Pope Leo XIII Pope Leo XIII ( it, Leone XIII; born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2 March 1810 – 20 July 1903) was the head of the Catholic Church from 20 February 1878 to his death in July 1903. Living until the age of 93, he was the second-old ...

(r. 1878–1903) created 147

cardinals Cardinal or The Cardinal may refer to: Animals * Cardinal (bird) or Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of cardinal in the family Cardinalidae **''Cardinalis cardinalis'', or northern cardinal, the ...

in 27 consistories held at roughly annual intervals. With his appointments he approached but did not exceed the limit on the size of the

College of Cardinals The College of Cardinals, or more formally the Sacred College of Cardinals, is the body of all cardinals of the Catholic Church. its current membership is , of whom are eligible to vote in a conclave to elect a new pope. Cardinals are app ...

set at 70 in 1586. The size of the college was 64 at the beginning and end of Leo XIII's 25-year papacy. With 147 additions to a body of fewer than 70, Leo had, as one observer phrased it, "renewed the Sacred College more than twice". The largest group of fourteen new cardinals, with two more kept secret, was announced on 16 January 1893. Nine of Leo's cardinals were created ''in pectore'' and only announced at a later consistory. Those announced at his first consistory included his brother Giuseppe Pecci. In 1893, he elevated to cardinal Giuseppe Sarto, who succeeded him as Pope Pius X in 1903. The cardinals he created included brothers Serafino and

Vincenzo Vannutelli Vincenzo Vannutelli (5 December 1836 – 9 July 1930) was an Italian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He spent his career in the foreign service of the Holy See and was made a cardinal in 1890. At his death he was the oldest member o ...

in 1887 and 1889 and cousins

Luigi Jacobini Luigi Jacobini (6 January 1832 – 28 February 1887) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Vatican Secretary of State from 1880 until his death; he was elevated to the rank of cardinal in 1879. Biography Bo ...

and

Angelo Jacobini Angelo Jacobini (25 April 1825 – 3 March 1886) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who spent his entire career in the Roman Curia. He was made a cardinal in 1882. Biography Angelo Maria Jacobini was born in Genzano on 25 April 1825. ...

in 1879 and 1882. Another of Leo's cardinals, von Fürstenberg, had a cousin in the College appointed in 1842 by

Pope Gregory XVI Pope Gregory XVI ( la, Gregorius XVI; it, Gregorio XVI; born Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari; 18 September 1765 – 1 June 1846) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 2 February 1831 to his death in 1 June 1846. He ...

. Of the 147 cardinals Pope Leo created, 85 were Italian. Only three were not Europeans: Gibbons (United States), Moran (Australia), and Taschereau (Canada). Pope Leo's appointments also included the first Australian, Moran, the first Canadian, Taschereau, the first Slovenian, Missia, and the first Armenian, First published: ''Window Quarterly'', Vol. V, No. 3 & 4, 1995, pp 11-13.

Hassoun Hassoun (see also Hasson) is a Hebrew surname (חסון) and an Arabic given name and surname (حسون). Arabic variants include Hassoun, Hassun, Hassouné, Hassouneh etc. It may refer to: Hassoun Given name * Hassoun Camara (born 1986), French f ...

, who was also the first prelate of an Oriental rite made a cardinal since 1439. Cardinals who died before visiting Rome to be assigned their titular churches included Guilbert, Lluch, and Rotelli. Of the 147 cardinals Leo appointed, 63 survived him and 61 of them, along with one cardinal appointed earlier, participated in the

1903 conclave The 1903 papal conclave followed the death of Pope Leo XIII after a reign of 25 years. Some 62 cardinals participated in the balloting. Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria asserted the right claimed by certain Catholic rulers to veto a candidate for t ...

that elected Pius X.

12 May 1879

After waiting more than a year, on 12 May 1879, Pope Leo created cardinals for the first time, six of the order of cardinal priests and four of the order of cardinal deacons, including among the latter his brother, Giuseppe Pecci. On 22 September he gave red

galero A (plural: ; from la, galērum, originally connotating a helmet made of skins; cf. '' galea'') is a broad-brimmed hat with tasselated strings which was worn by clergy in the Catholic Church. Over the centuries, the red ''galero'' was restricte ...

s to three of them (Desprez, Haynald, and Pie), as well as to

János Simor János Simor (23 August 1813 – 23 January 1891) was a Hungarian prelate of the Catholic Church who was Archbishop of Esztergom from 1867 until his death in 1891. He was previously Bishop of Győr from 1857 to 1867. He was made a cardinal in 18 ...

, whom Pope Pius IX had made a cardinal in 1873. Von Fürstenberg joined his cousin

Friedrich Prince zu Schwarzenberg Friedrich Prince zu Schwarzenberg, or in Czech Bedřich prince ze Schwarzenberg (April 6, 1809 in Vienna, Austria – March 27, 1885 in Vienna, Austria) was a Catholic Cardinal of the nineteenth century in Austria and the Kingdom of Bohemia and a ...

