary of Sydney Harbour ...
covering what is now known as
West Ryde West Ryde is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. West Ryde is located 16 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Ryde and is part of the Northern S ...
, Eastwood, Carlingford and Dundas. Brush Farm on the later border between Carlingford and Eastwood took its name from this usage and was applied to the estate (c. early 1800s) and then the house on the land (c.1820s). Mobbs Hill was named after the Mobbs family whose land was nearby. Pennant Hills referred variously to the ridge from Dundas to Mobbs Hill, the quarry in what is now Dundas Valley and the Government wharf at Ermington (1817). Pennant Hills was used in naming the location of St Paul's Church built on Mobbs Hill in 1850 and the associated denominational school which commenced around the same time. The school occupied purpose built premises next to the church from 1872 (demolished in the 1970s). When the new public school opened in the same building in January 1883 it was called Pennant Hills South Public School, changing its name to Carlingford Public School in 1887, shortly before moving into new premises across the road. By that date, the name Carlingford had become associated with the locality up to
North Rocks North Rocks is a suburb straddling the Hills District and the North Shore of Parramatta within Greater Western Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia, located north-west of the Sydney central business district. Following the am ...
and
Pennant Hills Pennant Hills is a suburb in the Northern Sydney region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Pennant Hills is located 18 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of Hornsby Shire. History The ...
referred to the area beyond. However, when the railway line opened from Clyde to the Carlingford district in April 1896 the station was called Pennant Hills (the station being on
Pennant Hills Road Pennant Hills Road is a arterial road located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The road links the suburb of Wahroonga in the northeast, to the major central business district of Parramatta in the southwest. Apart from a small section at ...
) but was later changed to Carlingford in August 1901. There was another Carlingford railway station earlier on. When the main northern railway line opened in September 1886 what was to become Epping Station (name adopted in July 1899) was called Field of Mars, then Carlingford (adopted in April 1887) with the area between it and the Carlingford district to the west known as East Carlingford after the post office of that name opened in October 1890. The Epping area had also been referred to formerly as Barren Ridges.


Orchard country

The need for food and economic development in the colony expanded white settlement to Parramatta in late 1788. Over the 1790s land grants for farms in the Parramatta area extended to what is now known as the Carlingford district, Kissing Point, North Brush, The Ponds, Field of Mars. Grants were given to Cox, Mobbs, Arndell and others. Hard labour was required to clear land of the thick bush and then to cultivate, fence and provide housing. Many struggled with low yields of grain, lack of pig, sheep and cattle stock and isolation. Land ownership often turned over many times with larger land owners moving in during the early 1800s including Holt, Barrington, Randal, Kent,
Samuel Marsden Samuel Marsden (25 June 1765 – 12 May 1838) was an English-born priest of the Church of England in Australia and a prominent member of the Church Missionary Society. He played a leading role in bringing Christianity to New Zealand. Marsden w ...
and John Macarthur. Fruit growing had become the primary industry in the area by the 1830s as the larger estates were divided into smaller tenant or owner occupied holdings and a second wave of settlers moved into the area. Orange, other citrus, stone fruit, apple and pear orchards were common interspersed with crops such as potatoes and peas. Familiar names in the district, often from a convict background, had set down roots including the Mobbs, Eyles, Spurway, Sonter and other families. Other economic activity in the district included timber getting from around 1817 with the government convict sawmill operating until about 1830 at the Pennant Hills Sawing Establishment at Barren Ridges (Epping). Timber was hauled to the Pennant Hills Wharf opened in 1817 at Ermington on the Parramatta River. Timber continued to be cut by private contractors into the 20th century. The Pennant Hills blue metal quarry at Dundas was also active from the 1830s. A public telephone and telegraph service at the Carlingford Post Office began in December 1892 and gas mains were entering the district around the same time. On the eve of Federation, Carlingford was struggling through the great 1890s economic depression but was poised to once again become a prosperous agricultural district. It had a private railway to take goods to market, '... a public school with 235 scholars and staff of six teachers, telephone and money order office, two lines of coaches, five stores, and blacksmith and baker's shop'.


