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California Chrome (
foal A foal is an equine up to one year old; this term is used mainly for horses, but can be used for donkeys. More specific terms are colt for a male foal and filly for a female foal, and are used until the horse is three or four. When the foal i ...
ed February 18, 2011) is a champion American
Thoroughbred The Thoroughbred is a horse breed best known for its use in horse racing. Although the word ''thoroughbred'' is sometimes used to refer to any breed of purebred horse, it technically refers only to the Thoroughbred breed. Thoroughbreds are c ...
racehorse Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys (or sometimes driven without riders) over a set distance for competition. It is one of the most ancient of all sports, as its basic pr ...
who won the
2014 Kentucky Derby The 2014 Kentucky Derby was the 140th running of the Kentucky Derby. The race was scheduled to start at 6:24 pm Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) on May 3, 2014, at Churchill Downs and was run as the eleventh race on a racecard with thirteen races. The ...
,
Preakness Stakes The Preakness Stakes is an American thoroughbred horse race held on Armed Forces Day which is also the third Saturday in May each year at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland. It is a Grade I race run over a distance of 9.5 furlongs () on ...
, and 2016
Dubai World Cup The Dubai World Cup (Arabic: كأس دبي العالمي) is a Thoroughbred horse race held annually since 1996 and contested at the Meydan Racecourse (Arabic: ميدان) which in Arabic suggests a place wher ...
. He was the 2014 and 2016
American Horse of the Year The American Award for Horse of the Year, one of the Eclipse Awards, is the highest honor given in American thoroughbred horse racing. Because Thoroughbred horse racing in the United States has no governing body to sanction the various awards, "Hor ...
. In 2016, he surpassed
Curlin Curlin (foaled March 25, 2004, in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred horse racing, racehorse who was the American Horse of the Year in both 2007 and 2008. He retired in 2008 as the highest North American money earner with over US$10.5  ...
as the all-time leading North American horse in earnings won. Bred in California, the chestnut-colored horse was named for his flashy white markings, called "chrome" by horse aficionados. He was bred and originally owned by Perry Martin from
Yuba City, California Yuba City (Maidu: ''Yubu'') is a city in Northern California and the county seat of Sutter County, California, United States. The population was 70,117 at the 2020 census. Yuba City is the principal city of the Yuba City Metropolitan Statistical ...
, and Steve Coburn of
Topaz Lake, Nevada Topaz Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) in Douglas County, Nevada, United States. The population was 157 at the 2010 census. Geography The CDP is located on the northwest shore of Topaz Lake just north of the California border. U.S. Route ...
, who named their partnership
DAP Racing The ownership of California Chrome during his racing career was held by two entities. The first was DAP Racing, a horse racing partnership between Perry Martin, at the time from Yuba City, California, and Steve Coburn of Topaz Lake, Nevada, along ...
, standing for "Dumb Ass Partners"—a tongue-in-cheek response to a passerby who questioned their wisdom in purchasing California Chrome's
dam A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use ...
, Love the Chase. In 2015, Coburn sold his minority share to
Taylor Made Farm Taylor Made Farm is a 1,600-acre Thoroughbred racehorse breeding farm in Jessamine County, Kentucky, and is a leading consignor of Thoroughbred horses. The farm is owned and operated by four brothers, Duncan, Ben, Frank and Mark Taylor with thei ...
, and a new ownership group, California Chrome, LLC, was formed. The horse is trained by the father–son team of Art and Alan Sherman. Dedicated fans—called "Chromies"—actively supported California Chrome, who has been called "the people's horse". As a two-year-old, the horse ran inconsistently until teamed with
jockey A jockey is someone who rides horses in horse racing or steeplechase racing, primarily as a profession. The word also applies to camel riders in camel racing. The word "jockey" originated from England and was used to describe the individual ...
Victor Espinoza Victor Espinoza (born May 23, 1972) is a Mexican jockey in American Thoroughbred horse racing who won the Triple Crown in 2015 on American Pharoah. He began riding in his native Mexico and went on to compete at racetracks in California. He has wo ...
. The rapport that developed between the pair led to a six-win streak in 2013–2014. After winning the
San Felipe Stakes The San Felipe Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. It is a Grade II event open to three-year-old horses. Normally held in early -March, it is raced at a distance of one and one ...
and
Santa Anita Derby The Santa Anita Derby is an American Grade 1 thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds run each April at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. It is currently run at a distance of miles on the dirt and carries a purse of $400,000. It is on ...
, California Chrome was the
morning line Glossary of North American horse racing: Additional glossaries at: *Glossary of Australian and New Zealand punting *Glossary of equestrian terms This is a basic glossary of equestrian terms that includes both technical terminology and jargon ...
favorite for the Kentucky Derby. Critics who downplayed his chances of winning were proven wrong when California Chrome won by lengths even though Espinoza eased him for the final . In the Preakness, he fended off two strong challengers in the homestretch and won by
lengths Length is a measure of distance. In the International System of Quantities, length is a quantity with dimension distance. In most systems of measurement a base unit for length is chosen, from which all other units are derived. In the Intern ...
. He then shipped to
Belmont Park Belmont Park is a major thoroughbred horse racing facility in the northeastern United States, located in Elmont, New York, just east of the New York City limits. It was opened on May 4, 1905. It is operated by the non-profit New York Racin ...
with hopes of winning the
Triple Crown Triple Crown may refer to: Sports Horse racing * Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing * Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States) ** Triple Crown Trophy ** Triple Crown Productions * Canadian Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing * Trip ...
in the
2014 Belmont Stakes The 2014 Belmont Stakes was the 146th running of the Belmont Stakes. It was run on June 7, 2014, and was televised on NBC. California Chrome had a chance to complete the third leg of the Triple Crown after his victories in the 2014 Kentucky Derby ...
, but was stepped on by the horse next to him at the start, tearing some tissue from his right front heel. With no one aware of his injury until the race was over, he finished fourth in a
dead heat A dead heat is a rare situation in various racing sports in which the performances of competitors are judged to be so close that no difference between them can be resolved. The result is declared a tie and the competitors are awarded a joint ra ...
. After healing and pasture rest, he ran in the 2014
Breeders' Cup Classic The Breeders' Cup Classic is a Grade I Weight for Age thoroughbred horse race for 3-year-olds and older run at a distance of on dirt. It is held annually at a different racetrack as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships in late October o ...
, finishing third, a
neck The neck is the part of the body on many vertebrates that connects the head with the torso. The neck supports the weight of the head and protects the nerves that carry sensory and motor information from the brain down to the rest of the body. In ...
behind the winner. California Chrome returned to his winning form in his first start on a
turf Sod, also known as turf, is the upper layer of soil with the grass growing on it that is often harvested into rolls. In Australian and British English, sod is more commonly known as ''turf'', and the word "sod" is limited mainly to agricultu ...
course in the
Hollywood Derby The Hollywood Derby is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race held annually in late November/early December. Now held at Del Mar racetrack in San Diego, California, until 2014 it was held at Hollywood Park Racetrack in Inglewood, California. ...
in late November. California Chrome won many accolades and awards in 2014: The
California State Legislature The California State Legislature is a bicameral state legislature consisting of a lower house, the California State Assembly, with 80 members; and an upper house, the California State Senate, with 40 members. Both houses of the Legisla ...
unanimously passed a resolution recognizing his outstanding performance, and the city of
Fresno Fresno () is a major city in the San Joaquin Valley of California, United States. It is the county seat of Fresno County and the largest city in the greater Central Valley region. It covers about and had a population of 542,107 in 2020, maki ...
proclaimed October 11, 2014, as "California Chrome Day" in a ceremony at the
fairgrounds Fairground most typically refers to a permanent space that hosts fairs. Fairground, Fairgrounds, Fair Ground or Fair Grounds may also refer to: Places Canada * Fairground, Ontario, a community United States * Fairground, St. Louis, a neighbo ...
racetrack. He won the 2014
Secretariat Vox Populi Award The Secretariat Vox Populi Award, also known as the "Voice of the People" award, was established in 2010 by Penny Chenery, who was the owner of Secretariat (horse), Secretariat. The annual award "recognizes the horse whose popularity and racing exce ...
, his Kentucky Derby win was awarded the NTRA "Moment of the Year", and he won
Eclipse Award The Eclipse Award is an American Thoroughbred horse racing award named after the 18th-century British racehorse and sire, Eclipse. An Eclipse Award Trophy is presented to the winner in each division that is made by a few small selected American ...
s for
American Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse The American Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse is an American Thoroughbred horse racing honor awarded annually in Thoroughbred flat racing. It became part of the Eclipse Awards program in 1971. The award originated in 1936 when both ''Turf & Sport ...
and
American Horse of the Year The American Award for Horse of the Year, one of the Eclipse Awards, is the highest honor given in American thoroughbred horse racing. Because Thoroughbred horse racing in the United States has no governing body to sanction the various awards, "Hor ...
. California Chrome's 2015 season was tumultuous. He began the year with second-place finishes in the San Antonio Stakes and Dubai World Cup. He then was shipped to the United Kingdom to train for the
Prince of Wales's Stakes The Prince of Wales's Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged four years or older. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 1 mile 1 furlong and 212 yards (2,004 met ...
at
Royal Ascot Ascot Racecourse ("ascot" pronounced , often pronounced ) is a dual-purpose British racecourse, located in Ascot, Berkshire, England, which is used for thoroughbred horse racing. It hosts 13 of Britain's 36 annual Flat Group 1 horse races and ...
but was scratched a few days prior to the race due to a hoof bruise. Upon returning to the US in July 2015, he was diagnosed with bruising on his
cannon bone Good conformation in the limbs leads to improved movement and decreased likelihood of injuries. Large differences in bone structure and size can be found in horses used for different activities, but correct conformation remains relatively simil ...
s, which ended his 2015 season. Shortly thereafter, Coburn sold his ownership interest. After a rest of several months, he returned to training with Sherman at
Los Alamitos Race Course Los Alamitos Race Course is a horse racing track in Cypress, California. The track hosts both thoroughbred and quarter horse racing. The track has the distinction of holding four quarter horse stakes races with purses over $1 million, more than a ...
and regained his form with a six-race winning streak in 2016 which included Grade I wins in the Dubai World Cup, the
Pacific Classic The Pacific Classic Stakes is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds and older over a distance of one and one quarter miles on the dirt track scheduled annually in August at Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California. The ev ...
, and the
Awesome Again Stakes The Awesome Again Stakes is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race for horses aged three years old or older over the distance of one and one-eighth miles on the dirt scheduled annually in September at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. ...
before suffering a narrow loss to
Arrogate Arrogate (April 11, 2013June 2, 2020) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 2016 Travers Stakes in a track record time in his first stakes appearance. He then won the Breeders' Cup Classic and was named the American Champion Three- ...
in the Breeders' Cup Classic. He again won the Horse of the Year, Moment of the Year, and Vox Populi awards in 2016. Following the
Pegasus World Cup The Pegasus World Cup Invitational Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race whose first running was on January 28, 2017 at Gulfstream Park in Hallandale Beach, Florida. It is run over the dirt at the distance of miles (9 furlongs) and is o ...
in January 2017, he retired to
stud Stud may refer to the following terms: Animals * Stud (animal), an animal retained for breeding ** Stud farm, a property where livestock are bred Arts and entertainment * Stud (band), a British progressive rock group * The Stud (bar), a gay ba ...
.