, a cardinal since 1842. #

Friedrich Egon von Fürstenberg Friedrich Egon von Fürstenberg (8 October 1813 – 20 August 1892) was a prelate of the Catholic Church who was archbishop of Olomouc from 1853 until his death almost forty years later. He was made a cardinal in 1879. By birth, he was member of ...

(1813–1892) #

Julien-Florian-Félix Desprez Julien Florian Félix Desprez, who used the name Florian Desprez (14 April 1807 – 21 January 1895) was a French prelate of the Catholic Church, who became a bishop in 1850, first in Réunion from 1850 to 1857 and then in Limoges until 1859. He s ...

(1807–1895) #

Lajos Haynald Stephan Franz Lajos (or Ludwig) Haynald (October 3, 1816, at Szécsény – July 3, 1891, at Kalocsa) was a Hungarian Archbishop of Kalocsa-Bács, naturalist, and cardinal. Life Having completed his studies in the secondary schools, he ...

(1816–1891) # Louis-Édouard-François-Desiré Pie (1815–1880) #

Americo Ferreira dos Santos Silva Americo (or Américo) is a Portuguese- and Spanish-language given name, occasionally used as a surname and in other cultures. It is a variant of the name Henry. English diminutives or hypocorisms include Rico & Eric. People with the name include ...

(1829–1899) #

Gaetano Alimonda Gaetano Alimonda (23 October 1818 – 30 May 1891) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church, who was Archbishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Turin, Turin from 1883 until his death. He was previously Bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Al ...

(1818–1891) #

Giuseppe Pecci Giuseppe Pecci (13 December 1807 – 8 February 1890) was a Jesuit Thomist theologian whose younger brother, Vincenzo, became Pope Leo XIII and appointed him a cardinal. The Neo-Thomist revival, which Leo XIII and his brother Giuseppe, Car ...

(1807–1890) #

John Henry Newman John Henry Newman (21 February 1801 – 11 August 1890) was an English theologian, academic, intellectual, philosopher, polymath, historian, writer, scholar and poet, first as an Anglican ministry, Anglican priest and later as a Catholi ...

(1801–1890) #

Joseph Hergenröther Joseph Hergenröther (15 September 1824 – 3 October 1890) was a German Church historian and canonist, and the first Cardinal-Prefect of the Vatican Archive. Biography Born in Würzburg, he was the second son of Johann Jacob Hergenröth ...

(1824–1890) #

Tommaso Maria Zigliara Tommaso Maria Zigliara, OP (29 October 1833 – 11 May 1893) was a Corsican priest of the Catholic Church, a member of the Dominicans, a theologian, philosopher and a cardinal. Early life Zigliara was born on 29 October 1833 at Bonifacio a se ...

(1833–1893)

19 September 1879

Pope Leo created four cardinals on 19 September 1879. # Pier Francesco Meglia (1810–1883) #

Giacomo Cattani Giacomo Cattani (Brisighella, 13 January 1823 - Ravenna, 14 February 1887) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and Archbishop. He was born on 13 January 1823, in Brisighella. Pope Leo XIII elevated him to the rank of cardinal in the consistory of ...

(1823–1887) #

(1832–1887) # Domenico Sanguigni (1809–1882)

13 December 1880

Pope Leo announced the creation of one cardinal on 13 December 1880, reserving the names of three others ''in pectore''. Pope Leo mentioned the last Oriental rite cardinal,

Bessarion Bessarion ( el, Βησσαρίων; 2 January 1403 – 18 November 1472) was a Byzantine Greek Renaissance humanist, theologian, Catholic cardinal and one of the famed Greek scholars who contributed to the so-called great revival of letters ...

, when he announced Hassoun's name in the consistory. Hassoun was the first Armenian cardinal and first Oriental-rite cardinal since 1439. Ricci Paracciani's cousin Salvatore Nobili Vitelleschi was made a cardinal in 1875, just five months before he died. # Andon Bedros Hassoun (1809–1884) #

Carlo Laurenzi Carlo Laurenzi (12 January 1821 – 2 November 1893) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of Rites from 1889 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1884. B ...

(1821–1893), in ''pectore'', announced 1884 # Francesco Ricci Paracciani (1830–1894), in ''pectore'', announced March 1882 # Pietro Lasagni (1814–1885), in ''pectore'', announced March 1882

27 March 1882

On 27 March 1882, Pope Leo announced the names of two cardinals he had created ''in pectore'' in December 1880 and created another five, revealing the names of all but one (Lavigerie). Angelo Jacobini joined his cousin Luigi, then Secretary of State, who was made a cardinal in 1879. #

Domenico Agostini Domenico Agostini (31 May 1825 — 31 December 1891) was an Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal and Patriarch of Venice. Born near Treviso, he studied in the local seminary, then in the University of Padua. He took a doctorate of philosophy and law, b ...

