''Cambarellus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of small freshwater

crayfish Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the clade Astacidea, which also contains lobsters. In some locations, they are also known as crawfish, craydids, crawdaddies, crawdads, freshwater lobsters, mountain lobsters, rock lobsters, mu ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Cambaridae The Cambaridae are the largest of the four families of freshwater crayfish, with over 400 Species. Most of the species in the family are native the United States east of the Great Divide and Mexico, but fewer range north to Canada, and south to ...

. The 19

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

are found in

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

(subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

(subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, ''C. areolatus'', ''C. patzcuarensis'', and ''C. prolixus'' are considered seriously threatened by the

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

, and ''C. alvarezi'' is already

extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...

. ''C. chihuahuae'' was also believed to be extinct until rediscovered in 2012. ''C. alvarezi'' and four undescribed, extinct ''Cambarellus'' species were restricted to desert spring systems in southwestern

Nuevo León Nuevo León () is a state in the northeast region of Mexico. The state was named after the New Kingdom of León, an administrative territory from the Viceroyalty of New Spain, itself was named after the historic Spanish Kingdom of León. With a ...

; each one shared its habitat with a ''

Cyprinodon ''Cyprinodon'' is a genus of pupfishes found in waters that range from fresh to hypersaline. The genus is primarily found in Mexico, the Caribbean Islands and southern United States (Arizona, California, Florida, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma and ...

'' pupfish (these are also fully extinct or

extinct in the wild A species that is extinct in the wild (EW) is one that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as known only by living members kept in captivity or as a naturalized population outside its historic range due ...

). An orange form of ''C. patzcuarensis'' is regularly seen in the

freshwater aquarium A freshwater aquarium is a receptacle that holds one or more freshwater aquatic organisms for decorative, pet-keeping, or research purposes. Modern aquariums are most often made from transparent glass or acrylic glass. Typical inhabitants include ...

trade.

Species

The genus contains the following species: ;Subgenus ''Cambarellus (Cambarellus)'' *†''

Cambarellus alvarezi ''Cambarellus'' is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the Family (biology), family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf Coast of the United States, Gulf States of the United States (subgenus ...

'' (Villalobos, 1952)Villalobos, A. (1952). Estudios de los cambarinos mexicanos. X. Una nueva especie del genero Cambarellus del Estado de Nuevo Leon. ''Anales del Instituto de Biologia Universidad de Mexico'', 22, 525–532. *''

Cambarellus areolatus ''Cambarellus'' is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the United States (subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, '' ...

'' (Faxon, 1885)Faxon, W. (1885). A revision of the Astacidæ. Part 1. The genera ''Cambarus'' and ''Astacus''. ''Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology'', 10(4). *''

Cambarellus chapalanus ''Cambarellus'' is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the United States (subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, '' ...

'' (Faxon, 1898)Faxon, W. (1898). Observations on the Astacidæ in the United States National Museum and in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, with Descriptions of New Species. ''Proceedings of the United States National Museum'', 20, 643–694. *''

Cambarellus chihuahuae ''Cambarellus'' is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the United States (subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, '' ...

'' (Hobbs, 1980)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1980). New dwarf crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from Mexico and Florida. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 93, 194–207. *''

Cambarellus montezumae The ''acocil'' (''Cambarellus montezumae'') is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Mexico, where it is known from Jalisco and Puebla. The name ''acocil'' comes from the Nahuatl ', meaning "crooked one of the water" o ...

'' (de Saussure, 1857)de Saussure, H. (1857). Diagnoses de quelques Crustacés nouveaux de l’Amérique tropicale. ''Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée'', 9, 501–505. *''

Cambarellus occidentalis ''Cambarellus'' is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the United States (subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, '' ...

'' (Faxon, 1898) *''

Cambarellus patzcuarensis ''Cambarellus patzcuarensis'' is a small, threatened species of crayfish in the Family (biology), family Cambaridae. It is native to Mexico and often kept in aquariums. Description It measures in total length, including claws. Most specimens fo ...

'' (Villalobos, 1943)Villalobos, J. L. (1943). Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, I. Observaciones sobre ''Cambarellus montezumae'' (Saussure) y Algunas de sus Formas con Descripción de una Subspecie Nueva. ''Anales del Institute de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico'', 14(2), 587–611. *''

Cambarellus prolixus ''Cambarellus'' is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus ''Cambarellus'') and the Gulf States of the United States (subgenus ''Pandicambarus''). Among the Mexican species, '' ...

'' (Villalobos-Figueroa & Hobbs, 1981)Villalobos-Figueroa, A. & Hobbs, H., Jr. (1981). A new dwarf crayfish from the Pacific versant of Mexico (Decapoda: Cambaridae). ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 94(2), 492–502. *''

Cambarellus zacapuensis ''Cambarellus zacapuensis'', also known as Zacapu acocil or Zacapu dwarf crayfish, is a small crustacean endemic to the Angulo River basin, observed mainly in Zacapu Lagoon. Description The Zacapu acocil is a species morphologically very simi ...

'' (Pedraza-Lara & Doadrio, 2015)Pedraza-Lara, C. & Doadrio, I. (2015). A new species of dwarf crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from central Mexico, as supported by morphological and genetic evidence. ''Zootaxa'', 28(3963), 583–594. *'' Cambarellus zempoalensis'' (Villalobos, 1943) ;Subgenus ''Pandicambarus'' *'' Cambarellus blacki'' (Hobbs, 1980) *'' Cambarellus diminutus'' (Hobbs, 1945)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1945). Two new species of crayfishes of the genus ''Cambarellus'' from the Gulf Coastal states, with a key to the species of the genus (Decapoda: Astacidae). ''The American Midland Naturalist'', 34(2), 466–474. *''

Cambarellus lesliei ''Cambarellus lesliei'' is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is native to Alabama and Mississippi in the United States. It is known commonly as the angular dwarf crawfish. The main part of this species' distribution is Mobile Ba ...

'' (Fitzpatrick & Laning, 1976)Fitzpatrick, J. F. & Laning, B. A. (1976). A new dwarf crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae: Cambarellinae) from southwest Alabama and adjacent Mississippi, U. S. A. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 89, 137–146. *'' Cambarellus ninae'' (Hobbs, 1950)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1950). A new crayfish of the genus ''Cambarellus'' from Texas (Decapoda, Astacidae). ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 63, 89–96. *'' Cambarellus puer'' (Hobbs, 1945) *'' Cambarellus rotatus'' (Schuster & Kendrick, 2017)Schuster, G. A. & Kendrick, M. R. (2017). A new dwarf crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from floodplain swapms in central Alabama. ''Zootaxa'', 4238(3), 375–384. *'' Cambarus schmitti'' (Hobbs, 1942)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1942b). The Crayfishes of Florida. ''University of Florida Publications, Biological Science'', 3(2). *'' Cambarellus shufeldtii'' (Faxon, 1884)Faxon, W. (1884). Descriptions of new species of ''Cambarus''; to which is added a synonymical list of the known species of ''Cambarus'' and ''Astacus''. ''Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences'', 20, 107–158. *'' Cambarellus texanus'' (Albaugh & Black, 1973)Albaugh, D. W. & Black, J. B. (1973). A new crayfish of the genus ''Cambarellus'' from Texas, with new Texas distributional records for the genus (Decapoda, Astacidae). ''The Southwest Naturalist'', 18(2), 177–185.

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q244133 Cambaridae Freshwater crustaceans of North America Decapod genera Taxa named by Arnold Edward Ortmann Taxonomy articles created by Polbot