Background

California Chrome was foaled on February 18, 2011, near
Coalinga, California Coalinga ( or ) is a city in Fresno County and the western San Joaquin Valley, in central California about 80 miles (128 km) southeast of Salinas. It was formerly known as ''Coaling Station A'', ''Coalingo'', and ''Coalinga Station''. The ...
, at Harris Farms, the
horse breeding Horse breeding is reproduction in horses, and particularly the human-directed process of selective breeding of animals, particularly purebred horses of a given breed. Planned matings can be used to produce specifically desired characteristics in ...
division of the
Harris Ranch Harris Ranch, or the Harris Cattle Ranch, feedlot is California's largest beef producer, producing of beef per year in 2010. It is located alongside Interstate 5 at its intersection with State Route 198 east of Coalinga, in the San Joaquin ...
. He is a chestnut with four white
stockings Stockings (also known as hose, especially in a historical context) are close-fitting, variously elastic garments covering the leg from the foot up to the knee or possibly part or all of the thigh. Stockings vary in color, design, and transparen ...
and a blaze. At four years old, he stood tall. As a foal, he was nicknamed "Junior" because of his resemblance to his
sire Sire is an archaic respectful form of address to reigning kings in Europe. In French and other languages it is less archaic and relatively more current. In Belgium, the king is addressed as "Sire..." in both Dutch and French. The words "sire" a ...
, Lucky Pulpit.
Lucky Pulpit Lucky Pulpit ( foaled February 10, 2001– February 13, 2017) was an American Thoroughbred stallion who stood at Harris Farms in Coalinga, California. Lucky Pulpit was a son of the Blue Grass Stakes winner Pulpit, and grandson of the 1992 Un ...
had won three races, placed in several
graded stakes race A graded stakes race is a thoroughbred horse race in the United States that meets the criteria of the American Graded Stakes Committee of the Thoroughbred Owners and Breeders Association (TOBA). A specific grade level (I, II, III or listed) is then ...
s, and hit the board in 13 of his 22 starts. However, a viral respiratory infection damaged his breathing and limited him to racing over short distances. California Chrome's
dam A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use ...
is Love the Chase, and he was her first
foal A foal is an equine up to one year old; this term is used mainly for horses, but can be used for donkeys. More specific terms are colt for a male foal and filly for a female foal, and are used until the horse is three or four. When the foal i ...
. She was purchased for $30,000 as a two-year-old by an agent for a horse ownership group called the Blinkers On Racing Stable. As a two- and three-year-old
filly A filly is a female horse that is too young to be called a mare. There are two specific definitions in use: *In most cases, a ''filly'' is a female horse under four years old. *In some nations, such as the United Kingdom and the United States, t ...
, she was anxious in the saddling
paddock A paddock is a small enclosure for horses. In the United Kingdom, this term also applies to a field for a general automobile racing competition, particularly Formula 1. Description In Canada and the United States of America, a paddock is a small ...
, and as a result, often lost races before she ever got to the
starting gate A starting gate also called a starting barrier or starting stalls is a machine used to ensure a fair start to in horse racing and dog racing. History Throughout the history of horse racing, there have been proposals as to how better to start ...
. She ran six times and won on her fourth try in a February 2009
maiden Virginity is the state of a person who has never engaged in sexual intercourse. The term ''virgin'' originally only referred to sexually inexperienced women, but has evolved to encompass a range of definitions, as found in traditional, modern ...
claiming race In Thoroughbred racing, a claiming race is a type of horse race in which the horses are all for sale at a specified claiming price until shortly before the race. In the hierarchy of horse races, based on the quality of the horses that compete, claim ...
at
Golden Gate Fields Golden Gate Fields is an American horse racing track straddling both Albany, California and Berkeley, California along the shoreline of the San Francisco Bay adjacent to the Eastshore Freeway in the San Francisco Bay Area. With the closing of t ...
. After her win, Steve Coburn and Perry Martin became her owners, ran her two more times, then retired her later that year. They hoped she would become a good
broodmare A mare is an adult female horse or other equine. In most cases, a mare is a female horse over the age of three, and a filly is a female horse three and younger. In Thoroughbred horse racing, a mare is defined as a female horse more than four ...
, as she had a promising pedigree. When she retired, it was discovered that she had raced with a breathing problem—an entrapped
epiglottis The epiglottis is a leaf-shaped flap in the throat that prevents food and water from entering the trachea and the lungs. It stays open during breathing, allowing air into the larynx. During swallowing, it closes to prevent aspiration of food int ...
that restricted her air intake, but which could be corrected with surgery. , she had given birth to four foals, the two fillies and a
colt Colt(s) or COLT may refer to: *Colt (horse), an intact (uncastrated) male horse under four years of age People * Colt (given name) *Colt (surname) Places *Colt, Arkansas, United States *Colt, Louisiana, an unincorporated community, United States ...
, all full siblings to California Chrome. After California Chrome became a Kentucky Derby contender, Martin and Coburn turned down an offer of $2.1 million for Love the Chase, and ultimately sold her in November 2016 for $1.95 million.


Ownership

California Chrome was bred by Perry Martin of Yuba City, California, and Steve Coburn of Topaz Lake, Nevada. Their wives, Denise Martin and Carolyn Coburn, were closely involved with the partnership, though not listed as owners on official records kept by Equibase. Perry Martin held a 70% share in the horse and was the managing owner. Coburn owned a 30% interest in the horse and sold his share to Taylor Made Farm in July 2015. Originally, the Martins and Coburns each owned a five percent share in Love the Chase through the Blinkers On Racing Stable syndicate. When Blinkers On Racing Stable dissolved the Love the Chase syndicate, both shareholders wanted to buy the filly, so they formed a partnership and paid $8,000 for her. A casual observer, knowing Love the Chase's modest race record, remarked that only a "dumb ass" would buy her, so Coburn and Martin named their racing operation DAP Racing, for "Dumb Ass Partners". They created a
caricature A caricature is a rendered image showing the features of its subject in a simplified or exaggerated way through sketching, pencil strokes, or other artistic drawings (compare to: cartoon). Caricatures can be either insulting or complimentary, a ...
of a buck-toothed
donkey The domestic donkey is a hoofed mammal in the family Equidae, the same family as the horse. It derives from the African wild ass, ''Equus africanus'', and may be classified either as a subspecies thereof, ''Equus africanus asinus'', or as a ...
to adorn the back of their
racing silks A jockey is someone who rides horses in horse racing or steeplechase racing, primarily as a profession. The word also applies to camel riders in camel racing. The word "jockey" originated from England and was used to describe the individual w ...
, and put the initials "DAP" on the horse's blinker hood and the left front of the jockey's silks. The Martins and the Coburns had in common a fondness for California Chrome but very different personalities and backgrounds. Melissa Hoppert of ''
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'' described the Martins as the "quiet thinkers," noting that Perry Martin planned the mating of Lucky Pulpit to Love the Chase, mapped out a "Road to the Derby" racing plan for California Chrome, and promoted use of a
nasal strip A nasal strip, external nasal dilator strip or nasal dilator strip is a type of adhesive bandage with embedded plastic ribs or splints that is applied across the bridge of the nose and sides of the nostrils, to assist in keeping the airway open. ...
for the horse's races. Originally from Chicago, they moved to California in 1987, where Perry Martin was employed as a metallurgist by the
Air Force An air force – in the broadest sense – is the national military branch that primarily conducts aerial warfare. More specifically, it is the branch of a nation's armed services that is responsible for aerial warfare as distinct from an a ...
and Denise briefly
job shadow Job shadowing (or work shadowing) is a type of on-the-job learning. It may be a part of an onboarding process, or part of a career or leadership development program. Job shadowing involves following and observing another employee who might have a ...
ed a racehorse trainer in the Sacramento area. Today they own and operate Martin Testing Laboratories (MTL), which tests high-reliability items such as automobile
airbag An airbag is a vehicle occupant-restraint system using a bag designed to inflate extremely quickly, then quickly deflate during a collision. It consists of the airbag cushion, a flexible fabric bag, an inflation module, and an impact sensor. Th ...
s and medical equipment. By contrast, Hoppert characterized the more outgoing Coburns as the "public relations arm" of the partnership. Steve Coburn, characterized by the media as "loquacious", described himself and his wife Carolyn as "just everyday people". He worked as a press operator for a company that makes magnetic strips, and Carolyn Coburn retired from a career working payroll in the health care industry. Carolyn introduced Steve to horse racing, and when he was looking for a tax write-off she encouraged him to buy into a racing syndicate instead of purchasing a small airplane. Taylor Made Farm, which purchased Coburn's share in California Chrome, is headed by Duncan Taylor, president and CEO of the family-owned farm of . His brother, Ben Taylor, is the vice president of the company's Taylor Made Stallions division. The brothers of the Taylor family have been the sole owners of the corporation in
Nicholasville, Kentucky Nicholasville is a home rule city in and the county seat of Jessamine County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 31,490 during the 2020 U.S. Census, making Nicholasville the 10th-largest settlement in the state. Since the late 20th ce ...
since 1986. By early 2016, the horse's ownership was officially listed as "California Chrome, LLC". Perry and Denise Martin were described as the "majority owners" by the ''
Daily Racing Form The ''Daily Racing Form'' (DRF) (referred to as the ''Racing Form'' or "Form" and sometimes "telegraph" or "telly") is a tabloid newspaper founded in 1894 in Chicago, Illinois, by Frank Brunell. The paper publishes the past performances of race ...
'', and Frank Taylor, boarding manager of Taylor Made, explained that both the Martins and Taylor Made had each sold "a few" shares in the stallion to "select breeders who would support the horse." Martin stated that they had brought in 22 partners. In August 2016, Martin announced that Love the Chase, confirmed in foal to
Tapit Tapit (foaled February 27, 2001, in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse who won three of his six races, including the Wood Memorial Stakes, then a Graded stakes race, Grade I event. He was an immediate success after retiring to stud, ...
, would be sold at the November
Fasig-Tipton The Fasig-Tipton Company, Inc. is an American auction house for Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses. Founded in 1898, it is the oldest auction company of its kind in North America. The company has offices in Lexington, Kentucky, Elkton, Maryla ...
sale, stating that he ultimately would keep a 10% interest in California Chrome and invest in mares suitable for crossing with 'Chrome.


Early years

Harris Farms, where California Chrome was bred, foaled, and lived until the age of two, had previously nurtured champions such as two-time
Breeders' Cup Classic The Breeders' Cup Classic is a Grade I Weight for Age thoroughbred horse race for 3-year-olds and older run at a distance of on dirt. It is held annually at a different racetrack as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships in late October o ...
winner
Tiznow Tiznow (foaled March 12, 1997 in California) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for his wins in the Breeders' Cup Classic in 2000 and 2001, becoming the only horse to win this race twice. He was the 2000 American Horse of the Year an ...
. In 2010 Love the Chase was bred to the Harris Farms stallion Lucky Pulpit.
CNN CNN (Cable News Network) is a multinational cable news channel headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner and Reese Schonfeld as a 24-hour cable news channel, and presently owned by the M ...
reported that the
stud fee A stud animal is a registered animal retained for breeding. The terms for the male of a given animal species (stallion, bull, rooster, etc.) usually imply that the animal is intact—that is, not castrated—and therefore capable of siring offspr ...
for the breeding was $2,000. Steve Coburn said he had a dream three weeks before California Chrome's birth that the foal would be a colt with four white feet and a blaze. California Chrome was relatively large for a newborn horse, weighing , and active, "running circles around Momma" within two hours of birth. Love the Chase suffered a uterine laceration while foaling, and was placed on an IV due to internal bleeding. The
mare A mare is an adult female horse or other equine. In most cases, a mare is a female horse over the age of three, and a filly is a female horse three and younger. In Thoroughbred horse racing, a mare is defined as a female horse more than four ...
and foal were stall-bound together for over a month. She was kept on a
catheter In medicine, a catheter (/ˈkæθətər/) is a thin tube made from medical grade materials serving a broad range of functions. Catheters are medical devices that can be inserted in the body to treat diseases or perform a surgical procedure. Cath ...
that administered anti-bleeding medication, and the farm staff checked her two to three times a day. Because people gave the colt extra attention and affection when they cared for his dam, he imprinted on humans as well as his mother. As a result, California Chrome became very people-focused, a trait that has served him well in race training. The Martins and Coburns chose California Chrome's official name in 2013 at Brewsters Bar & Grill in
Galt, California Galt is a city in Sacramento County, California. It is part of the Sacramento metropolitan area. The population was 23,647 at the 2010 census, up from 19,472 at the 2000 census. Geography Galt is located at . According to the United States Ce ...
, a town halfway between their two homes. Each of the four wrote a potential name on pieces of paper and asked a waitress to draw them out of Coburn's
cowboy hat The cowboy hat is a high-crowned, wide-brimmed hat best known as the defining piece of attire for the North American cowboy. Today it is worn by many people, and is particularly associated with ranch workers in the western and southern United S ...
. They submitted the names to
The Jockey Club The Jockey Club is the breed registry for Thoroughbred horses in the United States and Canada. It is dedicated to the improvement of Thoroughbred breeding and racing and fulfills that mandate by serving many segments of the industry through its s ...
ranked in the order drawn. California Chrome, Coburn's choice, was first drawn, and the
registry Registry may refer to: Computing * Container registry, an operating-system-level virtualization registry * Domain name registry, a database of top-level internet domain names * Local Internet registry * Metadata registry, information system for re ...
accepted the name. The word "chrome" comes from slang for a horse with flashy white markings. The colt was started under saddle by Harris Farms' trainer Per Antonsen, who described him as a "smart horse" who was "really nice to work with".