After Federation 1901


Early century

The newly federated nation of Australia was at war when it came into existence on 1 January 1901, with some local men away serving for the British in the
Second Anglo-Boer war The Second Boer War (, , 11 October 189931 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, Transvaal War, Anglo–Boer War, or South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer republics (the South African Republic an ...
in South Africa. Locally the failing private railway from Clyde to Pennant Hills had been taken over by the state government. With the latter station renamed Carlingford, the line reopened on 1 August 1901. Alongside existing orchards, new nurseries and market gardens began to increase in number. While Carlingford was still distinctly rural, technological change in the district continued with the establishment of the Pennant Hills Wireless Telegraphy Station in 1912, extension of telephone lines, and the arrival of electric power in 1922. Additionally the area saw the laying of reticulated water mains in 1908, the creation of a metropolitan water storage reservoir on Mobbs Hill in 1916, and the installation of a public drinking-water fountain in the middle of the road at Mobbs Hill in 1911. The area also underwent a transition from horse drawn road transport to motorized, which led to the removal of the Mobbs Hill drinking fountain 1929 as it had become a hazard to the increased volume of motorized traffic. A Mechanics' Institute and Memorial Hall, designed by Sydney architect and Carlingford resident Lord Livingstone Ramsay, was opened at Mobbs Hill in 1924 (demolished 1987) and was the centre of many social events, political rallies, fetes and school activities. The 1930s
Great Depression The Great Depression was a severe global economic downturn from 1929 to 1939. The period was characterized by high rates of unemployment and poverty, drastic reductions in industrial production and international trade, and widespread bank and ...
contracted economic activity and the people of Carlingford struggled on. Owners of farms had relatively easier access to food than labourers.


Children's homes

In April 1923 the Wesley Central Mission/ City Central Methodist Mission established the Dalmar Children's Homes on of land near Marsden Road in the eastern end of the suburb. The property eventually had many cottages, together with a hospital, an orchard and vegetable gardens. The land is now the site of the Alan Walker Retirement Village. The suburb was also home to several homes for children operated by the
Anglican Diocese of Sydney The Diocese of Sydney is a diocese in Sydney, within the Province of New South Wales of the Anglican Church of Australia. The majority of the diocese is evangelical and low church in tradition. The diocese goes as far as Lithgow in the wes ...
since the 1920s: The Church of England Boys' Home, Church of England Girls' Home, and the Havilah Children's Home, Tress Manning Temporary Care, and Field Cottage. Land owned by the homes has since been developed for housing, with street names such as Trigg, Marella, Carramar, Buckland and Lisgar reflecting the names of individual houses or Anglican Home Mission Society services. Boys' Home buildings and grounds are now the regional base and
Sydney Australia Temple The Sydney Australia Temple is the 30th constructed and 28th operating temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Located in Carlingford, a suburb in Baulkham Hills Shire north of Sydney, Australia, this was the l ...
of
the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, informally known as the LDS Church or Mormon Church, is a Nontrinitarianism, nontrinitarian Restorationism, restorationist Christianity, Christian Christian denomination, denomination and the ...
. Girls' Home property in the south of the suburb has become, since 1974, Anglicare's Kingsdene Special School for severely to profoundly intellectually disabled children, as well as the American International School.