(1825–1891) #

Charles Lavigerie Charles Martial Allemand Lavigerie (31 October 1825 – 26 November 1892) was a French cardinal, archbishop of Carthage and Algiers and primate of Africa. He also founded the White Fathers. A Catholic priest who became a bishop in France, Laviger ...

(1825–1892), ''in pectore'', announced on 3 July 1882 # Joaquín Lluch y Garriga (1816–1882) #

Edward MacCabe Edward Cardinal MacCabe or McCabe (Dublin, 14 February 1816 – Kingstown, 11 February 1885) was the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin from 1879 until his death and a Cardinal from 1882. Biography MacCabe's father was a poor shopkeeper. Edwa ...

(1816–1885) #

(1825–1886)

25 September 1882

Pope Leo announced the creation of two cardinals on 25 September 1882. #

Angelo Bianchi Angelo Bianchi (19 November 1817 – 22 January 1897) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who worked in the diplomatic service of the Holy See and worked in the Roman Curia. He became a cardinal in 1889. Biography Angelo Bianchi was bo ...

(1817–1897) # Włodzimierz Czacki (1834–1888)

24 March 1884

Pope Leo created two cardinals on 24 March 1884. #

José Sebastião de Almeida Neto José Sebastião de Almeida Neto (8 February 1841 – 7 December 1920) was a Cardinal of the Catholic Church and Patriarch of Lisbon. Early life José Sebastião de Almeida Neto was born on 8 February 1841 in Lagos, Portugal, the son of Raimund ...

(1841–1920) #

Guglielmo Sanfelice d'Acquavella Guglielmo Sanfelice d'Acquavilla O.S.B.Cas. (14 April 1834 – 3 January 1897) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Archbishop of Naples. Sanfelice d'Acquavilla was born in Aversa, Italy, on 14 April 1834. He was appointed Arch ...

(1834–1897)

10 November 1884

On 10 November 1884, Pope Leo announced the creation of eight cardinals and announced the name of one,

, made a cardinal ''in pectore'' in December 1880. #

Michelangelo Celesia Michelangelo Celesia, O.S.B. Cas. (13 January 1814 – 14 April 1904) was an Italian Benedictine monk who served as the Archbishop of Palermo from 1871 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1884. Biography He was born Pietro ...

(1814–1904) #

Antolín Monescillo y Viso Antolín Monescillo y Viso (2 September 1811 – 11 August 1897) was a Spanish prelate of the Catholic Church who became a bishop in 1861 and, after transfers to positions of increasing importance, was made a cardinal in 1884 and served as Archbi ...

(1811–1897) #

Guglielmo Massaia Guglielmo Massaia (9 June 1809 - 6 August 1889), born Lorenzo Massaia, was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who was also a missionary and Capuchin friar. His baptismal name was Lorenzo; he took Guglielmo as religious name. His ...

(1809–1889) # Cölestin Josef Ganglbauer (1817–1889) #

Zeferino González y Díaz Tuñón Zeferino González (28 January 1831 – 29 November 1894) was a Spanish Dominican theologian, and philosopher, Archbishop of Seville and Cardinal. Life On 28 November 1844, in the College of Ocania, González entered the Dominican Order, a ...

(1831–1894) #

Carmine Gori-Merosi Carmine Gori-Merosi (15 February 1810 – 15 September 1886) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who worked in the Roman Curia, largely in non-public roles from 1847 until his death in 1886. He was made a cardinal in 1884. Biography Car ...

(1810–1886) # Ignazio Masotti (1817–1888) #

Isidoro Verga Isidoro Verga (29 April 1832 – 10 August 1899) was an Italian canon lawyer and cardinal. He was created cardinal in 1884, and became bishop of Albano and Apostolic Penitentiary in 1896, and given the titular church of San Callisto San Callist ...

(1832–1899)

27 July 1885

On 27 July 1885, Pope Leo created five cardinals of the order of cardinal priests and one cardinal deacon (Cristofori). # Paul Melchers (1813–1895) #

Alfonso Capecelatro Alfonso Capecelatro (Marseille, 5 February 1824 – 14 November 1912) was an Italian Archbishop of Capua, ecclesiastical writer, Vatican librarian, and Cardinal. Life He was descended from the family of the dukes of Castelpagano. His father ...

(1824–1912) #

Francesco Battaglini Francesco Battaglini (13 March 1823 – 8 July 1892) was a Roman Catholic Cardinal and Archbishop of Bologna. He was born in the Archdiocese of Bologna and received the sacrament of confirmation on 7 October 1827. He was educated at the ...

(1823–1892) #

Patrick Francis Moran Patrick Francis Cardinal Moran (16 September 183016 August 1911) was the third Roman Catholic Archbishop of Sydney and the first cardinal appointed from Australia. Early life Moran was born at Leighlinbridge, County Carlow, Ireland, on 16 ...

(1830–1911) #

Placido Maria Schiaffino Placido Maria Schiaffino, O.S.B. Oliv. (8 September 1829 – 23 September 1889) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who held senior positions in the Benedictine order and in the Roman Curia. He was made a cardinal in 1885. Biography P ...