Sherman Training Stables

Perry Martin considered California Chrome a Derby contender even before the colt raced. When the colt was ready to enter race training at age two, Martin asked Steve Sherman, who had trained horses for Martin at Golden Gate Fields, to recommend a trainer based in the highly competitive southern California area. Steve suggested his father, Art, who had an "old school" reputation for patience with young Thoroughbreds and a small racing stable of about 15 horses, which allowed each animal to be given individualized attention. Art Sherman liked the enthusiasm of Martin and Coburn, but when Martin emailed a "Road to the Kentucky Derby" plan outlining which races California Chrome should run, Sherman was dubious. Later, Sherman's son Alan stated, "
artin Artin may refer to: * Artin (name), a surname and given name, including a list of people with the name ** Artin, a variant of Harutyun, an Armenian given name * 15378 Artin, a main-belt asteroid See also

{{disambiguation, surname ...
mapped out a trail for this horse; it's actually worked to a 'T', so it's kinda amazing." Art Sherman downplays his role in training California Chrome, saying, "This horse is my California rock star. I'm just his manager." Sherman's first exposure to a Kentucky Derby horse was in 1955, when at the age of 18 he worked for Rex Ellsworth and was the exercise rider of that year's Kentucky Derby winner Swaps. He was a professional jockey from 1957 until 1979, when he turned to training racehorses. California Chrome was the first Kentucky Derby prospect that Sherman had trained. Art Sherman's assistant is his son, Alan, who is also a licensed trainer. Rather than run a separate stable like his brother Steve, Alan has worked with his father since 1991. He does most of the hands-on day-to-day work with California Chrome and stayed with him throughout most of his travels when Art returned to California to oversee the rest of the stable. Unlike many high-end California Thoroughbred trainers, who usually are headquartered at
Santa Anita Park Santa Anita Park is a Thoroughbred racetrack in Arcadia, California, United States. It offers some of the prominent horse racing events in the United States during early fall, winter and in spring. The track is home to numerous prestigious races ...
, the Shermans kept horses at
Hollywood Park Hollywood Park may refer to: Places United States * Hollywood Memorial Park Cemetery in Los Angeles, California * Hollywood Park, Chicago, a neighborhood in North Park, Chicago, Illinois * Hollywood Park, Inglewood, an entertainment complex and m ...
, but when it closed in December 2013,
Los Alamitos Race Course Los Alamitos Race Course is a horse racing track in Cypress, California. The track hosts both thoroughbred and quarter horse racing. The track has the distinction of holding four quarter horse stakes races with purses over $1 million, more than a ...
picked up some of the Thoroughbred races and trainers who had stabled horses at Hollywood Park, including Sherman. The success of California Chrome, who was conditioned there over the track that had been recently expanded to accommodate longer races, created good publicity for Los Alamitos. Sherman's groom for California Chrome, beginning with his arrival at the stable, was Raul Rodriguez, a veteran horse handler. Other members of Rodriguez's family were employed by Sherman's operation, and two of his sons were exercise riders for another stable. Rodriguez traveled everywhere with the horse throughout the stallion's world journeys. The groom's bonuses from the wins of California Chrome allowed Rodriguez to purchase a house and 80-acre ranch in his home of
Jalisco Jalisco (, , ; Nahuatl: Xalixco), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Jalisco ; Nahuatl: Tlahtohcayotl Xalixco), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Federal En ...
in Mexico, where he intends to retire.


Behavior

Observers commented that California Chrome appears to be a very intelligent horse, as he expresses curiosity about everything around him. His idiosyncrasies, included a fondness for one specific brand of horse cookies. His tendency to perform a
flehmen response The flehmen response (; from German ''flehmen'', to bare the upper teeth, and Upper Saxon German ''flemmen'', to look spiteful), also called the flehmen position, flehmen reaction, flehmen grimace, flehming, or flehmening, is a behavior in whic ...
for no obvious reason, particularly when being bathed, prompted the press to claim that he is "smiling". He will deliberately stop and put his ears forward to "pose" for cameras when he hears them clicking. As Alan Sherman explained, "He's a ham"; and exercise rider Willie Delgado gave him an additional nickname, "
Vogue Vogue may refer to: Business * ''Vogue'' (magazine), a US fashion magazine ** British ''Vogue'', a British fashion magazine ** ''Vogue Arabia'', an Arab fashion magazine ** ''Vogue Australia'', an Australian fashion magazine ** ''Vogue China'', ...
". As a younger horse, notably in 2014, he would not walk forward out of horse vans designed for a forward exit; he would only back out, a quirk discovered by the press when he was first unloaded off of an airplane. At the Sherman stables, he had a green
tetherball Tetherball is a game where two players use their hands to strike a volleyball which is suspended from a stationary metal pole by a rope or tether. The two players stand on opposite sides of the pole, and each tries to hit the ball one way; one ...
in his stall to play with, but his worst bad habit is that he sometimes bites. On the track, California Chrome has the ability to use tactical speed at nearly any point in a race. Early in his career, he tended to be slow out of the
starting gate A starting gate also called a starting barrier or starting stalls is a machine used to ensure a fair start to in horse racing and dog racing. History Throughout the history of horse racing, there have been proposals as to how better to start ...
; if he had to wait too long for the start, he sometimes expressed anxiety by rocking from side to side, preventing him from being oriented straight forward when the gate opened. He overcame this problem by the end of the 2014 season and learned to break quickly. When outside and in the clear, he usually won. He originally did not run well on the inside or in close quarters; two of his worst finishes were in races where he had the number one post position, and his fourth-place performance in the Belmont Stakes was attributed to both his injury at the start and the number two draw. However, as an older horse, he won both a 2016 prep race at
Meydan Racecourse Meydan Racecourse is a racecourse in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The grandstand is over a mile in length, and can accommodate over 60,000 spectators. Meydan opened on 27 March 2010, replacing Nad Al Sheba Racecourse, which formerly occupi ...
and the
Pacific Classic The Pacific Classic Stakes is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds and older over a distance of one and one quarter miles on the dirt track scheduled annually in August at Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California. The ev ...
from the number one post.


Racing history


2013: Two-year-old season

California Chrome's first start was in a
maiden race In horse racing a maiden race is an event for horses that have not won a race. Horses that have not won a race are referred to as maidens. Maiden horse races are held over a variety of distances and under conditions with eligibility based on the se ...
at Hollywood Park in April 2013, where he placed second by a length. Three weeks later, he won a maiden race by lengths. In both races, he was ridden by Alberto Delgado. About a month later, California Chrome was entered in the Willard L. Proctor Memorial Stakes. He was one of four horses assigned to carry , the highest impost given by the
handicapper Handicapping, in sport and games, is the practice of assigning advantage through scoring compensation or other advantage given to different contestants to equalize the chances of winning. The word also applies to the various methods by which th ...
. Alberto Delgado was out with a broken ankle, so
Corey Nakatani Corey S. Nakatani (born October 21, 1970 in Covina, California, United States) is an American Thoroughbred horse racing jockey. He got his big break in 1990 when he rode Itsallgreektome to win big stakes races. Nakatani has long resided on the S ...
was his rider. The colt was second for the first three
furlong A furlong is a measure of distance in imperial units and United States customary units equal to one eighth of a mile, equivalent to 660 feet, 220 yards, 40 rods, 10 chains or approximately 201 metres. It is now mostly confined to use in hors ...
s but finished fifth in a field of nine. His next two races were at
Del Mar racetrack The Del Mar Fairgrounds is a event venue in Del Mar, California. The annual San Diego County Fair is held here, which was called the Del Mar Fair from 1984 to 2001. In 1936, the Del Mar Racetrack was built by the Thoroughbred Club with foundin ...
. Delgado returned as his jockey, and California Chrome scored his second career win in the Graduation Stakes, a race limited to California-bred horses, prevailing by lengths. He carried the same weight over the same distance as his previous race, but this time he wore blinkers and ran on
Lasix Furosemide is a loop diuretic medication used to treat fluid build-up due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease. It may also be used for the treatment of high blood pressure. It can be taken by injection into a vein or by mouth ...
for the first time in his career. Next was his first
graded stakes race A graded stakes race is a thoroughbred horse race in the United States that meets the criteria of the American Graded Stakes Committee of the Thoroughbred Owners and Breeders Association (TOBA). A specific grade level (I, II, III or listed) is then ...
, the seven-furlong, Grade I
Del Mar Futurity The Del Mar Futurity is a seven-furlong American Thoroughbred horse race held annually at Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California. A Grade I event since 2007, the race is open to two-year-old horses and offers a purse of $300,000. In 1971, it was ...
. He ran strongly but finished sixth after he got caught in traffic in a field of 11 horses and was accidentally hit in the face by another jockey's whip. Two months later, California Chrome ran in the Golden State Juvenile Stakes on November 1 at
Santa Anita Park Santa Anita Park is a Thoroughbred racetrack in Arcadia, California, United States. It offers some of the prominent horse racing events in the United States during early fall, winter and in spring. The track is home to numerous prestigious races ...
, and at , was the longest race he had run. He was assigned the number 1 post position and had to wait for all the other horses to load. He became anxious, reared in the gate, was last out, struggled throughout the race, and again finished sixth. Sherman's assessment of California Chrome's poor performances was that he was still growing and learning how to be a racehorse. But several things began to change. In the fall of 2013, Alberto's younger brother, Willie Delgado, an experienced rider and trainer whose career in Maryland was in the doldrums, moved to California and within a couple of months became the horse's morning exercise rider. At roughly the same time, Alberto was taken off the horse as jockey. In December, California Chrome began wearing a new type of
horseshoe A horseshoe is a fabricated product designed to protect a horse hoof from wear. Shoes are attached on the palmar surface (ground side) of the hooves, usually nailed through the insensitive hoof wall that is anatomically akin to the human toen ...
. He had developed low
heels The heel is the prominence at the posterior end of the foot. It is based on the projection of one bone, the calcaneus or heel bone, behind the articulation of the bones of the lower leg. Structure To distribute the compressive forces exert ...
, and his
farrier A farrier is a specialist in equine hoof care, including the trimming and balancing of horses' hooves and the placing of shoes on their hooves, if necessary. A farrier combines some blacksmith's skills (fabricating, adapting, and adjus ...
, Judd Fisher, found a particular style of glued-on horseshoe with a durable, hard, rim pad that raised a horse's heels was suitable for fixing the problem. Instead of gluing it on, Fisher custom-drilled holes into the shoe so it could be nailed to the horse's feet in the manner of a traditional metal shoe. According to Fisher, nailing on the shoes raised the soles of the horse's feet a little bit farther off the ground. It may have been a contributing factor to California Chrome's subsequent series of wins. Aside from that issue, Sherman described the horse's
hooves The hoof (plural: hooves) is the tip of a toe of an ungulate mammal, which is covered and strengthened with a thick and horny keratin covering. Artiodactyls are even-toed ungulates, species whose feet have an even number of digits, yet the rumi ...
as generally healthy. Hollywood Park hosted California Chrome's final race of 2013, the King Glorious Stakes on December 22. He had a lighter impost of , a shorter distance of seven furlongs, and a new jockey,
Victor Espinoza Victor Espinoza (born May 23, 1972) is a Mexican jockey in American Thoroughbred horse racing who won the Triple Crown in 2015 on American Pharoah. He began riding in his native Mexico and went on to compete at racetracks in California. He has wo ...
. California Chrome won the race by lengths, becoming the final stakes winner at Hollywood Park Racetrack, which held its last races that day. Sherman was pleased with Espinoza's riding, and Espinoza was impressed in turn with California Chrome. Alan Sherman later said that it was after this race that he began to think that California Chrome could be a Kentucky Derby contender.