Urbanization

As Sydney rapidly expanded, following World War II, Carlingford underwent rapid
urbanization Urbanization (or urbanisation in British English) is the population shift from Rural area, rural to urban areas, the corresponding decrease in the proportion of people living in rural areas, and the ways in which societies adapt to this change. ...
.
James Ruse Agricultural High School James Ruse Agricultural High School (colloquially known as Ruse or JR) is a government-funded co-educational academically selective and specialist secondary day school, located in the Sydney suburb of Carlingford, New South Wales, Australia ...
, established in 1959, is a testament to the agricultural history of Carlingford as well as the rapid pace of urbanisation; which soon made the school, and its large farm, somewhat of an anomaly amongst the 1970s and 1980s housing which dominate the suburb. Soon after James Ruse there followed upper-end housing. An example of which is Carlingford's Calinda Manse, a nine bedroom property. More recently, in the 1990s, the government policy of
urban consolidation Urban consolidation describes the policy of constraining further development and population growth to within the boundaries of preexisting urban areas rather than expanding outward into suburban areas. Urban consolidation seeks to increase the po ...
has seen the development of high-density units and
apartment block A tower block, high-rise, apartment tower, residential tower, apartment block, block of flats, or office tower is a tall building, as opposed to a low-rise building and is defined differently in terms of height depending on the jurisdiction. ...
s around the town centre and the train station. There have also been redevelopments of older houses into medium-density
townhouse A townhouse, townhome, town house, or town home, is a type of Terraced house, terraced housing. A modern townhouse is often one with a small footprint on multiple floors. In a different British usage, the term originally referred to any type o ...
s, and duplex housing. In 1961, the memorial was unveiled, and stands as a prominent feature in Carlingford, passed by thousands of motorists along
Pennant Hills Road Pennant Hills Road is a arterial road located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The road links the suburb of Wahroonga in the northeast, to the major central business district of Parramatta in the southwest. Apart from a small section at ...
each day. The first large shopping centre opened in 1965 as the Carlingford Village on a former orchard and nursery site. After redevelopment in the 1970s it was renamed Carlingford Court. Additional redevelopments of the centre occurred in the late 1990s with further changes when the
Myer Myer (stylised MYER) is an Australian mid-range to upscale department store. It trades in all Australian states and one of Australia's two self-governing territories. Myer retails a broad range of products across women's, men's, and child ...
department store closed on 31 March 2006. The old 19th century and early 20th century shops and houses on the corner of Pennant Hills and Marsden Roads at Mobbs Hill were demolished in the 1970s, and "The Orchard" shopping centre was built on the site, and after later redevelopment it was renamed as Carlingford Village. The rural guise of the district has largely disappeared: rapid urbanisation, subdivision, population growth and advent of car clogged roads has changed the area completely.


Heritage

The Carlingford and nearby district hosts a wide range of built and natural heritage sites. These include Aboriginal cultural sites, houses, public buildings, churches, gardens, regeneration sites, industrial, war memorials, road infrastructure and former farm sites. Some of these are formally listed on th
NSW State Heritage Register
or identified in the NSW State Inventory. Several are also appear on th
Register of the National Estate
As with much of suburban Sydney, many sites have been destroyed through years of development or neglect. A handful of Carlingford and district's heritage sites include: * Barrengarry House and outbuildings (c.1888) (now part of James Ruse Agricultural High School) * Blaxland House, Brush Farm (c.1820), 19 Lawson Street, Eastwood * Carlingford Produce Store (1902), 1 Thallon Street, Carlingford (demolished) * Carlingford Public School building and cottage (1887), Marsden Rd, Carlingford * Cemetery (1850), Marsden Road, Carlingford * Old Dundas Quarry (Geological Corridor through Time), Evans Rd, Dundas Valley * Galaringi Reserve, 356 Marsden Road, Carlingford * Lauriston House (mid 1870s), Marsden Road, Dundas * Marsden Road Uniting Church (1865), 203 Marsden Road, Carlingford * Calinda Mansion, (late 1900s), 36 Felton Road, Carlingford * Mobbs Hill Reservoir (1916), 224 Marsden Road, Carlingford * Redstone (aka Winter House) (1935), architect: Walter Burley Griffin, Telopea * Former St Paul's Anglican Church (1850), 346 Marsden Road, Carlingford Carlingford was a favourite spot for the Northwood Group of landscape painters. In the 1930s-1940s this social group would gather to paint outdoors and included
Lloyd Rees Lloyd Frederic Rees (17 March 18952 December 1988) was an Australian landscape Painting, painter who twice won the Wynne Prize for his landscape paintings. Most of Rees's works are preoccupied with depicting the effects of light and emphasis ...
,
Roland Wakelin Roland Wakelin (17 April 1887 – 28 May 1971) was a New Zealand-born Australian painter and teacher. Early life Roland Shakespeare Wakelin was born on 17 April 1887 in Greytown, New Zealand, Greytown, New Zealand. He studied at Wellington Te ...
, John Santry, Marie Santry and George Lawrence. Wakelin completed a number of paintings inspired by the district. Three include: ''Carlingford Pastoral'' (1935) incorporates built heritage elements of the Mobbs Hill landscape – two water reservoirs, St Paul's Church and the church hall;
Afternoon, Carlingford
' (1949) inspired by Carlingford hills, houses and farms; similarly,
House at Carlingford
' (1950) was inspired by the locale's buildings and land.