(1829–1889) # Carlo Cristofori (1813–1891)

7 June 1886

Pope Leo created seven cardinals on 7 June 1886. The two cardinal deacons Pope Leo created on 7 June 1886, Theodoli and Mazzella, were assigned their deaconries on 10 June; the other five cardinal priests were given their titular churches on 17 March 1887. #

Victor-Félix Bernadou Victor-Félix Bernadou (25 June 1816 – 15 November 1891) was a French Cardinal (Catholic Church), cardinal and Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sens, Archbishop of Sens. Biography Born in Castres, he was Holy Orders, ordained to the priesth ...

(1816–1891) #

Elzéar-Alexandre Taschereau Elzéar-Alexandre Taschereau (February 17, 1820 – April 12, 1898) was a Canadian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Quebec from 1871 until his death in 1898. The first Canadian cardinal, he was elevated to the Coll ...

(1820–1898) # Benoit-Marie Langénieux (1824–1905) #

James Gibbons James Cardinal Gibbons (July 23, 1834 – March 24, 1921) was a senior-ranking American prelate of the Catholic Church who served as Apostolic Vicar of North Carolina from 1868 to 1872, Bishop of Richmond from 1872 to 1877, and as ninth ...

(1834–1921) #

Charles-Philippe Place Charles-Philippe Place (14 February 1814 – 5 March 1893) was a French prelate of the Catholic Church who was Bishop of Marseille from 1866 to 1878 and then Archbishop of Rennes from 1878 until his death in 1893. He was made a cardinal in 1886. ...

(1814–1893) # Augusto Theodoli (1819–1892) #

Camillo Mazzella Camillo Mazzella (10 February 1833 – 26 March 1900) was an Italian Jesuit theologian and cardinal. Biography Mazzella was born at Vitulano, near Benevento. He and his siblings were first tutored at home. Three of his brothers entered r ...

(1833–1900)

14 March 1887

Pope Leo created five cardinals, all cardinal priests, on 14 March 1887. #

Serafino Vannutelli Serafino Vannutelli (26 November 1834 – 19 August 1915) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church, a cardinal and official of the Roman Curia where he held several of the highest administrative posts. Made a cardinal in 1887, he was named ...

(1834–1915) #

Gaetano Aloisi Masella Gaetano Aloisi Masella (30 September 1826 – 22 November 1902) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1887 and served as Prefect of the Congregation of Rites from 1899 until his death. Bi ...

(1826–1902) # Luigi Giordani (1822–1893) #

Camillo Siciliano di Rende Camillo Siciliano di Rende, sometimes Siciliano di Rende (9 June 1847 – 16 May 1897) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who was Archbishop of Benevento from 1879 until his death in 1897. He was also Bishop of Tricarico from 1877 to 1 ...

(1847–1897) #

Mariano Rampolla Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro (17 August 1843 – 16 December 1913) was an Italian Cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church, and the last man to have his candidacy for papal election vetoed through ''jus exclusivae'' by a Catholic monarch. Early li ...

(1843–1913)

23 May 1887

Pope Leo created two cardinal deacons on 23 May 1887. Bausa was not yet a bishop and was only consecrated in March 1889. Pallotti was never consecrated a bishop. # Luigi Pallotti (1829–1890) # Agostino Bausa (1821–1899)

11 February 1889

Pope Leo announced the creation of three cardinals on 11 February 1889. #

Giuseppe Benedetto Dusmet Giuseppe Benedetto Dusmet (15 August 1818 – 4 April 1894) – born Giuseppe Dusmet – was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal who served as the Archbishop of Catania from 1867 until his death. He became professed into the Order of Saint Be ...

(1818–1894) # Giuseppe d'Annibale (1815–1892) #

Luigi Macchi Aloysius “Luigi” Macchi (3 March 1832, in Viterbo – 29 March 1907, in Rome) was an Italian Catholic nobleman and a Cardinal. He was a nephew of Cardinal Vincenzo Macchi. In 1859, he was ordained a priest. In 1860, he was referendary o ...

(1832–1907)

24 May 1889

Pope Leo created seven cardinals on 24 May 1889. Guilbert died less than three months later without having visited Rome to be assigned his titular church. #

François-Marie-Benjamin Richard François-Marie-Benjamin Richard de la Vergne (; 1 March 1819 – 27 January 1908) was a French cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and served as the Archbishop of Paris. His cause of canonization has commenced and he has the title of Servant ...

(1819–1908) #

Joseph-Alfred Foulon Joseph-Alfred Foulon (29 April 1823 – 23 January 1893) was a French Roman Catholic Cardinal and Archbishop of Lyon. Life Foulon was born in Paris and studied in the Saint-Sulpice Seminary. He was ordained priest on 18 December 1847 in Paris, w ...

(1823–1893) #

Aimé-Victor-François Guilbert Aimé-Victor-François Guilbert (15 November 1812 – 16 August 1889) was a French prelate of the Catholic Church who became a bishop in 1867. He was Bishop of Gap from 1867 to 1879, then Bishop of Amiens until 1883, and then Archbishop of Borde ...