2014: Three-year-old season

California Chrome began 2014 with the California Cup Derby on January 25. Espinoza returned as his jockey. California Chrome was slow coming out of the gate but quickly moved up to third, took the lead coming into the homestretch, and won by lengths. Sherman noted that it was the second consecutive race where the horse pulled clear and won by a decisive margin, stating, "It's like the light bulb has gone on." California Chrome's first graded stakes win was the March 8
Grade II In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Irel ...
San Felipe Stakes The San Felipe Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. It is a Grade II event open to three-year-old horses. Normally held in early -March, it is raced at a distance of one and one ...
. Espinoza tried a different riding tactic and let the horse go to the lead right out of the gate. California Chrome led most of the way, and after Espinoza gave him one tap on the shoulder with the
whip A whip is a tool or weapon designed to strike humans or other animals to exert control through pain compliance or fear of pain. They can also be used without inflicting pain, for audiovisual cues, such as in equestrianism. They are generally e ...
, the horse pulled away from the field at the top of the homestretch and won by lengths. Alan Sherman said, "My jaw dropped", while Art Sherman joked, "I'm glad I'm training at Los Alamitos, because he looked like a 350 ardhorse coming out of the gate"; a reference to Quarter Horse racing sprint distances. Espinoza remarked, "I wanted to let him enjoy his race," later adding, "I wanted to see if he
ould Ould is an English surname and an Arabic name ( ar, ولد). In some Arabic dialects, particularly Hassaniya Arabic, ولد‎ (the patronymic, meaning "son of") is transliterated as Ould. Most Mauritanians have patronymic surnames. Notable p ...
go wire to wire ... that was the day I found out how much he loves to run." The San Felipe was California Chrome's first win in a race open to all three-year-olds, not just California-breds, and earned him 50 points in the
Road to the Kentucky Derby The Road to the Kentucky Derby is a points system by which horses qualify for a position in the starting gate for the Kentucky Derby. It features dozens of stakes races for 2 and 3-year-old Thoroughbreds – the number and specific races have chang ...
system. California Chrome's first
Grade I In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Irel ...
win was the
Santa Anita Derby The Santa Anita Derby is an American Grade 1 thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds run each April at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. It is currently run at a distance of miles on the dirt and carries a purse of $400,000. It is on ...
on April 8. California Chrome was at the front of the field by the quarter pole and went on to win the $1 million race by lengths. Prior to the race, his owners had turned down a $6 million offer for a 51% controlling interest in the colt that would have mandated putting the horse with a different trainer. Coburn later explained, "This isn't about the money, this is about the dream." California Chrome's time of 1:47.52 earned him a
Beyer Speed Figure The Beyer Speed Figure is a system for rating the performance of Thoroughbred racehorses in North America designed in the early 1970s by Andrew Beyer, the syndicated horse racing columnist for The Washington Post. First published in book form in 1 ...
of 107, the fastest for any horse in the Road to the Kentucky Derby's final prep races of 2014. It was also the second fastest time in the history of the Santa Anita Derby; the only horses to run faster were
Lucky Debonair Lucky Debonair (May 2, 1962 – July 10, 1987) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the 1965 Kentucky Derby. Background He was bred by owners Dan and Ada Rice of Wheaton, Illinois at their Danada Farm satellite operation ...
, Sham, and
Indian Charlie Indian Charlie (March 27, 1995 – December 15, 2011) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 1998 Grade 1 Santa Anita Derby, equaling the stakes record time, before finishing third in the Kentucky Derby in his final start. He is best ...
, who hold a three-way tie for the record at 1:47:00. The decisive win made him an early favorite to win the 2014 Kentucky Derby and raised speculation that he had the talent to win the
Triple Crown Triple Crown may refer to: Sports Horse racing * Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing * Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States) ** Triple Crown Trophy ** Triple Crown Productions * Canadian Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing * Trip ...
. California Chrome's four consecutive wins had a combined victory margin of lengths. After the Santa Anita Derby, Sherman began to describe the colt as "my Swaps". Of his growing popularity, Denise Martin commented, "He's not just our horse anymore; he's ...the people's horse."


Kentucky Derby

Prior to 2014, only three California-bred horses had won the Kentucky Derby:
Morvich Morvich (April 23, 1919 – January 26, 1946) was an American Thoroughbred who was the first California-bred racehorse to win the Kentucky Derby. Bred by sugar magnate Adolph B. Spreckels at his Napa Stock Farm, Morvich was sired by James R. ...
in 1922, Swaps in 1955, and
Decidedly Decidedly (March 3, 1959 – November 12, 1984) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who is best known for winning the 1962 Kentucky Derby. Background Decidedly was a gray horse bred in California by George Pope. His sire Determine from who ...
in 1962. Besides Swaps, other horses to win both the Santa Anita Derby and the Kentucky Derby were
I'll Have Another I'll Have Another (foaled April 1, 2009) is a champion American Thoroughbred horse racing, racehorse who won the 2012 Kentucky Derby and 2012 Preakness Stakes, Preakness Stakes. He was bred in Kentucky, owned by Canadian businessman J. Paul Re ...
(2012),
Sunday Silence Sunday Silence (March 25, 1986 – August 19, 2002) was an American-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In 1989, he won the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness Stakes but failed to complete the Triple Crown when he was defeated in the Belmont ...
(1989), Winning Colors (1988),
Affirmed Affirmed (February 21, 1975 – January 12, 2001) was a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who is the eleventh winner of the American Triple Crown. Affirmed was well known for his famous rivalry with Alydar, whom he met ten times, includi ...
(1978),
Majestic Prince Majestic Prince (March 19, 1966 – April 22, 1981) was a Thoroughbred racehorse. One of the leading North American horses of his generation, he won the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes in 1969. Background In September 1967, Majestic Prince ...
(1969),
Lucky Debonair Lucky Debonair (May 2, 1962 – July 10, 1987) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the 1965 Kentucky Derby. Background He was bred by owners Dan and Ada Rice of Wheaton, Illinois at their Danada Farm satellite operation ...
(1965), Determine (1954), and
Hill Gail Hill Gail (April 19, 1949 – May 27, 1968) was an American Thoroughbred horse racing, racehorse. One of the leading American two-year-olds of 1951, Hill Gail recorded his most important success the following spring when he won the 1952 Kentucky ...
(1952). Steve Coburn predicted a win: "I'm not being cocky, just positive", he said. Prior to the May 3 race, rival trainer
Bob Baffert Robert A. Baffert (born January 13, 1953) is an American racehorse trainer who trained the 2015 Triple Crown winner American Pharoah and 2018 Triple Crown winner Justify. Baffert's horses have won a record six Kentucky Derbies, seven Preakne ...
compared California Chrome favorably to
War Emblem War Emblem (February 20, 1999 – March 11, 2020) was a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 2002 Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes. Background War Emblem was bred by Charles Nuckols Jr. & Sons in Kentucky. His sire was O ...
. Trainer
D. Wayne Lukas Darrell Wayne Lukas (born September 2, 1935 in Antigo, Wisconsin) is an American horse trainer and a U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee. He has won twenty Breeders' Cup races, received five Eclipse Awards for his accomplishments, and his horses ha ...
, who had no entries in the 2014 Derby, told a reporter that he intended to
bet Black Entertainment Television (acronym BET) is an American basic cable channel targeting African-American audiences. It is owned by the CBS Entertainment Group unit of Paramount Global via BET Networks and has offices in New York City, Los A ...
on the horse and commented, "He's looked like the real deal ... I like everything about him." On the other hand,
Dallas Stewart Dallas Stewart (born September 15, 1959 in McComb, Mississippi) trains a string of thoroughbred horses in Kentucky from bases at Churchill Downs, Turfway Park, Keeneland Race Course, Fair Grounds Race Course, Arlington Park and Saratoga Race Cours ...
, trainer of rival Commanding Curve, dismissed California Chrome's chances due to his pedigree and the supposed lack of competition in his prior races. Others doubted his ability because the colt had never raced outside California. In contrast to the critics, reports surfaced that the owners had turned down a new offer of $10 million. The colt arrived at
Churchill Downs Churchill Downs is a horse racing complex located on Central Avenue in south Louisville, Kentucky, United States, famed for hosting the annual Kentucky Derby. It officially opened in 1875 and was named for Samuel Churchill, whose family was ...
in
Louisville, Kentucky Louisville ( , , ) is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and the 28th most-populous city in the United States. Louisville is the historical seat and, since 2003, the nominal seat of Jefferson County, on the Indiana border ...
, on April 28, 2014. He was flown in from California, his first time on a plane, and traveled quietly. Once the plane landed, however, his travel idiosyncrasy was discovered by the waiting press when he refused to be unloaded until he was turned around and backed down the ramp; Alan Sherman explained later that this was also his typical manner of egress from ground-based transportation. Upon arrival at Churchill Downs, the horses entered in the Kentucky Derby each were given a special saddle cloth to wear while exercising on the track, identifying them as Derby contenders and including their name. The one given to California Chrome contained a typographical error, with California misspelled as "Califorina". He wore it the first day and then the track management obtained one with the correct spelling. Critics commented that bringing the horse in late and not giving him a full workout on the track was a mistake, but Sherman's strategy was backed by Lukas. In the days leading up to the race, California Chrome galloped on the track, was walked in the saddling
paddock A paddock is a small enclosure for horses. In the United Kingdom, this term also applies to a field for a general automobile racing competition, particularly Formula 1. Description In Canada and the United States of America, a paddock is a small ...
, and schooled at the
starting gate A starting gate also called a starting barrier or starting stalls is a machine used to ensure a fair start to in horse racing and dog racing. History Throughout the history of horse racing, there have been proposals as to how better to start ...
. Willie Delgado later remarked that the horse did not particularly like that particular track, saying "he never actually felt comfortable on it." California Chrome's connections drew post position five for the Derby. He was the
morning line Glossary of North American horse racing: Additional glossaries at: *Glossary of Australian and New Zealand punting *Glossary of equestrian terms This is a basic glossary of equestrian terms that includes both technical terminology and jargon ...
favorite at
odds Odds provide a measure of the likelihood of a particular outcome. They are calculated as the ratio of the number of events that produce that outcome to the number that do not. Odds are commonly used in gambling and statistics. Odds also have ...
of 5–2. The press suggested that the number five spot, relatively close to the inside rail, could be a problem owing to the "speed horses" that would go to the front early in the race, surrounding him on both sides, especially if the colt was slow out of the gate. Espinoza countered by pointing out that he won the 2002 Kentucky Derby on War Emblem from the same post position. In the race, California Chrome had a clean start and could have taken the lead, but Espinoza kept him behind two speed horses and only moved him to the front at the final turn when other horses began to tire. In the homestretch, he opened up a lead of five lengths before Espinoza eased him the last 70 yards of the race, narrowing his winning margin to lengths. Sherman later explained that Espinoza slowing the colt down at the finish was "saving something for the next one", a reference to the Preakness Stakes to come two weeks later. The winning time of 2:03.66 was relatively slow for a Kentucky Derby, but Sherman described Espinoza's ride as "picture perfect". This win was Espinoza's second Derby victory, and 77-year-old Sherman became the oldest trainer to ever win the race. In a post-race press interview, Sherman said he had visited Swaps' grave at the Kentucky Derby Museum prior to the Derby and prayed for success. Trainer
Dale Romans Dale L. Romans (born August 14, 1966 in Louisville, Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse trainer, best known for winning the 2011 Preakness Stakes with Shackleford and the Breeders' Cup Turf with Little Mike. He also upset American Pha ...
, who had asserted that California Chrome had no chance to win, said, "I was very, very wrong ... We might have just seen a super horse and a super trainer. You don't fake your way to the winner's circle at the Kentucky Derby."


