Karol Mikuli, often seen as Charles Mikuli ( hy, Կարոլ Միկուլի or Կարոլ Պստիկյան; 22 October 1821 – 21 May 1897) was a
Polish
Polish may refer to:
* Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe
* Polish language
* Poles
Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, w ...
pianist, composer, conductor and teacher. His students included
Moriz Rosenthal
Moriz Rosenthal (17 December 18623 September 1946) was a Polish pianist and composer. He was an outstanding pupil of Franz Liszt and a friend and colleague of some of the greatest musicians of his age, including Johannes Brahms, Johann Strauss, ...
,
Raoul Koczalski,
Aleksander Michałowski, Jaroslaw Zieliński, Kornelia Parnas and
Heinrich Schenker
Heinrich Schenker (19 June 1868 – 14 January 1935) was a Galician-born Austrian music theorist whose writings have had a profound influence on subsequent musical analysis. His approach, now termed Schenkerian analysis, was most fully ex ...
.
Biographical notes
Mikuli (birth surname Bsdikian) was born on October 22, 1821, in
Czernwitz, then part of the
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central-Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence ...
(today
Chernivtsi,
Ukraine
Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
) to a
Moldavia
Moldavia ( ro, Moldova, or , literally "The Country of Moldavia"; in Romanian Cyrillic alphabet, Romanian Cyrillic: or ; chu, Землѧ Молдавскаѧ; el, Ἡγεμονία τῆς Μολδαβίας) is a historical region and for ...
n-
Armenian
Armenian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent
** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...
family. He studied under
Frédéric Chopin for piano (later becoming his teaching assistant) and
Anton Reicha
Anton (Antonín, Antoine) Joseph Reicha (Rejcha) (26 February 1770 – 28 May 1836) was a Czech-born, Bavarian-educated, later naturalized French composer and music theorist. A contemporary and lifelong friend of Beethoven, he is now best rem ...
for composition. He toured widely as a concert pianist, becoming Director of the
Lviv Conservatory
Lviv National Musical Academy named after Mykola Lysenko ( uk, Львівська національна музична академія імені Миколи Лисенка) or informally Lviv Conservatory is a state conservatory located in Lv ...
in 1858. He founded his own school there in 1888. He died in
Lemberg, then part of
Austrian Galicia
The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria,, ; pl, Królestwo Galicji i Lodomerii, ; uk, Королівство Галичини та Володимирії, Korolivstvo Halychyny ta Volodymyrii; la, Rēgnum Galiciae et Lodomeriae also known as ...
(today
Lviv
Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in western Ukraine, and the seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukrain ...
,
Ukraine
Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
) and is buried in
Lychakiv Cemetery
Lychakiv Cemetery ( uk, Личаківський цвинтар, translit=Lychakivs’kyi tsvyntar; pl, Cmentarz Łyczakowski we Lwowie), officially State History and Culture Museum-Preserve "Lychakiv Cemetery" ( uk, Державний істор ...
in Lviv.
Editions
He is most well known as an editor of works by Chopin.
Dover Publications
Dover Publications, also known as Dover Books, is an American book publisher founded in 1941 by Hayward and Blanche Cirker. It primarily reissues books that are out of print from their original publishers. These are often, but not always, book ...
currently publishes reprints of his 1879 editions of Chopin's piano music, originally published by F. Kistner (
Leipzig
Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as ...
). His goal, as stated in the foreword of the edition, was to provide more reliable editions. He used several verified sources, most of which were written or corrected by Chopin himself. His editions of Chopin's works were first published in America in 1895.
Mikuli also took detailed notes of Chopin's comments made in lessons and interviewed witnesses of Chopin's performances. For many years he was regarded as the primary authority on Chopin and his remarks about Chopin's playing were often quoted by biographers.
Musical works
![Mikuli grave](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Mikuli_grave.jpg)
;Orchestral
* ''48 Airs nationaux roumains'' for orchestra, also arr. piano.