(1812–1889) #

Pierre-Lambert Goossens Pierre-Lambert Goossens (18 July 1827 – 25 January 1906) was a Belgium, Belgian Cardinal (Catholicism), Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Brussels-Mechelen, Archbishop of Mechelen from 1884 until his death, and w ...

(1827–1906) #

Franziskus von Paula Graf von Schönborn Franziskus von Paula Graf von Schönborn ( cz, František Schönborn; 24 January 1844 – 25 June 1899) was a Czech Roman Catholic cardinal. Born at Prague, he was 5th Bishop of České Budějovice (1883–1885) and 28th Archbishop of Prague (fr ...

(1844–1899) #

Achille Apolloni Achille Apolloni (13 May 1823 – 3 April 1893) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who enjoyed the career of someone from a distinguished family, working in the Roman Curia or the personal service of the pope, and promoted automaticall ...

(1823–1893) # Gaetano de Ruggiero (1816–1896)

30 December 1889

On 30 December 1889, Pope Leo created a single cardinal without making it known. His brother Serafino was already a cardinal. #

(1836–1930) ''in pectore'', announced 1890

23 June 1890

Pope Leo created three cardinals of the order of cardinal priests on 23 June 1890 and announced he had created

a cardinal ''in pectore'' the previous December. # Sebastiano Galeati (1822–1901) #

Gaspard Mermillod Gaspard Mermillod (22 September 1824 – 23 February 1892) was a Swiss Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. Despite a lengthy investiture conflict with the Calvinist Canton of Geneva, he served as Bishop of Lausanne and Geneva from 1883 ...

(1824–1892) #

Albin Dunajewski Albin Dunajewski (born 1 March 1817 in Stanisławów - 19 June 1894 in Kraków) was a Bishop of Kraków, Poland, as well as charitable patron and high-profile social activist. Highlights In 1882, Albin Dunajewski ordained Brother Raphael Kalin ...

(1817–1894)

1 June 1891

Pope Leo created two cardinals on 1 June 1891. Rotelli received his red hat from French President Sadi Carnot, but died before being invested by the pope with the other symbols of his new rank. #

Luigi Rotelli Luigi Rotelli (26 July 1833 – 15 September 1891) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who was a bishop and a diplomat in the service of the Holy See. He was made a cardinal in June 1891, just weeks before his death. Biography Luigi Rot ...

(1833–1891) #

Anton Josef Gruscha Anton Josef Gruscha, S.T.D. (3 November 1820, Vienna – 5 August 1911, Schloss Kranichberg, Lower Austria) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and was Archbishop of Vienna. He was born in Vienna, Austria. He received minor orders on 3 ...

(1820–1911)

14 December 1891

Pope Leo created two cardinals of the order of cardinal priests on 14 December 1891. # Fulco Luigi Ruffo-Scilla (1840–1895) # Luigi Sepiacci (1835–1893)

16 January 1893

Pope Leo created fourteen cardinals publicly on 16 January 1893 and two others ''in pectore''. # Giuseppe Guarino (1827–1897) #

Mario Mocenni Mario Mocenni (22 January 1823—14 November 1904) was an Italian Cardinal (Catholicism), Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, who served both in Nuncio, the diplomatic service of the Holy See and in the Roman Curia, and was elevated to t ...

(1823–1904) # Amilcare Malagola (1840–1895) # Angelo Di Pietro (1828–1914) # Benito Sanz y Forés (1828–1895) # Guillaume-René Meignan (1817–1896) #

Léon-Benoît-Charles Thomas Léon-Benoît-Charles Thomas (1826–1894) was a French cardinal. He served as Bishop of La Rochelle (1867–1883) and Archbishop of Rouen The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Rouen (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Rothomagensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse ...

(1826–1894) #

Philipp Krementz Philipp Krementz (1 December 1819 – 6 May 1899) was a German Catholic bishop, created Cardinal in 1893. Philipp Krementz was born, the son of a butcher, in Koblenz in 1837 and began to study theology in Bonn, which he continued in Munich in 183 ...

(1819–1899) #

Ignatius Persico Ignazio Camillo Guglielmo Maria Pietro Persico (30 January 1823, Naples – 7 December 1895) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served multiple assignments including as Vicar Apostolic, bishop, Apostolic delegate to Ire ...

(1823–1896) #

Luigi Galimberti Luigi Galimberti (26 April 1836 – 7 May 1896) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who had a varied career as an academic and theologian, journalist, diplomat, and Vatican official. He became an archbishop in 1887 and a cardinal in 1893 ...

(1835–1896) # Michael Logue (1840–1924) # Kolos Ferenc Vaszary (1832–1915) #

Herbert Vaughan Herbert Alfred Henry Vaughan, MHM (15 April 1832 – 19 June 1903) was an English prelate of the Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Westminster from 1892 until his death in 1903, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1893. He was th ...