Preakness Stakes

California Chrome shipped on May 12 to
Baltimore Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the List of municipalities in Maryland, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, and List of United States cities by popula ...
to run in the 2014 Preakness Stakes on May 17. On the plane were the other two Derby competitors to enter the Preakness: Ride On Curlin and General a Rod. Once on the ground, their van had a police escort from the airport to
Pimlico Race Course Pimlico Race Course is a thoroughbred horse racetrack in Baltimore, Maryland, most famous for hosting the Preakness Stakes. Its name is derived from the 1660s when English settlers named the area where the facility currently stands in honor of Ol ...
. When California Chrome arrived at Pimlico, the management at that track welcomed him with two saddlecloths for his workouts, one with the "Califorina" misspelling and the other with the correct spelling; Just as at Churchill Downs, the colt exercised on the Pimlico track but had no timed workouts. Delgado compared the long and narrow Pimlico oval favorably to their home track at Los Alamitos. Sherman did not like having the horse race with only a two-week break, but was confident because California Chrome had gained back weight he had lost running the Derby, plus another . News stories continued to question the colt's ability, noting the relatively slow pace of the Derby and the low Beyer Speed Figure of 97 earned in his win. One trainer said, "California Chrome has to prove again he's the best 3-year-old." The horse was assigned the number three post position in a field of ten horses, and was the morning line odds-on favorite at 3–5. Followers noted that
Secretariat Secretariat may refer to: * Secretariat (administrative office) * Secretariat (horse) Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989), also known as Big Red, was a champion American thoroughbred horse racing, racehorse who is the ninth winne ...
had also run the
1973 Preakness Stakes The 1973 Preakness Stakes was the 98th running of the Preakness Stakes at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland held on May 19, 1973. Six horses entered, and Secretariat won by lengths ahead of Sham in front of a record crowd of 61,657 spe ...
from the number three post. The Thursday before the race, California Chrome was observed coughing after his morning gallop, prompting speculation about his health. He had a small blister in his throat, which he also had prior to the Kentucky Derby, both times treated with a glycerine throat wash. The intense press attention paid to the relatively minor issue was dismissively dubbed " throat-gate" by sportswriter
Bill Dwyre Bill Dwyre (born April 7, 1944, in Sheboygan, Wisconsin) is a sportswriter and former newspaper sports editor. Notable for his long tenure as sports editor of the ''Los Angeles Times'' beginning in June 1981, he moved to the writing ranks full-tim ...
of the ''
Los Angeles Times The ''Los Angeles Times'' (abbreviated as ''LA Times'') is a daily newspaper that started publishing in Los Angeles in 1881. Based in the LA-adjacent suburb of El Segundo since 2018, it is the sixth-largest newspaper by circulation in the Un ...
''. On race day, California Chrome made a clean start, was close to the front through the backstretch, made his bid for the lead at the far turn, and was first by the top of the stretch. The second-place finisher was Ride on Curlin, who made a strong move late in the race to finish lengths behind California Chrome. Both held off a challenge from Social Inclusion, who tired and finished third. General a Rod was fourth. The winning time was 1:54:84, earning a Beyer Speed Figure of 105. Social Inclusion's owner, Ron Sanchez, said, "He's the real deal ... My horse came to challenge him, but he found another engine. He was gone." Espinoza's ride was described as "flawless", and the press noted the special affinity between the horse and jockey. California Chrome became the only California-bred horse ever to win both the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness. The press considered the Preakness to be the horse's strongest victory to date. Baffert, who had won the first two legs of the Triple Crown with
Silver Charm Silver Charm (foaled February 22, 1994) is a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 1997 Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes and 1998 Dubai World Cup (all of which he is the oldest surviving winner). He stood at stud in both Americ ...
(1997),
Real Quiet Real Quiet (March 7, 1995 – September 27, 2010) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse. He was nicknamed "The Fish" by his trainer due to his narrow frame. He is best remembered for winning the first two legs of American Triple ...
(1998), and War Emblem (2002), sent three different horses against California Chrome, and after
Bayern Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...
had finished second to last in the Preakness, said, "I'm done chasing him," adding, "he's super the real deal." In post-race interviews, Coburn stated that California Chrome had become "America's Horse".


Belmont Stakes

The day after the Preakness, a new round of minor press excitement, dubbed "nasalgate", erupted when Sherman commented that Martin might not let California Chrome run in the
Belmont Stakes The Belmont Stakes is an American Grade I stakes race for three-year-old Thoroughbreds run at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York. It is run over 1.5 miles (2,400 m). Colts and geldings carry a weight of ; fillies carry . The race, nicknamed Th ...
if the
New York Racing Association The New York Racing Association, Inc. (NYRA) is the not-for-profit corporation that operates the three largest Thoroughbred horse racing tracks in the state of New York, United States: Aqueduct Racetrack in South Ozone Park, Queens; Belmont Park ...
(NYRA) did not allow the horse to wear a
nasal strip A nasal strip, external nasal dilator strip or nasal dilator strip is a type of adhesive bandage with embedded plastic ribs or splints that is applied across the bridge of the nose and sides of the nostrils, to assist in keeping the airway open. ...
as he had in his previous six races. Nasal strips are not considered performance-enhancing, but may reduce airway resistance, lower the risk of
exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH), also known as "bleeding" or a "bleeding attack", refers to the presence of blood in the airways of the lung in association with exercise. EIPH is common in horses undertaking intense exercise, but it h ...
(EIPH), and aid post-race recovery. Sherman submitted a formal request for permission to use them, and the following day, the NYRA approved their use for all horses on New York tracks, thus resolving the matter. California Chrome shipped to New York on May 20 in a
semi-trailer A semi-trailer is a trailer without a front axle. In the United States, the term is also used to refer to the combination of a truck and a semi-trailer; a tractor-trailer. A large proportion of a semi-trailer's weight is supported by a tracto ...
horse van together with Ride On Curlin. They had a police escort through New York City from the
Throgs Neck Bridge The Throgs Neck Bridge is a suspension bridge in New York City, carrying six lanes of Interstate 295 (New York), Interstate 295 (I-295) over the East River where it meets the Long Island Sound. The bridge connects the Throggs Neck section of t ...
to
Belmont Park Belmont Park is a major thoroughbred horse racing facility in the northeastern United States, located in Elmont, New York, just east of the New York City limits. It was opened on May 4, 1905. It is operated by the non-profit New York Racin ...
. The press reported that Art Sherman believed the misspelled saddle cloths at the Derby and Preakness were a good luck charm, and that he specifically asked Belmont Park for another misspelled cloth along with a properly spelled version. The first week California Chrome spent at the Belmont track was generally uneventful, other than galloping past an
opossum Opossums () are members of the marsupial order Didelphimorphia () endemic to the Americas. The largest order of marsupials in the Western Hemisphere, it comprises 93 species in 18 genera. Opossums originated in South America and entered North ...
that wandered onto the track the morning of May 23. The horse paid little attention to it, but the press pounced on the story; the animal was labeled "Dumb-Ass Possum", and someone created a
Twitter Twitter is an online social media and social networking service owned and operated by American company Twitter, Inc., on which users post and interact with 280-character-long messages known as "tweets". Registered users can post, like, and ...
account for the creature. Delgado commented, "I can tell you he loves this track, and I don't see him (having) any problem getting a mile and a half." On May 31, Espinoza arrived to give the colt a short workout known as a "
breeze Breeze often refers to: * A gentle to moderate wind * Sea breeze, an onshore afternoon wind, caused by warm air rising over the land in sunny weather Breeze or The Breeze may also refer to: * Breeze block a concrete masonry unit made from recovere ...
". Horse and jockey were greeted by a large contingent of fans and press at about 6:30 a.m., and ran a "sharp" half-mile () officially clocked at 47.69 seconds. A clocker for the ''
Daily Racing Form The ''Daily Racing Form'' (DRF) (referred to as the ''Racing Form'' or "Form" and sometimes "telegraph" or "telly") is a tabloid newspaper founded in 1894 in Chicago, Illinois, by Frank Brunell. The paper publishes the past performances of race ...
'' stated, "He's going to be tough to beat. I think we're going to have a Triple Crown winner." Eleven horses entered the Belmont Stakes on June 7, and California Chrome drew post position 2, the same post position as Secretariat in the 1973 Belmont. Ride On Curlin and General a Rod also entered; they were the only other horses besides California Chrome to contest all three legs of the Triple Crown. Four entries had run in Kentucky Derby but skipped the Preakness, and there were four "New Shooters" who had not run in either of the previous Triple Crown races, including
Tonalist Tonalist (foaled February 11, 2011) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the 2014 Belmont Stakes, beating the favored California Chrome, who was attempting to win the Triple Crown. Tonalist won the Peter Pan Stakes in ...
and Matterhorn, who each wound up playing a major role in the race. Anticipating the possibility of a Triple Crown champion, several people connected to the last three Triple Crown winners came to the Belmont, including 92-year-old
Penny Chenery Helen Bates "Penny" Chenery (January 27, 1922 – September 16, 2017) (married names: Penny Tweedy until 1974 and later Penny Ringquist until 1980) was an American sportswoman who bred and owned Secretariat, the 1973 winner of the Triple Crown. T ...
, owner of Secretariat; Patrice Wolfson, who co-owned
Affirmed Affirmed (February 21, 1975 – January 12, 2001) was a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who is the eleventh winner of the American Triple Crown. Affirmed was well known for his famous rivalry with Alydar, whom he met ten times, includi ...
; and some of
Seattle Slew Seattle Slew (February 15, 1974 – May 7, 2002) was a champion American Thoroughbred horse racing, racehorse who became the tenth winner of the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States), American Triple Crown (1977). He is one of only ...
's connections—trainer
Billy Turner William H. Turner Jr. (February 29, 1940 – December 31, 2021) was an American Thoroughbred flat racing trainer best known for winning the United States Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing in 1977 with Seattle Slew. Turner maintained a public ...
and co-owner Jim Hill. The jockeys of the three past Triple Crown winners,
Steve Cauthen Steve Cauthen (born May 1, 1960) is a retired American jockey. In 1977 he became the first jockey to win over $6 million in a year working with agent Lenny Goodman, and in 1978 he became the youngest jockey to win the U. S. ...
,
Jean Cruguet Jean Cruguet (born March 8, 1939 in Agen, Lot-et-Garonne, France) is a retired French-American thoroughbred horse racing jockey who won the United States Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing. At age five, Cruguet was placed in an orphanage after h ...
, and
Ron Turcotte Ronald Joseph Morel "Ronnie" Turcotte, (born July 22, 1941) is a retired Canadian thoroughbred race horse jockey best known as the rider of Secretariat, winner of the U.S. Triple Crown in 1973. Career Turcotte began his career in Toronto as a h ...
, also attended. Cauthen, jockey of Affirmed, stated, "This horse has got a great chance of pulling it off," but added, "you never know, that's why they have to run the race." On race day California Chrome did not break boldly. Espinoza later explained something felt "off" and he held the horse back a bit instead of going to the lead. When asked to move to the front, the horse did not unleash his usual burst of speed. Immediately following the race, Espinoza said "He was just a little bit empty today". Tonalist won the race, and California Chrome finished fourth in a
dead heat A dead heat is a rare situation in various racing sports in which the performances of competitors are judged to be so close that no difference between them can be resolved. The result is declared a tie and the competitors are awarded a joint ra ...
with
Wicked Strong Wicked Strong (foaled April 28, 2011 in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse. He established himself as a contender for the 2014 Kentucky Derby with a win in the Wood Memorial Stakes. He finished fourth in both the Kentucky Derby and t ...
. Initial post-race analysts criticized Espinoza for not taking the horse to the front early on, but noticed that California Chrome had had some blood on his right front heel. After the race, review of photos taken at the start showed that the horse next to him, Matterhorn, moved too far to the left and stepped on California Chrome's heel as both horses broke from the gate. As a result, California Chrome had run the race with a "chunk" of tissue taken out of his right front heel and a small cut on his tendon. The tendon injury was superficial, but the heel injury may have been a factor in his loss. Sherman explained that he knew that something was not right when he saw the horse throw his head up in the homestretch, and speculated later that the sand and dirt of the racetrack caused pain in the open wound. The following day, Sherman assured the press that both injuries would heal. Coburn generated controversy after the race, when he said the current Triple Crown system allowed "the coward's way out" because fresh horses who had not run in the Kentucky Derby or Preakness Stakes could challenge horses who contested all three legs. Sherman downplayed the outburst, saying, " oburnwas at the heat of the moment ... Sometimes the emotions get in front of you." Two days later, Coburn apologized, saying he wanted to congratulate the owners of Tonalist and adding, "I wanted so much for alifornia Chrometo win the Triple Crown for the people of America." Steve Haskin of ''
Blood-Horse ''BloodHorse'' is a multimedia news organization covering Thoroughbred racing and breeding that started with a newsletter first published in 1916 as a monthly bulletin put out by the Thoroughbred Horse Association.
'' magazine summarized the race stating, "when I think back ... the one image that will last forever will be of an exhausted colt walking back through the tunnel with a bloodstained foot, his head down and breathing hard, and every vein protruding from his sweat-soaked body. He had given every ounce of himself, and with it all, still was beaten only lengths." California Chrome returned to Los Alamitos, where Sherman's crew treated the wound for about 10 days. After that, they sent California Chrome to Harris Farms where he was turned out on
pasture Pasture (from the Latin ''pastus'', past participle of ''pascere'', "to feed") is land used for grazing. Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed tracts of farmland, grazed by domesticated livestock, such as horses, cattle, sheep, or swine ...
. By early July, his foot was fully healed, he had gained weight, and Sherman was pleased enough with his recovery that he brought the colt back to Los Alamitos to resume training on July 17, two weeks earlier than anticipated.