Commercial areas

The major Carlingford shopping and commercial areas are located on
Pennant Hills Road Pennant Hills Road is a arterial road located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The road links the suburb of Wahroonga in the northeast, to the major central business district of Parramatta in the southwest. Apart from a small section at ...
. The main, two small to medium-sized
shopping centre A shopping center in American English, shopping centre in English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth English (see American and British English spelling differences#-re, -er, spelling differences), shopping complex, shopping arcade, ...
s are Carlingford Court and Carlingford Village, (which has a JUSCO). There are several shopping strips across the suburb, including but not limited to; on the corner of Pennant Hills Rd and Marsden Road ('at the top' of Mobbs Hill), on Pennant Hills Road near
Carlingford Railway Station Carlingford light rail station is a light rail station and former suburban railway station located on the Parramatta Light Rail, serving the Sydney suburb of Carlingford. It is served by Sydney Light Rail L4 Westmead & Carlingford line serv ...
('at the bottom' of Mobbs Hill), on Mobbs Lane, to the north on Carmen Drive, and Carlingford North shops off North Rocks Rd near Pennant Parade. Carlingford Court (opened in 1965 as "Carlingford Village") on the corner of Pennant Hills and Carlingford Roads is a medium-sized suburban shopping centre featuring supermarkets, department and variety stores, and specialty shops. Carlingford Village (opened in the 1970s as "The Orchard" shopping centre) on the corner of Pennant Hills and Marsden Roads on top of Mobbs Hill includes many Asian food outlets.


Transport

Much of Carlingford has relatively limited public transport access, which is reflected in the low public transport patronage by commuters. At the 2011 census, 18.1% of employed people travelled to work on public transport and 64.1% by car (either as driver or as passenger).


Roads

At the 2011 census, 64.1% of employed people travelled to work by car: 59.5% as driver and 4.3% as passenger. The Cumberland Highway, a major north–south route through greater Sydney, intersects Carlingford in the form of Pennant Hills Road. As well, many motorists commuting from the Hills District and the growing north-west areas of Sydney travel through Carlingford to the city. The
M2 Hills Motorway M2 Hills Motorway is a tolled urban motorway in Sydney, New South Wales that is part of the Sydney Orbital Network and the National Highway west of Pennant Hills Road. Owned by toll road operator Transurban, it forms majority of Sydney's ...
, part of the Sydney orbital road, runs through northern Carlingford providing a route to the city and
North Sydney North Sydney is a suburb and commercial district on the Lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. And is the administrative centre for the local government area of North Sydney Council. History The Indigenous people on the s ...
. Since the Westlink M7 Motorway was finished, completing the Sydney Orbital, it has replaced the Cumberland Highway as the north–south national highway. The area of Carlingford to the east of Pennant Hills Road and North of Carlingford Road, was built mostly in the years, post World War II. There is an area of streets named after famous North African battle fields.


Buses

There are several bus routes through Carlingford. Major bus stations are located at Carlingford Court Shopping Centre, Carlingford Railway Station and Oakes Road M2 bus stop. State Transit 513 Carlingford Court to Meadowbank Wharf via Telopea, Dundas Valley, West Ryde 546 Epping to Parramatta via Ray Road, Carlingford Court, Carlingford Station, Jenkins Road, Farnell Avenue, Balaka Drive, North Rocks Shopping Centre, Statham Avenue, Bettington Road 549 Epping to Parramatta via Ray Road, Pennant Parade, North Rocks Road, O’Connell Avenue 550 Macquarie Park to Parramatta via Macquarie Centre and University, Epping Road, Epping Station, Carlingford Road, Pennant Hills Road 553 Beecroft to West Pennant Hills / North Rocks via Murray Farm Road, Orchard Road, North Rocks Road, Oakes Road Hillsbus 535 Carlingford line replacement service to Parramatta via Telopea, Dundas, Rydalmere and Rosehill Stations M2 services stop at Oakes Road, destinations include Queen Victoria Building, Milson's Point, Macquarie Park, Baulkham Hills, Castle Hill, Kellyville, Rouse Hill 625 Pennant Hills Station to Parramatta via Pennant Hills Road 630 Epping to Blacktown via Carlingford Road, Pennant Hills Road, North Rocks Road, Barclay Road, Baulkham Hills, Winston Hills, Seven Hills Previous operator Harris Park Transport ceased operations in December 2004 with routes 620–630.