(1832–1903) #

Georg von Kopp Georg von Kopp (25 July 1837 – 4 March 1914) was a German Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Bishop of Fulda (1881–87) and Prince-Bishop of Breslau (1887–1914). He was known for his anti-Polish views and pursued the German ...

(1837–1914) # Adolphe Perraud (1828–1906) ''in pectore'', announced 1895 Retrieved 4 March 2021. #

Andreas Steinhuber Andreas Steinhuber, S.J. (11 November 1824 – 15 October 1907) was a German prelate of the Catholic Church who worked in education as a teacher and administrator, was made a cardinal in 1893, and then held senior positions in the Roman Curia. H ...

(1824–1907) ''in pectore'', announced 1894

12 June 1893

Pope Leo created five cardinals in a consistory held on 12 June 1893, including Giuseppe Sarto, his successor as Pope Pius X. # Victor-Lucien-Sulpice Lécot (1831–1908) # Giuseppe Maria Graniello (1834–1896) # Joseph-Christian-Ernest Bourret (1827–1896) # Lőrinc Schlauch (1824–1902) # Giuseppe Sarto (1835–1914)

18 May 1894

Pope Leo created five cardinals in May 1894, four cardinal priests and one cardinal deacon (Segna). He announced that he had made Andreas Steinhuber a cardinal ''in pectore'' previously. #

Egidio Mauri Egidio Mauri (9 December 1828 – 13 March 1896) was an Italian cardinal, since 1893 Archbishop of Ferrara, member of the Dominican Order The Order of Preachers ( la, Ordo Praedicatorum) abbreviated OP, also known as the Dominicans, is ...

(1828–1896) # Ciriaco María Sancha y Hervás (1833–1909) # Domenico Svampa (1851–1907) #

Andrea Carlo Ferrari Andrea Ferrari (13 August 1850 – 2 February 1921) – later adopting the middle name "Carlo" – was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate who served as a cardinal and as the Archbishop of Milan from 1894 until his death. Ferrari was a well- ...

(1850–1921) #

Francesco Segna Francesco Segna S.T.D. (31 August 1836 - 4 January 1911) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Archivist of the Holy Roman Church. Francesco Segna was born in Poggio Ginolfo, Italy. He was of a noble and rich family. He was edu ...

(1836–1911)

29 November 1895

Pope Leo created eight cardinals on 29 November 1895 and announced that he had made Adolphe Perraud a cardinal ''in pectore'' in 1893. Francesco Satolli, Apostolic Delegate to the United States, did not travel to Rome for the ceremony, but received his insignia of office from Cardinal

, Archbishop of Baltimore, on 5 January 1896. #

Sylvester Sembratovych Sylvester Sembratovych ( uk, Сильвестр Сембратович, pl, Sylwester Sembratowicz; 3 September 1836 – 4 August 1898) was the Metropolitan Archbishop of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church from 1885 until his death in 1898 ...

(1836–1898) #

Francesco Satolli Francesco Satolli (21 July 1839 – 8 January 1910) was an Italian theologian, professor, cardinal, and the first Apostolic Delegate to the United States. Biography He was born on 21 July 1839, at Marsciano near Perugia. He was educated at ...

(1839–1910) # Johannes Evangelist Haller (1825–1900) #

Antonio María Cascajares y Azara Antonio María Cascajares y Azara (2 March 1834 – 27 July 1901) was a Spanish Roman Catholic cardinal, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Valladolid, archbishop of Valladolid and archbishop-elect of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zaragoza, Zaragoza ...

(1834–1901) #

Girolamo Maria Gotti Girolamo Maria Gotti, O.C.D. (29 March 1834 – 19 March 1916), sometimes erroneously called Giuseppe Gotti, was a friar of the Discalced Carmelite Order, who served in various offices of the Holy See as a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. ...

(1834–1916) #

Jean-Pierre Boyer Jean-Pierre Boyer (15 February 1776 – 9 July 1850) was one of the leaders of the Haitian Revolution, and President of Haiti from 1818 to 1843. He reunited the north and south of the country into the Republic of Haiti in 1820 and also annexed ...

(1829–1896) #

Achille Manara Achille Manara (20 November 1827 – 15 February 1906) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who became a bishop in 1879, a cardinal in 1895, and an archbishop in 1904. Biography Manara was born in Bologna on 20 November 1827. He was ord ...

(1827–1906) # Salvador Casañas y Pagés (1834–1908)

22 June 1896

Pope Leo created four cardinals of the order of cardinal priests on 22 June 1896. # Domenico Jacobini (1837–1900) #

Antonio Agliardi Antonio Agliardi (4 September 1832 – 19 March 1915) was an Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal, archbishop, and papal diplomat. Biography Agliardi was born at Cologno al Serio, in what is now the Province of Bergamo. He studied theology and can ...

(1832–1915) #

Domenico Ferrata Domenico Ferrata JUD (4 March 1847 – 10 October 1914) was an Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal who spent most of his career in the diplomatic service of the Holy See and in the Roman Curia. Life Ferrata was born in Gradoli, near Viterbo to Gio ...