Remainder of 2014 season

California Chrome was the top-ranked three-year-old in the nation by the NTRA in its post-race poll of June 9, 2014, in spite of his Belmont loss, and was fifth-ranked among American horses of all ages. In the June 12 World's Best Racehorse Rankings, published by the
International Federation of Horseracing Authorities The Longines World's Best Racehorse Rankings (LWBRR), known as World Thoroughbred Racehorse Rankings (WTRR) before 2012, are horseracing's equivalent to World Rankings by other major sporting organizations such as ATP Tennis Rankings, World Golf R ...
, he was ranked fifth in the world, one point behind the only American-based horse rated higher,
Santa Anita Handicap The Santa Anita Handicap is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually in early March at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. It is a Grade I race for horses four years old and up and was once considered the most important race for old ...
winner
Game On Dude Game On Dude (foaled April 26, 2007 in Kentucky) is a retired American Thoroughbred racehorse gelding. He won fourteen graded stakes races, including eight Grade I stakes: the Santa Anita Handicap in 2011, 2013, and 2014 the only horse to have wo ...
, who was tied for third. California Chrome raced next in the September 20
Pennsylvania Derby The Pennsylvania Derby is a race for thoroughbred horses run at Parx Racing and Casino (formerly known as Keystone Race Track, then from 1986 through 2010 as Philadelphia Park) each year. The track's premiere event is open to horses, age three, ...
at
Parx Racing Parx Casino and Racing (formerly Philadelphia Park Racetrack and Casino) is a thoroughbred horse racing venue and the largest casino gaming complex in Pennsylvania. Parx is located in Bensalem Township in Bucks County, northeast of the city of ...
. He was the favorite, but drew the inside number 1 post position. Kentucky Derby rivals Candy Boy and Tapiture also entered.
Bayern Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...
, who had a poor performance in the Preakness Stakes but later won the
Haskell Invitational The Haskell Stakes is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds run over a distance of miles on the dirt held annually in July at Monmouth Park Racetrack in Oceanport, New Jersey. The event is a signature event at Monmouth P ...
, was the second favorite. Parx provided significant financial incentives to any horse entering who previously won a triple crown race or other selected Grade I races, so California Chrome's connections earned $200,000 simply for having him start. Trapped on the rail, first by a speed horse in the initial stages of the race, and again on the far turn by a challenger who faded in the stretch, California Chrome was unable to gain momentum and finished sixth. Bayern had a clean trip, leading wire to wire, and won by lengths. Espinoza explained, "I never really had a chance to let him run the way he had been running." The next race was the
Breeders' Cup Classic The Breeders' Cup Classic is a Grade I Weight for Age thoroughbred horse race for 3-year-olds and older run at a distance of on dirt. It is held annually at a different racetrack as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships in late October o ...
on November 1. Because many leading older horses retired in 2014, most of the main contenders for the 2014 Classic were the three year olds: in addition to California Chrome, former foes Bayern, Candy Boy and Tonalist entered. His chief rival was considered to be the then-undefeated
American Champion Two-Year-Old Colt The American Champion Two-Year-Old Male Horse is an American Thoroughbred horse racing honor awarded annually in Thoroughbred flat racing. It became part of the Eclipse Awards program in 1971. The award originated in 1936 when the ''Daily Racing F ...
,
Shared Belief Shared Belief (February 15, 2011 – December 3, 2015) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse. As a two-year-old, he was undefeated in three races, including the Hollywood Prevue Stakes and Los Alamitos Futurity, and was named the American Champ ...
, a
gelding A gelding is a castrated male horse or other equine, such as a pony, donkey or a mule. Castration, as well as the elimination of hormonally driven behavior associated with a stallion, allows a male equine to be calmer and better-behaved, makin ...
who missed the Triple Crown series due to hoof problems; the two had never faced each other. California Chrome was 4-1 on the morning line, second favorite to Shared Belief. In the race, Bayern bumped into Shared Belief at the start, then took the lead for the duration of the race. California Chrome was clear of traffic, maintained third place for most of the race, was closing at the end, and finished a very close third, only a neck behind winner Bayern, who won by a
nose A nose is a protuberance in vertebrates that houses the nostrils, or nares, which receive and expel air for respiration alongside the mouth. Behind the nose are the olfactory mucosa and the sinuses. Behind the nasal cavity, air next passes th ...
over second-place finisher Toast of New York. Shared Belief was fourth. Post race analysis noted that California Chrome stayed on the outside throughout the race, and actually ran 44 feet farther than the winner. Sherman spoke in positive terms of the horse's finish, stating, "My horse ran his eyeballs out. He was right there, right down to the money. I thought it was a great effort. He came back strong." Espinoza was less enthusiastic: "On the backstretch I thought I had a chance to win... The last sixteenth alifornia Chromewas digging as hard as he could, but getting just a little tired. I wish he had one more race. It was a little too much for him today." Coburn visited the colt the following day and stated, "He was full of himself. I think he thought he won. And if the race had been just a little bit longer, I believe he would have." Later in the month California Chrome shipped to Del Mar, and following workouts on the turf course Sherman entered him in the
Hollywood Derby The Hollywood Derby is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race held annually in late November/early December. Now held at Del Mar racetrack in San Diego, California, until 2014 it was held at Hollywood Park Racetrack in Inglewood, California. ...
on November 29. It was his first start on a grass race track. Sherman believed that California Chrome would do well running on grass, and it also would open up a variety of potential races to enter in 2015. He was the morning line favorite, with his toughest competitor viewed as Lexie Lou, a filly who defeated colts to win Canada's equivalent of the Kentucky Derby, the
Queen's Plate The King's Plate (known as the Queen's Plate between 1860 to 1901 and 1952 to 2022) is Canada's oldest Thoroughbred horse race, having been founded in 1860. It is also the oldest continuously run race in North America. It is run at a distance of ...
. California Chrome won by two lengths, and the Canadian filly was second. With the win, California Chrome earned four Grade I races for the year and was the only horse in the United States to have Grade I wins in 2014 on both dirt and turf tracks. Espinoza summed up the race by saying, "he's back."


2015: Four-year-old season

California Chrome had a tumultuous four-year-old season. The horse began 2015 at Santa Anita in the San Antonio Stakes on February 7, a return matchup with Shared Belief, whose traffic problems in the Classic prevented a true match against California Chrome. Art Sherman and Shared Belief's trainer,
Jerry Hollendorfer Jerry Hollendorfer (born June 18, 1946, in Akron, Ohio) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse Horse trainer, trainer whose notable horses include Eclipse Award winners Blind Luck, Shared Belief and Songbird (horse), Songbird. He has the most wins ...
, were longtime friends and rivals from the Northern California racing circuit, and each anticipated the rivalry between their two horses. Sherman said, "I just want both of us to be at the head of the stretch with no excuses and then it's who gets to the wire first." Shared Belief went off as the favorite, and although California Chrome took the lead by the pole, Shared Belief edged him in the final sixteenth and won, with California Chrome second by a length and a half. California Chrome next shipped to Meydan Racecourse for the
Dubai World Cup The Dubai World Cup (Arabic: كأس دبي العالمي) is a Thoroughbred horse race held annually since 1996 and contested at the Meydan Racecourse (Arabic: ميدان) which in Arabic suggests a place wher ...
on March 28, where he needed to run at night, under artificial lighting, and without Lasix. He went off as the favorite but finished second to the Irish-bred longshot Prince Bishop, owned by
Hamdan bin Mohammed Al Maktoum Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum (; born 14 November 1982) has been Crown Prince of Dubai since 2008. He previously served as Deputy Ruler of Dubai from 2006 to 2008. He is popularly known as Fazza ( ar, فزاع), the name under ...
of
Godolphin Racing Godolphin (Arabic: جودلفين) is the Maktoum family's private Thoroughbred horseracing stable and was named in honour of the Godolphin Arabian, who came from the desert to become one of the three founding stallions of the modern Thoroug ...
. Sherman noted that his horse ran wide on the turns but said, "He tried every inch of the way. There's nothing wrong with finishing second in this type of a race." After the Dubai World Cup, California Chrome was shipped to Rae Guest's Newmarket stables in England to prepare for
Royal Ascot Ascot Racecourse ("ascot" pronounced , often pronounced ) is a dual-purpose British racecourse, located in Ascot, Berkshire, England, which is used for thoroughbred horse racing. It hosts 13 of Britain's 36 annual Flat Group 1 horse races and ...
week in June. The decision to go to England was made by Perry Martin, against the wishes of both Coburn and Sherman. Martin explained, "I was trying to think in terms of what's best for the horse. It was my decision to send him to Newmarket. It's a beautiful place, with trees and pastures for gallops...It's good for his mind. I know Art didn't take the decision well. But he'll be okay." The horse's exercise rider in England, Robbie Mills, who was acquainted with the Shermans and advised them to stable the horse with Guest, stated that California Chrome was making a good transition from the flat dirt tracks of the United States to the undulating turf gallops of England. The horse was pointed to the
Prince of Wales's Stakes The Prince of Wales's Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged four years or older. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 1 mile 1 furlong and 212 yards (2,004 met ...
at Royal Ascot, with European jockey
William Buick William Buick (born 22 July 1988) is a Norwegian-British flat jockey. He shared the champion apprentice jockey title in 2008 with David Probert and won the Lester Award for Apprentice Jockey of the Year in 2007 and 2008. From 2010 to 2014 he w ...
, who rode Prince Bishop in Dubai, tapped to ride. The day before the race, the horse was scratched because of a bruised hoof that was draining pus. Guest stated, "He's been X-rayed and there's no damage." Martin wanted to run him in Chicago's
Arlington Million The Arlington Million is a Grade 1 flat horse race in the United States for thoroughbred horses aged three years and upward on the turf. It was originally raced at the now-closed Arlington Park in Arlington Heights, Illinois over a distance of m ...
in August, and the requirements of
quarantine A quarantine is a restriction on the movement of people, animals and goods which is intended to prevent the spread of disease or pests. It is often used in connection to disease and illness, preventing the movement of those who may have been ...
upon his return to the United States combined with the setback to his training foreclosed any other UK start. Upon California Chrome's return to the US in early July, a veterinary
radiograph Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation to view the internal form of an object. Applications of radiography include medical radiography ("diagnostic" and "therapeut ...
revealed that he had bruising on his cannon bones that would require at least three months to heal, effectively ending his four-year-old season. The veterinarians at
Rood & Riddle Equine Hospital Rood & Riddle Equine Hospital was established in Lexington, Kentucky in 1986 as a partnership between veterinarians William Rood and Thomas Riddle. The facility offers a range of services for the treatment of horses. They have cared for many famous ...
in Kentucky explained, "California Chrome's x-rays showed all of his joints to be remarkably clean. He has the early signs of bruising to the bottom of the cannon bones ...The return rate for horses with this problem is very high ...we found that recovery rate was 95% after giving time in the paddock to heal." Martin originally intended for California Chrome to be retired to stud at the end of the year. But on July 15, the racing press reported that Steve Coburn sold his 30% interest in the horse to
Taylor Made Farm Taylor Made Farm is a 1,600-acre Thoroughbred racehorse breeding farm in Jessamine County, Kentucky, and is a leading consignor of Thoroughbred horses. The farm is owned and operated by four brothers, Duncan, Ben, Frank and Mark Taylor with thei ...
of
Nicholasville, Kentucky Nicholasville is a home rule city in and the county seat of Jessamine County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 31,490 during the 2020 U.S. Census, making Nicholasville the 10th-largest settlement in the state. Since the late 20th ce ...
, and that the abrupt end to the 2015 season opened the door to racing the horse for an additional year. Duncan Taylor of Taylor Made Farms said, "You won't find many horses of his quality that made 18 starts in 23 months. He's just now getting his first break from training." On July 19, Art Sherman announced that after California Chrome had
paddock A paddock is a small enclosure for horses. In the United Kingdom, this term also applies to a field for a general automobile racing competition, particularly Formula 1. Description In Canada and the United States of America, a paddock is a small ...
rest at Taylor Made Farm, the horse would ship back to Sherman's and prepare to race in 2016. On October 13, California Chrome returned to Sherman's barn. He finished the year being named Champion California-bred Older Male.


