Carl Benjamin Klunzinger (18 November 1834, in

Güglingen Güglingen () is a town in the district of Heilbronn in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated 18 km southwest of Heilbronn. Geography Güglingen is situated in a valley called Zabergäu in the southwest district of Heilbron ...

– 21 June 1914, in

Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...

) was a German physician and

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...

. He studied medicine at the Universities of

Tübingen Tübingen (, , Swabian: ''Dibenga'') is a traditional university city in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, and developed on both sides of the Neckar and Ammer rivers. about one in thr ...

and

Würzburg Würzburg (; Main-Franconian: ) is a city in the region of Franconia in the north of the German state of Bavaria. Würzburg is the administrative seat of the ''Regierungsbezirk'' Lower Franconia. It spans the banks of the Main River. Würzburg is ...

, afterwards attending lectures on

geology Geology () is a branch of natural science concerned with Earth and other astronomical objects, the features or rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Ear ...

and

zoology Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

and

Prague Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate ...

. In 1862 he traveled to

Cairo Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: The Greater Cairo metro ...

, where he spent eighteen months learning Arabic. Beginning in February 1864 he worked as a physician at Kosseir, a seaport on the

Red Sea The Red Sea ( ar, البحر الأحمر - بحر القلزم, translit=Modern: al-Baḥr al-ʾAḥmar, Medieval: Baḥr al-Qulzum; or ; Coptic: ⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϩⲁϩ ''Phiom Enhah'' or ⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϣⲁⲣⲓ ''Phiom ǹšari''; T ...

. Here he spent five years collecting a vast quantity of fish and other marine specimens. From 1869 he examined his Red Sea collection at the '' Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart'', traveling to

Frankfurt Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian: , "Frank ford on the Main"), is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located on its na ...

and

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

in order to conduct zoological comparison studies. At Stuttgart he also investigated Australian fish species procured by

Ferdinand von Mueller Baron Sir Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von Mueller, (german: Müller; 30 June 1825 – 10 October 1896) was a German-Australian physician, geographer, and most notably, a botanist. He was appointed government botanist for the then colony of Vict ...

(1825-1896), from whose collection Klunzinger described approximately fifty new species from

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

and

New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ...

. In 1872 he was back in Kosseir collecting additional marine specimens, later returning to Stuttgart (1875), where in 1884 he was appointed professor of zoology at the

University of Stuttgart The University of Stuttgart (german: Universität Stuttgart) is a leading research university located in Stuttgart, Germany. It was founded in 1829 and is organized into 10 faculties. It is one of the oldest technical universities in Germany wit ...

Legacy

His name is associated with a number of zoological species, such as: * The fish Klunzinger's sweeper '' Pempheris klunzingeri'',

McCulloch McCulloch is a Scottish surname. It's a variation of the Northern Irish surname McCullough. It's commonly found in Galloway. Notable people with the surname include: *Alan McCulloch (politician), New Zealand politician *Alan McLeod McCulloch ( ...

, 1911 * The Ponyfish '' Equulites klunzingeri'' ( Steindachner, 1898), * * The soft Coral '' Cladiella klunzingeri'' Thomson & Simpson, 1909, * The soft Coral ''

Dendronephthya klunzingeri ''Dendronephthya klunzingeri'' is a species of soft coral in the family Nephtheidae. This species is divaricate Divaricate means branching, or having separation or a degree of separation. The angle between branches is wide. In botany In bota ...

'' (Studer, 1888), * The western carp gudgeon '' Hypseleotris klunzingeri'' ( J. D. Ogilby, 1898), and * The sea urchin crab '' Echinoecus klunzingeri'' ( A. Milne-Edwards, 1879).

Selected writings

* ''Synopsis der Fische des Rothen Meeres'', 1870 - Synopsis of fishes from the Red Sea * ''Die Korallthiere des Rothen Meeres'', 1877-1879 - Coral animals of the Red Sea * ''Bilder aus Oberägyten, der Wuste und dem Rothen Meere'', 1877 - Images of

Upper Egypt Upper Egypt ( ar, صعيد مصر ', shortened to , , locally: ; ) is the southern portion of Egypt and is composed of the lands on both sides of the Nile that extend upriver from Lower Egypt in the north to Nubia in the south. In ancient ...

, the desert and the Red Sea. * ''Die v. Muellersche Sammlung australischer Fische in Stuttgart'', 1879 - Müller's collection of Australian fish in Stuttgart. * ''Die Rundkrabben (Cyclometopa) des Roten Meeres'', 1913.World Cat Identities
(publications)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Klunzinger, Carl Benjamin German ichthyologists German taxonomists 01 1834 births 1914 deaths 20th-century German zoologists University of Stuttgart faculty People from Heilbronn (district) 19th-century German zoologists 19th-century German physicians Members of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina Scientists from Baden-Württemberg