(1847–1914) #

Serafino Cretoni Serafino Cretoni (4 September 1833 – 3 February 1909) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of Rites from 1903 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1896. Bio ...

(1833–1909)

30 November 1896

Two cardinals were created on 30 November 1896; they received their red galeros on 3 December. Neither was a bishop when made cardinal; Prisco was consecrated in 1898. #

Raffaele Pierotti Raffaele Pierotti Order of Preachers, O.P. (1 January 1836 – 7 September 1905) – born Giovanni Antonio – was an Italians, Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who was the papal theologian from 1887 until his death. He was made a Cardinal ...

(1836–1905) #

Giuseppe Antonio Ermenegildo Prisco Giuseppe Antonio Ermenegildo Prisco (8 September 1833 – 4 February 1923) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, who served as Archbishop of Naples. Biography Prisco was born in Boscotrecase, near Naples. He was educated a ...

(1833–1923)

19 April 1897

Pope Leo created four cardinals on 19 April 1897. #

José María Martín de Herrera y de la Iglesia José María Martín de Herrera y de la Iglesia (26 August 1835 in Aldeadávila de la Ribera, Spain – 8 December 1922 in Santiago de Compostela, Spain) was a long-serving cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church in the early years of the twenti ...

(1835–1922) # Pierre-Hector Coullié (1829–1912) #

Guillaume-Marie-Joseph Labouré Guillaume-Marie-Joseph Labouré (27 October 1841 – 21 April 1906) was a French archbishop and cardinal. Biography Born in Achiet-le-Petit, he studied at Saint-Sulpice Seminary in Paris and was ordained to the priesthood on 23 September 1865 ...

(1841–1906) #

Guillaume-Marie-Romain Sourrieu Guillaume-Marie-Romain Sourrieu (27 February 1825 – 16 June 1899) was a French prelate of the Catholic Church who was Bishop of Châlons from 1882 to 1894 and Archbishop of Rouen from 1894 until his death. He was made a cardinal in 1897. Biog ...

(1825–1899)

19 June 1899

Pope Leo announced the creation of 11 new cardinals on 19 June 1899 and created two ''in pectore'', Alessandro Sanminiatelli Zabarella and Francesco Salesio Della Volpe, whose names were published in 1901. Missia was the first Slovenian to enter the College of Cardinals. #

Giovanni Battista Casali del Drago Giovanni Battista Casali del Drago (30 January 1838 – 17 March 1908) was an Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the It ...

(1838–1908) #

Francesco di Paola Cassetta Francesco di Paola Cassetta (12 August 1841 – 23 March 1919) was an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church who served as Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Council from 1914 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1 ...

(1841–1919) #

Alessandro Sanminiatelli Zabarella Alessandro Sanminiatelli Zabarella (3 August 1840 – 24 November 1910) was an Italian Cardinal (Catholicism), cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as Latin Patriarch of Constantinople from 1889 until 1901. Biography Sanminiatelli Zab ...

(1840–1910) ''in pectore'', announced April 1901 # Gennaro Portanova (1845–1908) # Giuseppe Francica-Nava de Bontifè (1846–1928) #

Agostino Ciasca Agostino Ciasca (secular name Pasquale) (born at Polignano a Mare, in the province of Bari, 7 May 1835; died at Rome, 6 February 1902) was an Italian people, Italian Augustinians, Augustinian and Cardinal (Catholicism), Cardinal. He was a distingu ...

(1835–1902) # François-Désiré Mathieu (1839–1908) #

Pietro Respighi Pietro Respighi S.T.D. JUD (22 September 1843 – 22 March 1913) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Archpriest of the Basilica of St. John Lateran. He was born in Bologna , the son of a mathematics professor at the ...

(1843–1913) # Agostino Richelmy (1850–1923) #

Jakob Missia Jacob Missia (30 June 1838 – 24 March 1902) was a Slovene prelate of the Catholic Church who was Archbishop of Gorizia and Gradisca from 1898 until his death. He was made a cardinal in 1899, the first Slovenian to be given that rank. He was pr ...

(1838–1902) #

Luigi Trombetta Luigi Trombetta (3 February 1820 – 17 January 1900) was an Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or ...

(1820–1900) #

Francesco Salesio Della Volpe Francesco Salesio Della Volpe (24 December 1844 in Ravenna, Italy - 5 November 1916 in Rome, Italy) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal from a noble family. He held the position of secretary of the Congregation of Indulgences and Relics and prefec ...

(1844–1916) ''in pectore'', announced April 1901 # José Calassanç Vives y Tuto (1854–1913)

15 April 1901

Pope Leo created ten cardinals on 15 April 1901, assigning eight to the order of cardinal priests and two to the order of cardinal deacons (Tripepi and Cavagnis). # Donato Maria Dell'Olio (1847–1902) #

Sebastiano Martinelli Sebastiano Martinelli (20 August 1848 – 4 July 1918) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Prefect of the Congregation of Rites. Early life Sebastiano Martinelli was born in Borgo Sant'Anna within the Archdiocese of Lucca ...