Rail

Carlingford railway station Carlingford light rail station is a light rail station and former suburban railway station located on the Parramatta Light Rail, serving the Sydney suburb of Carlingford. It is served by Sydney Light Rail L4 Westmead & Carlingford line serv ...
was the terminus of the Carlingford Line on the
Sydney Trains Sydney Trains is the brand name and operator of Railways in Sydney, suburban and intercity train services in and around Greater Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. The metropolitan part of the network is a hybrid urban rail, urban-suburban r ...
network. The Carlingford Line, which opened on 20 April 1896 as a private railway, then as a public line on 1 August 1901, was a mostly single-track line. Trains operated as all stops services to Clyde railway station every 30 or 60 minutes, before terminating where passengers would then have to change for a train service to the city. Consequently, the service had low patronage. As part of the CityRail Clearways Project, a passing loop was promised for the Carlingford Line with two services per hour all day to become effective in 2010. This was however scrapped in the 2008 mini-budget. A conversion of the Camellia to Carlingford section of the Carlingford railway line to light rail was announced in 2015 as part of the
Parramatta Light Rail The Parramatta Light Rail is a Standard-gauge railway, standard gauge Light rail in Sydney, light rail line in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The first stage of the line runs from Westmead, New South Wales, Westmead to Carlingford, New S ...
project. On 5 January 2020, the railway line shut down between Clyde and Carlingford railway stations to commence construction of the Parramatta Light Rail Project, due to be opened in late 2024. A bus service, Route 535, running all stops between
Parramatta railway station Parramatta railway station is a heritage-listed railway station located on the Main Western railway line, Main Western line, serving Parramatta in New South Wales, Australia. It is served by Sydney Trains' North Shore & Western Line, T1 Wester ...
and ex-Carlingford Railway Station, was introduced as a measure to replace the rail service during the construction. The light rail station opened in 20 December 2024, serving as the terminus for the L4 Westmead & Carlingford line.


Schools

Carlingford is the location of a large number of
public In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociology, sociological concept of the ''Öf ...
and
private school A private school or independent school is a school not administered or funded by the government, unlike a State school, public school. Private schools are schools that are not dependent upon national or local government to finance their fina ...
s. *
Carlingford High School Carlingford High School is a comprehensive, co-educational government high school located at 547 North Rocks Road Carlingford, New South Wales 2118. The school had over 1531 enrollments in 2023. History The decision to build a new high scho ...
*Carlingford Public School (see early school history above under Etymology) *Carlingford West Public School * Cumberland High School *
James Ruse Agricultural High School James Ruse Agricultural High School (colloquially known as Ruse or JR) is a government-funded co-educational academically selective and specialist secondary day school, located in the Sydney suburb of Carlingford, New South Wales, Australia ...
(Selective) * Murray Farm Public School *Roselea Public School *St Gerard's Primary Catholic School


Places of worship

As with much of northern Sydney, Carlingford also has a comparatively large number of Christian churches of many denominations. These include: * Carlingford Uniting Church * Marsden Road Uniting Church * Carlingford Baptist Church * Carlingford Presbyterian Church * Carlingford St. Gerard Majella Catholic Church * St. Paul's Anglican Church * Carlingford Iglesia Ni Cristo Church of Christ * Carlingford C3 Church Other places of worship include: * The Pacific headquarters and
Sydney Australia Temple The Sydney Australia Temple is the 30th constructed and 28th operating temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Located in Carlingford, a suburb in Baulkham Hills Shire north of Sydney, Australia, this was the l ...
of
the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, informally known as the LDS Church or Mormon Church, is a Nontrinitarianism, nontrinitarian Restorationism, restorationist Christianity, Christian Christian denomination, denomination and the ...
was constructed in Carlingford in 1984. * There is a Mahāyāna Buddhist temple at Man Su Vihara.