;Chamber music
* ''Polonaise'' for 3 violins, Op. 7 (published 1862)
* ''Serenade'' in A major for clarinet and piano, Op. 22 (1880) (
Romanian
Romanian may refer to:
*anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Romania
**Romanians, an ethnic group
**Romanian language, a Romance language
*** Romanian dialects, variants of the Romanian language
** Romanian cuisine, tradition ...
: Serenadă pentru clarinet și pian, Op. 22)
* ''Scherzino'' in C minor for 3 violins, Op. 25 (1880)
* ''Grand duo'' in A major for violin and piano, Op. 26
;Piano
* ''Prélude et presto agitato'', Op. 1 (published 1859)
* ''4 Mazurkas'', Op. 2 (1860)
* ''Mazurka'' in F minor, Op. 4 (1860)
* ''2 Polonaises'', Op. 8 (1862)
* ''48 Airs nationaux roumains (Ballades, chants des bergers, airs de danse, etc.)'' in 4 volumes (1863)
* ''6 Pièces'', Op. 9 (published 1866 by Spina in
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
)
* ''Mazurka'', Op. 10 (1866)
* ''Mazurka'' in B minor, Op. 11 (1866)
* ''Étude'' in B major for piano with harmonium, Op. 12 (1867)
* ''6 Danses allemandes'', Op. 13 (1867)
* ''Méditation'', Op. 14 (1867)
* ''Andante con Variazioni'' for piano 4-hands, Op. 15 (1867)
* ''6 Valses'', Op. 18 (1869)
* ''2 Nocturnes'', Op. 19 (1869)
* ''Valse'' in A major, Op. 20 (1869)
* ''Ballade'' in B major, Op. 21 (1871)
* ''12 Variantes (Variations) harmoniques sur la gamme d'Ut majeure'' for piano 4-hands, Op. 23 (1880); published by Kistner (
Leipzig
Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as ...
)
* ''10 Pièces'', Op. 24 (1880)
;Vocal
* ''6 Lieder'' for voice and piano, Op. 16 (1867)
* ''6 Lieder'' for voice and piano, Op. 17 (1867)
* ''7 Lieder'' for voice and piano, Op. 27 (1880)
* ''2 Duette'' for soprano, tenor and piano, Op. 28 (1880)
* ''Die Reue: „Die Nacht war schwarz“'' for baritone and string orchestra, Op. 30 (1880)
;Choral
* ''7 Lieder'' for soprano, alto, tenor and bass, Op. 17 (1880)
* ''Paraphrase sur un ancien Chant de Noël polonais'' for 4 voices (solo and chorus), strings and organ (or piano 4-hands), Op. 31 (1881)
* ''2 Spiritual Songs'' for male chorus and soli, Op. 32
* ''Veni creator'' for mixed chorus and organ, Op. 33
[Chopin, Frédéric. Mikuli, Carl (Editor). ''Complete Ballades, Impromptus and Sonatas'' Dover Publications (1 September 1981) ]
Recordings
*
Şahan Arzruni: An Anthology of Armenian Piano Music, Vol I, Musical Heritage Society - MHS 4080.
References
External links
*
Charles (Carl, Karol) MIKULI (1821-1897)L'élève arménien de Frédéric Chopin à Paris et son éditeur en Podolie-Galicie
Excerpt from the forward to his edition of Chopin's works for publisher F. Kistner, 1879
Scores by Karol Mikuliin digital library
Polona
Polona is a Polish digital library, which provides digitized books, magazines, graphics, maps, music, fliers and manuscripts from collections of the National Library of Poland and co-operating institutions. It began its operation in 2006.
Colle ...
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mikuli, Karol
19th-century Austrian musicians
Polish classical pianists
Polish composers
Polish Romantic composers
Romanian classical pianists
Romanian classical composers
Austrian classical pianists
Male classical pianists
Austrian classical composers
Pupils of Frédéric Chopin
People from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
Musicians from Chernivtsi
Polish Austro-Hungarians
Polish people of Romanian descent
Polish people of Armenian descent
1821 births
1897 deaths
Lviv Conservatory faculty
19th-century classical composers
19th-century classical pianists
19th-century Polish musicians
19th-century male musicians