(1848–1918) #

Casimiro Gennari Casimiro Gennari (29 December 1839 – 31 January 1914) was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and was former Prefect of the Congregation of the Council. Early life and priesthood Casimiro Gennari was born in Maratea, Bas ...

(1839–1914) #

Lev Skrbenský z Hříště Lev Skrbenský z Hříště, german: Leo Skrbenský von Hříště, also spelt ''Skrebensky'' (12 June 1863, Hausdorf (now a part of Bartošovice), Moravia, Austria-Hungary – 24 December 1938, Dlouhá Loučka, Czechoslovakia) was a prominent C ...

(1863–1938) # Giulio Boschi (1838–1920) #

Agostino Gaetano Riboldi Agostino Gaetano Riboldi (18 February 1839 – 25 April 1902) was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the Bishop of Pavia from 1877 to 1901, and the Archbishop of Ravenna from 1901 to 1902. He was made a cardinal at the papa ...

(1839–1902) #

Jan Puzyna de Kosielsko Prince Jan Duklan Maurycy Paweł Puzyna de Kosielsko (13 September 1842 – 8 September 1911) was a Polish Roman Catholic Cardinal who was auxiliary bishop of Lwów (now Lviv, Ukraine) from 1886 to 1895, and the bishop of Kraków from 1895 un ...

(1842–1911) #

Bartolomeo Bacilieri Bartolomeo Bacilieri (28 March 1842 – 14 February 1923) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Verona from 1900 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1901. Biography Bartolomeo Bacil ...

(1842–1923) # Luigi Tripepi (1836–1906) #

Felice Cavagnis Felice Cavagnis (13 January 1841 – 29 December 1906) was an Italian canon lawyer and Cardinal. Life Cavagnis was born in Bordogna, which today falls within the Commune of Roncobello, in the Diocese of Bergamo. After a course in the Pontific ...

(1841–1906)

22 June 1903

At his last consistory held less than a month before his death, Pope Leo created seven cardinals and assigned them all to the order of cardinal priests. Only Nocella, Cavicchioni, and Fischer were present to receive their red hats from the pope and be assigned their titular sees on 25 June. The others participated in the conclave that elected Pope Pius X and it was from him that Herrero received his red

and titular church assignment on 27 August, as did Aiuti, Taliani, and Karschthaler theirs on 12 November 1903. #

Carlo Nocella Carlo Nocella (25 November 1826 – 22 July 1908) was an Italian cardinal. He was Secretary of the Sacred Consistorial Congregation (1892–1899), Latin Patriarch of Antioch (1899–1901), and Latin Patriarch of Constantinople (1901–190 ...

(1826–1908) # Beniamino Cavicchioni (1836–1911) #

Andrea Aiuti Andrea Aiuti (17 June 1849 – 28 April 1905) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who worked in the diplomatic service of the Holy See and in the Roman Curia. He was made a cardinal in 1903. Biography Andrea Aiuti was born in Rome on ...

(1849–1905) #

Emidio Taliani Emidio Taliani (19 April 1838 – 24 August 1907) was an Italian Cardinal (Catholicism), Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Nuncio to Austria from 1896 to 1903, and was elevated to the Cardinal (Catholicism), cardinalate in 190 ...

(1838–1907) #

Sebastián Herrero y Espinosa de los Monteros Sebastián Herrero y Espinosa de los Monteros C.O. (20 January 1822 – 9 December 1903) was a Spanish prelate of the Catholic Church who beginning in 1875 served briefly as the Bishop of Cuenca, Vitoria, and Oviedo, and then 15 years as Bishop ...

(1822–1903) # Johannes Katschthaler (1832–1914) #

Anton Hubert Fischer Anton Hubert Fischer (Antonius Fischer) (30 May 1840, in Jülich, Rhine Province – 30 July 1912, in Neuenahr) was a Roman Catholic Archbishop of Cologne and Cardinal. Life The son of a professor, he was educated at the Friedrich Wilhelm ...

(1840–1912)

Notes

References

External links

*{{cite web, authorlink=Salvador Miranda (historian) , last=Miranda , first=Salvador , title=Consistories for the creation of Cardinals, 19th Century (1800-1903): Leo XIII (1878-1903), url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/consistories-xix.htm#LeoXIII, work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church , accessdate=, publisher=

Florida International University Florida International University (FIU) is a public research university with its main campus in Miami-Dade County. Founded in 1965, the school opened its doors to students in 1972. FIU has grown to become the third-largest university in Florid ...

, oclc=53276621

Leo XIII Pope Leo XIII ( it, Leone XIII; born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2 March 1810 – 20 July 1903) was the head of the Catholic Church from 20 February 1878 to his death in July 1903. Living until the age of 93, he was the second-ol ...

19th-century Catholicism 20th-century Catholicism College of Cardinals