Sport

Carlingford has many sporting clubs participating in many different sports, and at many locations around the Hills District, including: *Carlingford Baseball *Carlingford Bowling Sports & Recreation Club *Carlingford Comets Netball Club *Carlingford Cougars Junior Rugby League Football Club *Carlingford Netball Club (NetSetGo accredited) *Carlingford United Football Club *Carlingford Waratah Cricket Club *Roselea Football Club *Roselea Ladybirds Netball Club


Services

The Carlingford telephone exchange is located at 413 North Rocks Rd. It serves telephony for Carlingford and nearby suburbs such as Dundas Valley, Telopea and North Rocks. A major electricity
substation A substation is a part of an electrical Electricity generation, generation, electric power transmission, transmission, and electric power distribution, distribution system. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or pe ...
, operated by
Integral Energy Integral energy is the amount of energy required to remove water from soil with an initial water content \theta_i to water content of \theta_f (where \theta_i > \theta_f). It is calculated by integrating the water retention curve, soil water pote ...
, is located at the corner of Pennant Hills Road and Jenkins Road. The same site also houses one of the major communications relay towers in northern Sydney. The substation previously had a rail siding from the adjacent Carlingford Line; the siding was opened in 1954, and closed in the late 1980s.Forsyth, (1988–93), p. 74.


Population


Demographics

In the
Australian Bureau of Statistics The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) is an List of Australian Government entities, Australian Government agency that collects and analyses statistics on economic, population, Natural environment, environmental, and social issues to advi ...
2021 census, the population of Carlingford stood at 28,044 residents, with 13,912 males and 14,132 females. Age distribution In the 2021 census, the median age was 38, compared with 38 for the whole of Australia. Children aged up to 14 years made up 20.8% of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 16.0% of the population. Place of Birth In the 2021 census, 42.0% of people were born in Australia, with 19.4% born in China (excluding SARs and Taiwan), 4.9% in Hong Kong, 4.9% in India and 4.5% in South Korea. Languages In the 2021 census, 32.9% of people only spoke English at home, while 22.1% spoke
Mandarin Mandarin or The Mandarin may refer to: Language * Mandarin Chinese, branch of Chinese originally spoken in northern parts of the country ** Standard Chinese or Modern Standard Mandarin, the official language of China ** Taiwanese Mandarin, Stand ...
, 13.2% spoke
Cantonese Cantonese is the traditional prestige variety of Yue Chinese, a Sinitic language belonging to the Sino-Tibetan language family. It originated in the city of Guangzhou (formerly known as Canton) and its surrounding Pearl River Delta. While th ...
, 6.3% spoke
Korean Korean may refer to: People and culture * Koreans, people from the Korean peninsula or of Korean descent * Korean culture * Korean language **Korean alphabet, known as Hangul or Korean **Korean dialects **See also: North–South differences in t ...
, 2.4% spoke
Urdu Urdu (; , , ) is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. It is the Languages of Pakistan, national language and ''lingua franca'' of Pakistan. In India, it is an Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of Indi ...
and 2.1% spoke
Hindi Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...
. Religion In the 2021 census, 39.0% of people identify themselves as having no religion, 14.9%
Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...
and 6.6%
Anglican Anglicanism, also known as Episcopalianism in some countries, is a Western Christianity, Western Christian tradition which developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the ...
.


