''Candelabrochaete'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

crust fungi The corticioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having effused, smooth basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are formed on the undersides of dead tree trunks or branches. They are sometimes colloquially called crust fungi or pa ...

in the family

Phanerochaetaceae The Phanerochaetaceae are a family of mostly crust fungi in the order Polyporales. Taxonomy Phanerochaetaceae was first conceived by Swedish mycologist John Eriksson in 1958 as the subfamily Phanerochaetoideae of the Corticiaceae. It was later ...

Taxonomy

The genus was

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ...

by French mycologist Jacques Boidin in 1970. He originally included two species, '' C. langloisii'', and the type, '' C. africana''.

Description

Similar to the genus ''

Phanerochaete ''Phanerochaete'' is a genus of crust fungi in the family Phanerochaetaceae. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by Finnish mycologist Petter Karsten in 1889. Marinus Anton Donk redefined the limits of the genus in two publications in 1957 and ...

'', ''Candelabrochaete'' features simple

septa The Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) is a regional public transportation authority that operates bus, rapid transit, commuter rail, light rail, and electric trolleybus services for nearly 4 million people in five coun ...

in the subicular

hypha A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium. Structure A hypha consists of one or ...

e and at the base of the

basidia A basidium () is a microscopic sporangium (a spore-producing structure) found on the hymenophore of fruiting bodies of basidiomycete fungi which are also called tertiary mycelium, developed from secondary mycelium. Tertiary mycelium is highly-c ...

, and

hyaline A hyaline substance is one with a glassy appearance. The word is derived from el, ὑάλινος, translit=hyálinos, lit=transparent, and el, ὕαλος, translit=hýalos, lit=crystal, glass, label=none. Histopathology Hyaline cartilage is ...

, thin-walled,

nonamyloid In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black stai ...

spores In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, f ...

. Several features distinguish ''Candelabrochaete'' from ''Phanerochaete''. These include small, cylindrical to club-shaped (clavate)

, septate

cystidia A cystidium (plural cystidia) is a relatively large cell found on the sporocarp of a basidiomycete (for example, on the surface of a mushroom gill), often between clusters of basidia. Since cystidia have highly varied and distinct shapes that ar ...

, a loosely interwoven subiculum (a mat of hyphae from which the fruitbody arises), and a loosely organized

hymenium The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in others some ...

. This latter characteristic gives a

farinaceous Flour is a powder made by grinding raw grains, roots, beans, nuts, or seeds. Flours are used to make many different foods. Cereal flour, particularly wheat flour, is the main ingredient of bread, which is a staple food for many cultures. ...

to woolly appearance to the fruitbodies.

Species

Index Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names ( scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of M ...

accepts 12 species in ''Candelabrochaete'': *'' Candelabrochaete adnata'' Hjortstam (1995) – Brazil *'' Candelabrochaete africana'' Boidin (1970) – Africa *'' Candelabrochaete cirrata'' Hjortstam & Ryvarden (1986) – Argentina; British Virgin Islands; Brunei; Ghana; Kenya; Taiwan *'' Candelabrochaete dispar'' Hjortstam & Ryvarden (1986) – Argentina *'' Candelabrochaete eruciformis'' (G.Cunn.) Stalpers & P.K.Buchanan (1991) *'' Candelabrochaete langloisii'' (Pat.) Boidin (1970) *'' Candelabrochaete macaronesica'' M.Dueñas, Tellería & Melo (2008) –

Faial Island Faial Island (), also known in English as Fayal, is a Portugal, Portuguese island of the Central Group (Portuguese: ''Grupo Central'') of the Azores. The Capelinhos Volcano, the westernmost point of the island, may be considered the westernmost ...

;

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*'' Candelabrochaete magnahypha'' (Burt) Burds. (1984) *'' Candelabrochaete mexicana'' (Burt) P.Roberts (2000) – Cameroon; Venezuela *'' Candelabrochaete neocaledonica'' Duhem & Buyck (2011) –

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*'' Candelabrochaete simulans'' Hjortstam (1995) – Thailand *'' Candelabrochaete verruculosa'' Hjortstam (1983) – Africa; Asia; Europe

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5031645 Phanerochaetaceae Polyporales genera Fungi described in 1970