2016: Five-year-old season and Dubai World Cup

Martin's plans for the horse in 2016 included a return to the Dubai World Cup, and ultimately another try at the Breeders' Cup Classic. Sherman's barn had a new exercise rider for the horse, Dihigi Gladney, a former
bull rider Bull riding is a rodeo sport that involves a rider getting on a bucking bull and attempting to stay mounted while the animal tries to buck off the rider. American bull riding has been called "the most dangerous eight seconds in sports." To recei ...
and ex-jockey who grew up in
Watts Watts is plural for ''watt'', the unit of power. Watts may also refer to: People *Watts (surname), list of people with the surname Watts Fictional characters *Watts, main character in the film '' Some Kind of Wonderful'' *Watts family, six chara ...
, who also runs a
pony ride A pony ride is an opportunity for children to ride real ponies for a short time, usually seen at fairs, guest ranches, zoos, summer camps, private children's parties and similar places. Children on pony rides do not handle the pony themsel ...
concession at Santa Anita. The purple and green DAP silks were replaced with a new silver-gray design representing the California Chrome, LLC partnership that now owned the horse. Martin stated that his goal for California Chrome was to become the leading money-winning horse of all time. California Chrome's 2016 season began with the San Pasqual Stakes on January 9. He faced a seven-horse field that included a former rival from the Derby trail, Hoppertunity, and older foes Imperative and Hard Aces.
Stalking Stalking is unwanted and/or repeated surveillance by an individual or group toward another person. Stalking behaviors are interrelated to harassment and intimidation and may include following the victim in person or monitoring them. The ter ...
the front runner until the final turn, he took the lead in the homestretch and won by lengths. Sherman said of his modest margin of victory, "He could've opened up turning for home, but Victor put the
full nelson A nelson hold is a grappling hold which is executed by one person from behind the opponent, generally when both are on the mat face down with the opponent under the aggressor. One or both arms are used to encircle the opponent's arm under the armpi ...
on him. It was just what we needed." Espinoza, back on California Chrome after winning the
Triple Crown Triple Crown may refer to: Sports Horse racing * Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing * Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States) ** Triple Crown Trophy ** Triple Crown Productions * Canadian Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing * Trip ...
with
American Pharoah American Pharoah (foaled February 2, 2012) is a Thoroughbred racehorse who won the American Triple Crown and the Breeders' Cup Classic in 2015. He was the 12th Triple Crown winner in history, and in winning all four races, became the first ho ...
, said, "He's one of the best horses I've ever been on. I am so proud of him. American Pharoah and California Chrome are too hard to compare, so I won't." The win boosted his lifetime earnings to $6,442,650, breaking the previous record held by
Tiznow Tiznow (foaled March 12, 1997 in California) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for his wins in the Breeders' Cup Classic in 2000 and 2001, becoming the only horse to win this race twice. He was the 2000 American Horse of the Year an ...
as the highest-earning California-bred racehorse in history. He shipped to Dubai shortly after the San Pasqual to acclimate to the area, the same tactic used by the trainers of
Curlin Curlin (foaled March 25, 2004, in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred horse racing, racehorse who was the American Horse of the Year in both 2007 and 2008. He retired in 2008 as the highest North American money earner with over US$10.5  ...
. He was entered into a handicap race on February 25, where he drew the number one post position and was assigned a career-high weight of , an impost more than any other horse in the eight-horse field. Alan Sherman, who accompanied the horse to Dubai and conditioned him there, was unconcerned, noting that Gladney weighed . He handily won by two lengths. Entering the 2016 Dubai World Cup, California Chrome had the number 11 post position in an international field of 12. He faced both old American rivals in Hoppertunity and Candy Boy as well as three younger horses who had challenged American Pharoah the previous year: Keen Ice,
Frosted Frosted (stylised as FroSTed) was an American pop punk band, founded by ex-Go-Go's guitarist and singer Jane Wiedlin in 1995. The band was so-named because ''"it sounds sweet"''.''The Daily Aztec''link) The letters S and T were capitalised in tr ...
, and Mubtaahij. He also was again required to run without Lasix. The horse stayed wide and had a clear trip the entire race, took the lead out and won by lengths. The race developed added drama when Espinoza's saddle began to slip backwards in the homestretch. After the race he said, "I just kept looking forward and thinking 'where's the wire? It was not coming fast enough." The purse money for the victory put him past Curlin as the all-time leading North American horse in earnings won. Upon his return to the United States, California Chrome was turned out for a month at Taylor Made Farm, then resumed training with Sherman. On July 23, the horse was entered in the
San Diego Handicap The San Diego Handicap is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually in late July/early August at Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California. This Grade II race is open to horses, age three and up, willing to race one and one-sixteenth miles o ...
where he faced
Dortmund Dortmund (; Westphalian nds, Düörpm ; la, Tremonia) is the third-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia after Cologne and Düsseldorf, and the eighth-largest city of Germany, with a population of 588,250 inhabitants as of 2021. It is the la ...
, who had finished third in the 2015 Kentucky Derby to American Pharoah. California Chrome tracked behind Dortmund until the far turn, then moved to the front. Dortmund fought back and the two dueled down the stretch, with California Chrome prevailing by half a length while carrying five pounds more than Dortmund. A month later, California Chrome challenged an all-star field in the
Pacific Classic The Pacific Classic Stakes is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds and older over a distance of one and one quarter miles on the dirt track scheduled annually in August at Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California. The ev ...
, which included a rematch with Dortmund as well as long-time rival Hoppertunity. Most notably, Chrome met the champion mare Beholder for the first time. Beholder, third favorite on the morning line, had won the previous year in her debut against male horses, the only female horse to have ever won that race. California Chrome got the number one post position in the nine-horse field, viewed as an unfavorable draw because, other than his prep race win at
Meydan Racecourse Meydan Racecourse is a racecourse in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The grandstand is over a mile in length, and can accommodate over 60,000 spectators. Meydan opened on 27 March 2010, replacing Nad Al Sheba Racecourse, which formerly occupi ...
, he previously did poorly on the rail. The post position turned out not to be a problem, as the horse broke cleanly and quickly went to the lead, led throughout the entire race, and only Beholder kept close to him until the mile pole, at which point he pulled ahead of the field and won by five lengths. Espinoza kept a relatively firm hold on the horse throughout the race, and Beholder's rider, Gary Stevens, commented, "Victor was playing with us. I don't think he really let him run. That's scary to think about." In similar form, he again was challenged by Dortmund in the
Awesome Again Stakes The Awesome Again Stakes is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race for horses aged three years old or older over the distance of one and one-eighth miles on the dirt scheduled annually in September at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. ...
on October 1. The two horses at one point outdistanced the rest of the field by 12 lengths, but California Chrome led throughout and won by lengths. Art Sherman commented, "You're looking at maybe the best horse in the world right now." On November 5, California Chrome entered the Breeders' Cup Classic as a strong favorite over
Travers Stakes The Travers Stakes is an American Grade I Thoroughbred horse race held at Saratoga Race Course in Saratoga Springs, New York. It is nicknamed the "Mid-Summer Derby" and is the third-ranked race for American three-year-olds according to internation ...
winner Arrogate. Chrome led from the outset, tracked by Arrogate. The two horses engaged in the homestretch and in the final yards, Arrogate surged ahead to defeat California Chrome by a neck at the finish. The two horses dominated the remainder of the field by over 10 lengths. Critics of the race and Espinoza himself speculated that the loss was because Espinoza had failed to make his move and establish a large enough lead earlier in the race. Sherman also wondered if Espinoza could have opened up a bigger lead, but he was unsure if it would have mattered: "That winner is the real McCoy, I knew he was the one we had to beat, but I didn't know how good he was," he said. While the horse came out of the race in good shape, the press asked Raul Rodriquez if the horse "knew" that he had lost the race, and the groom replied, "oh yeah." Post race analysis gave California Chrome a Beyer Speed Figure of 119, the highest of his career, topped by 120 for Arrogate. His final race of 2016 was the Winter Challenge Stakes at Los Alamitos, the only time the horse had ever run at the track that had been his home training base. In a race of a mile and a sixteenth against light competition, where he was as much as 6 horses wide, he won easily by 12 lengths and set a track record.


2017 and retirement

The final race of California Chrome's career was the
Pegasus World Cup The Pegasus World Cup Invitational Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race whose first running was on January 28, 2017 at Gulfstream Park in Hallandale Beach, Florida. It is run over the dirt at the distance of miles (9 furlongs) and is o ...
in Florida on January 28, 2017. He drew the far outside post and ran a surprisingly poor race, was eased in the stretch, and finished ninth, well behind the winner,
Arrogate Arrogate (April 11, 2013June 2, 2020) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 2016 Travers Stakes in a track record time in his first stakes appearance. He then won the Breeders' Cup Classic and was named the American Champion Three- ...
. Arrogate's jockey, Mike Smith, commented, "Chrome just didn't fire his race today at all." Sherman commented "This was the first bad race he has run for me." The horse had fluid on his right knee after the race, and although the injury did not appear serious, Sherman theorized about the cause: "It looks like he scrambled away from there and couldn't get his footing." Arrogate's trainer, Bob Baffert, was also disappointed: "I kept waiting for the matchup with Chrome, but he just didn't bring his race today. It's too bad." Post-race radiographs showed no bone injury, but California Chrome was mildly lame. Frank Taylor explained, "We don't know if he just wrenched it or strained it, but it had a little filling, fluid and heat in it." An equine chiropractor got a small "pop" when he stretched out the horse's leg. Clinical signs of injury went down, he shipped to Taylor Made Farm the next day, and soon was allowed to go out and exercise in a
paddock A paddock is a small enclosure for horses. In the United Kingdom, this term also applies to a field for a general automobile racing competition, particularly Formula 1. Description In Canada and the United States of America, a paddock is a small ...
.


Retirement and breeding career

Although the Pegasus World Cup was only three weeks prior to the start of the Thoroughbred industry's breeding season, Taylor Made began standing California Chrome at stud for the 2017 season. His initial
stud fee A stud animal is a registered animal retained for breeding. The terms for the male of a given animal species (stallion, bull, rooster, etc.) usually imply that the animal is intact—that is, not castrated—and therefore capable of siring offspr ...
was set at $40,000, making him the co-second-highest-priced new stallion for the 2017. The knee injury was not viewed as a problem, and he was scheduled to begin breeding mares soon after arriving at the farm, starting about February 14. Mark Taylor quipped, "He's going to have like two weeks to go from the playing field to the penthouse." His book included nine mares purchased by California Chrome LLC, as well as Champagne Royale, the dam of two Grade I winners, including California Chrome's Kentucky Derby rival, Danza. In March 2017, Taylor Made announced that they had brokered with Sullivan Bloodstock and arranged for California Chrome to shuttle for part of the year, to stand at stud in Chile at the Sumaya Stud, owned by Oussama Aboughazale, who also owns an American horse farm on the former Belvedere Farm property by
Paris, Kentucky Paris is a home rule-class city in Bourbon County, Kentucky. It lies northeast of Lexington on the Stoner Fork of the Licking River. Paris is the seat of its county and forms part of the Lexington–Fayette Metropolitan Statistical Area. As ...
. The horse shipped each July to Chile for the southern hemisphere's horse breeding season, then return to the US. Staff from Taylor Made travel with the horse and remain with him in Chile while he is there. California Chrome's first reported foal, a colt out of the mare Pay the Man, was foaled on January 20, 2018. By 2019, he had bred a total of 473 mares and his first crop of yearlings sold at auction, the highest-priced selling for $325,000. In November 2019, Taylor Made announced the 50-member California Chrome syndicate agreed to sell California Chrome to the JS Company of Japan to stand the horse at the Arrow Stud in
Hokkaido is Japan's second largest island and comprises the largest and northernmost prefecture, making up its own region. The Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaidō from Honshu; the two islands are connected by the undersea railway Seikan Tunnel. The la ...
. The Syndicate retained a
right of first refusal Right of first refusal (ROFR or RFR) is a contractual right that gives its holder the option to enter a business transaction with the owner of something, according to specified terms, before the owner is entitled to enter into that transaction ...
and a provision that when the horse retires from stud, he will return to the US and live out the remainder of his life at Taylor Made. The Martins also intend to remain involved. Referencing another American racehorse that had a substantial impact on the Thoroughbred industry after selling to Japan, Duncan Taylor stated, "I'm hoping he's the next
Sunday Silence Sunday Silence (March 25, 1986 – August 19, 2002) was an American-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In 1989, he won the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness Stakes but failed to complete the Triple Crown when he was defeated in the Belmont ...
." On July 18, 2020, California Chrome was represented by his first winner, Sunkar Time, in Russia. His first North American winner was a filly named Cilla, who won at Delaware Park on August 13, 2020 in her second start. That same year, she placed third in the
Frizette Stakes The Frizette Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race for two-year-old fillies raced annually at Belmont Park in October. It is currently a Grade I stakes race at a distance of one mile. The Frizette is the female counterpart of the Champag ...
. Cilla also became California Chrome's first black-type stakes winner when she won the 2021 Louisiana Legends Mademoiselle Stakes at
Evangeline Downs Evangeline Downs Racetrack & Casino is a racetrack in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana, just east of Opelousas. It is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming. With a one-mile oval track, the facility provides close to 1,000 horse stalls for Thoroughbred f ...
and later won the
Prioress Stakes The Prioress Stakes is an American Grade II Thoroughbred horse race held annually during the eight-week meet at Saratoga Race Course in Saratoga Springs, New York. Inaugurated in 1948 at Jamaica Racetrack, it was raced there through 1959 after wh ...
at
Saratoga Race Course Saratoga Race Course is a Thoroughbred horse racing track located on Union Avenue in Saratoga Springs, New York, United States. Opened in 1863, it is often considered to be the oldest major sporting venue of any kind in the country, but is actua ...
, becoming his first graded stakes winner. Cilla was voted the 2021 Louisiana-Bred Horse of the Year and Champion Three-Year-Old Filly in 2022. California Chrome also sired filly California Angel, winner of the 2021
Jessamine Stakes The Jessamine Stakes is a Grade II American thoroughbred horse race for two-year-old filles over a distance of miles on the turf held annually in early October at Keeneland Race Course in Lexington, Kentucky during the fall meeting. History ...
at
Keeneland Keeneland Association, Inc. is an equine business based in Lexington, Kentucky. It includes two distinct divisions: the Keeneland Race Course, a Thoroughbred racing facility, and Keeneland Sales, a horse auction complex. It is also known for it ...
, colt California Frolic, a winner of two black-type stakes at
Gulfstream Park Gulfstream Park, owned by The Stronach Group, is a Thoroughbred race track, casino and outdoor entertainment and shopping destination in Hallandale Beach, Florida. Thoroughbred horse racing occurs year-round, defined by three distinct race meets ...
, and colt Midnight Chrome, who finished third in the 2021
Remsen Stakes The Remsen Stakes is an American Grade II race for Thoroughbred horse race run annually near the end of November at Aqueduct Racetrack in Queens, New York. The one and one-eighths mile race is open to two-year-olds and currently offers a purse of ...
behind future Belmont Stakes winner
Mo Donegal Mo Donegal (foaled April 19, 2019) is a retired American Thoroughbred racehorse that won the 2022 Belmont Stakes horse race. The horse is owned by Donegal Racing and Repole Stable. Background Mo Donegal is named for his sire the champion horse ...
.