Politics

Carlingford falls under the jurisdiction of the
City of Parramatta The City of Parramatta, also known as Parramatta Council, is a Local government in Australia, local government area located to the west and north-west of Sydney CBD in the Greater Western Sydney region. Parramatta Council is situated between th ...
. It falls in the
Commonwealth A commonwealth is a traditional English term for a political community founded for the common good. The noun "commonwealth", meaning "public welfare, general good or advantage", dates from the 15th century. Originally a phrase (the common-wealth ...
electorate of
Parramatta Parramatta (; ) is a suburb (Australia), suburb and major commercial centre in Greater Western Sydney. Parramatta is located approximately west of the Sydney central business district, Sydney CBD, on the banks of the Parramatta River. It is co ...
and the
State State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...
electorate of Epping. Most of the electoral divisions that Carlingford lies within have historically been held by the
Liberal Party of Australia The Liberal Party of Australia (LP) is the prominent centre-right political party in Australia. It is considered one of the two major parties in Australian politics, the other being the Australian Labor Party (ALP). The Liberal Party was fo ...
. The exception is the electoral division and district of Parramatta which include sections south of the Parramatta River, making the overall seats more marginal in nature.


Notes


Bibliography

* Britton, Alexander (1894). ''History of New South Wales from the Records, Vol. II'', Sydney: Government Printer * Brook, J. and Kohen, J. L. (1991). ''The Parramatta Native Institution and the Black Town: a history'', Kensington: University of NSW Press * Campbell, Judith (2002). ''Invisible invaders: smallpox and other diseases in Aboriginal Australia 1780–1880, ''Melbourne'': ''Melbourne University Press * Carr, Pullen and McCluskey (1990). ''Transport in the Hills District 1805–1990'', Parramatta: Hills District Historical Society Inc. and Macarthur Press * Forsyth, John H. (1982). ''Station names: date of opening, closing and/or change of name, meaning or origin of name'', Sydney: State Rail Authority of New South Wales * Forsyth, John H. (editor) (1988–93). ''Stations & tracks; Vol. 1: main suburban & branches -- Illawarra & branches, ''Sydney: State Rail Authority of New South Wales * Garland, Roger (1983). ''Carlingford Public School centenary, 1883–1983'', Carlingford: Carlingford Public School * Hawkins, R. (unpublished manuscript 2011). ''Aboriginal life in the Blue Gum High Forest ''referenced in The Aboriginal heritage of Beecroft and Cheltenham
Beecroft and Cheltenham History Group web site
retrieved 4 Sep 2013) * Hibble, Walter (1914). ''Early history of Ryde and surrounding districts, ''Sydney'': ''Journal and Proceedings Royal Australian Historical Society'', ''vol.III, part VI, 1916 * Holt, Joseph (editor O’Shaghnessy, Peter) (c.1988). ''A rum story: the adventures of Joseph Holt, thirteen years in New South Wales (1800–12)'', Kenthurst: Kangaroo Press * Hopson, N. C. and Tobin, R. (1999). ''NSW and ACT post, receiving, telegraph & telephone offices: their circular date-stamps and postal history'', Sydney: self-published * Jervis, James (reprint 1978). ''The cradle city of Australia: a history of Parramatta 1788–1961'', Sydney: John Sands * McAndrew, Alex (1999). ''Carlingford-Epping: partners in history'', Epping: self-published * Mobbs, Eric Arthur, (editor Beryl Mobbs Lewis) (1984). ''From poverty to mayor of a city: being the life story and memories in brief of Eric Arthur Mobbs, ''Yagoona: self-published * Pollon, Frances and Healy, Gerald (1988). ''The book of Sydney suburbs'', Sydney: Angus and Robertson * Reed, A. W. (1969). ''Place names of New South Wales: their origins and meanings'', Sydney: A. H.& A.W. Reed * Smith, Keith Vincent (2005). ''Wallumedegal: an Aboriginal history of Ryde'', Ryde: Community Services Unit, City of Ryde * Walton, Leslie (1987). ''The art of Roland Wakelin'', Seaforth: Craftsman House


References

*Australian Electoral Commissio

Retrieved 4 January 2006. *Australian Electoral Commissio

Retrieved 4 January 2006. *Australian Electoral Commissio

Retrieved 4 January 2006. *Australian Electoral Commissio

Retrieved 4 January 2006. *Australian Electoral Commissio

Retrieved 4 January 2006.


External links


Carlingford Court homepageCarlingford Weather Website
*
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] {{Sydney Parramatta suburbs Suburbs of Sydney City of Parramatta