Awards and honors

California Chrome won many honors in 2014. A
concurrent resolution A concurrent resolution is a resolution (a legislative measure) adopted by both houses of a bicameral legislature that lacks the force of law (is non-binding) and does not require the approval of the chief executive (president). Concurrent resoluti ...
in the
California State Assembly The California State Assembly is the lower house of the California State Legislature, the upper house being the California State Senate. The Assembly convenes, along with the State Senate, at the California State Capitol in Sacramento. The A ...
recognized the "outstanding performance of California Chrome" and all of his connections including not only his owners and trainers, but also Willie Delgado and groom Raul Rodriguez. The resolution passed both chambers of the legislature unanimously on August 14. It was the first time that the California Legislature had honored a racehorse. The city of Fresno proclaimed October 11, 2014, as "California Chrome Day". In March 2015, the Los Angeles Sports Council ranked California Chrome's Kentucky Derby and Preakness wins third at the LA Sports Awards' Sports Moment of 2014, behind only the
Los Angeles Kings The Los Angeles Kings are a professional ice hockey team based in Los Angeles. The team competes in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Pacific Division in the Western Conference and was founded on June 5, 1967, after Jack Kent ...
Stanley Cup win and
Clayton Kershaw Clayton Edward Kershaw (born March 19, 1988) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball (MLB) . He has played for the Dodgers for the entirety of his MLB career. A left-handed starting p ...
's Cy Young and National League MVP Awards. California Chrome won the 2014
Secretariat Vox Populi Award The Secretariat Vox Populi Award, also known as the "Voice of the People" award, was established in 2010 by Penny Chenery, who was the owner of Secretariat (horse), Secretariat. The annual award "recognizes the horse whose popularity and racing exce ...
given each year to recognize "the horse whose popularity and racing excellence best resounded with the American public and gained recognition for Thoroughbred racing." His Kentucky Derby win was named the NTRA "Moment of the Year". At the
Eclipse Award The Eclipse Award is an American Thoroughbred horse racing award named after the 18th-century British racehorse and sire, Eclipse. An Eclipse Award Trophy is presented to the winner in each division that is made by a few small selected American ...
s, he was named
American Horse of the Year The American Award for Horse of the Year, one of the Eclipse Awards, is the highest honor given in American thoroughbred horse racing. Because Thoroughbred horse racing in the United States has no governing body to sanction the various awards, "Hor ...
and
American Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse The American Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse is an American Thoroughbred horse racing honor awarded annually in Thoroughbred flat racing. It became part of the Eclipse Awards program in 1971. The award originated in 1936 when both ''Turf & Sport ...
. He was the second California-bred to win Horse of the Year, the first since
Tiznow Tiznow (foaled March 12, 1997 in California) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for his wins in the Breeders' Cup Classic in 2000 and 2001, becoming the only horse to win this race twice. He was the 2000 American Horse of the Year an ...
, the first three-year-old to be Horse of the Year since
Rachel Alexandra Rachel () was a Biblical figure, the favorite of Jacob's two wives, and the mother of Joseph and Benjamin, two of the twelve progenitors of the tribes of Israel. Rachel's father was Laban. Her older sister was Leah, Jacob's first wife. Her aunt ...
, and the first Kentucky Derby winner since
Charismatic Charisma () is a personal quality of presence or charm that compels its subjects. Scholars in sociology, political science, psychology, and management reserve the term for a type of leadership seen as extraordinary; in these fields, the term "ch ...
. The
California Thoroughbred Breeders' Association The California Thoroughbred Breeders Association (CTBA), founded in 1937, is a non-profit organization committed to the advancement of thoroughbred breeding and racing in California. It is governed by a board of 16 directors elected by the associati ...
named him the 2014 California-bred Horse of the Year, Champion Cal-bred Three-Year-Old, and Turf Champion. Lucky Pulpit was named Champion Sire, Love the Chase was Champion Broodmare, Martin and Coburn were named Champion Breeders, and Sherman was named Trainer of the Year. In 2015, California Chrome was named Champion California-bred Older Male. 2016 saw the inauguration of the California Chrome Stakes, a mile race with an introductory purse of $150,000 for three-year-olds at Los Alamitos. The track created the race in recognition of the horse being stabled there as a home base since the beginning of 2014. At the end of the season, he became a repeat winner of the Eclipse Award for Horse of the Year, becoming the first horse since John Henry to win twice in non-consecutive years. He also was named Champion Older Dirt Male. In addition, he once again won the NTRA moment of the year, this time for his 2016 Dubai World Cup win, and also won the Secretariat Vox Popili award for the second time.


Fans and publicity


"Chromies"

An enthusiastic fan base supporting California Chrome became visible at the Santa Anita Derby, when someone invited the horse's supporters to join the owners in the winner's circle and over 100 people crammed into the area, including one woman dressed entirely in metallic foil. Coburn told
CNN CNN (Cable News Network) is a multinational cable news channel headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner and Reese Schonfeld as a 24-hour cable news channel, and presently owned by the M ...
of a supporter who had a jackass tattooed on his shoulder. An unofficial Twitter account for the horse, @CalChrome, was started by a 37-year-old fan from Florida, Shawn LaFata, had over 12,000 followers by Belmont week. ''
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'' noted the enthusiasm of the fans, who used the
hashtag A hashtag is a metadata tag that is prefaced by the hash (also known as pound or octothorpe) sign, ''#''. On social media, hashtags are used on microblogging and photo-sharing services such as Twitter or Instagram as a form of user-generated ...
#Chromies on Twitter. LaFata believes the word "Chromies" first appeared on @CalChrome eight nights before the Kentucky Derby. The humble origins of the horse and the people around him played a role in his popularity, as did the horse's people-focused attitude. Supporters appeared to be further motivated by the continuing doubts raised by industry experts about California Chrome's ability. The horse had nationwide appeal, but California Chrome's core fan base was centered in the Central Valley of California; the
Sacramento ) , image_map = Sacramento County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Sacramento Highlighted.svg , mapsize = 250x200px , map_caption = Location within Sacramento ...
television market ranked sixth in the nation for television viewership on Preakness day, and third in the nation on Belmont day. Prior to the Belmont, singer–songwriter team
Templeton Thompson Templeton Thompson is a country music singer-songwriter. Her songs have been recorded by performers such as Reba McEntire, Jo Dee Messina, Little Texas, and Sherrié Austin. Early life and education She was raised on near Glen Rose, Texas, o ...
and Sam Gay wrote and recorded a song titled "Bring it on Home, Chrome" and a rap video featuring an elementary school children was released on
YouTube YouTube is a global online video platform, online video sharing and social media, social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. It was launched on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim. It is owned by ...
. Even after his Belmont loss, Harris Farms fielded many calls daily from fans wanting to visit the horse while he had a break from racing in June and July 2014. In contrast to his admirers, California Chrome's image was somewhat diminished by the criticism that followed Coburn's post-Belmont comments. Additional negative press occurred when Martin turned down an offer to bring California Chrome to parade in the paddock at Del Mar on the day of the
Pacific Classic The Pacific Classic Stakes is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds and older over a distance of one and one quarter miles on the dirt track scheduled annually in August at Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California. The ev ...
.
NPR National Public Radio (NPR, stylized in all lowercase) is an American privately and state funded nonprofit media organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., with its NPR West headquarters in Culver City, California. It differs from other ...
's
Frank Deford Benjamin Franklin Deford III (December 16, 1938 – May 28, 2017) was an American sportswriter and novelist. From 1980 until his death in 2017, he was a regular sports commentator on NPR's ''Morning Edition'' radio program. Deford wrote fo ...
had little patience with the horse's story exemplifying the American dream; DeFord felt that the horse's victories would have little impact on the popularity of horse racing, which he viewed as "a sport that is struggling against time and culture" due to the prevalence of other types of gambling and the reduced impact of horses in the daily lives of most people. Overall, the press the horse received was viewed as giving a needed boost to the sport. Jockey and
sports analyst A sports analyst is a person looking through technical, tactical, physiological, and psychological performance metrics /sup> working with the sports coach and sports science team to improve athlete performance. They will often use Video motion an ...
Gary Stevens noted prior to the Belmont, "I haven't heard Thoroughbred horse racing mentioned on CNN for a long time, and it was right at the top of the hour ... He's brought us mainstream again for the first time in a lot of years." Post-Belmont press analysis contended that California Chrome was the most popular Thoroughbred in America since
Zenyatta Zenyatta (foaled April 1, 2004) is a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who won the Breeders' Cup Classic and Breeders' Cup Distaff and 19 of her 20 starts. She was the 2010 American Horse of the Year, and Champion Older Female in 2008, ...
. In December, when the horse was selected as the winner of the Secretariat Vox Populi Award, Coburn said, "We have always said Chrome is the 'People's Horse' and we are thrilled that the public feels the same way we do about him." In announcing the Moment of the Year, Keith Chamblin of NTRA stated, "the fans reminded us that nothing trumps an awesome performance by a legendary horse." When the horse won the 2016 Vox Populi award, Perry Martin said, "I'm proud to witness the love and devotion of Chrome's fans. They've always seen what I've seen in him."


Marketing

Prior to the 2014 Belmont Stakes, California Chrome's owners filed a
patent application A patent application is a request pending at a patent office for the grant of a patent for an invention described in the patent specification and a set of one or more claims stated in a formal document, including necessary official forms and re ...
to trademark his name for use on athletic apparel, and hired two talent agencies to help with marketing and sponsorships. Following the "nasalgate" story, fans began to appear wearing human nasal strips or purple band-aids across their noses. Working with the intellectual property attorney who had brokered deals for
Smarty Jones Smarty Jones (February 28, 2001) is a champion Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 2004 Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes and came second in the Belmont Stakes. Background Born at Fairthorne Farm in Chester County, Pennsylvania, the horse was ...
, California Chrome's owners gained an endorsement deal with
GlaxoSmithKline GSK plc, formerly GlaxoSmithKline plc, is a British multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology company with global headquarters in London, England. Established in 2000 by a merger of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham. GSK is the ten ...
, manufacturer of the human Breathe Right nasal strips. On Belmont day, GlaxoSmithKline gave away 50,000 of the strips at
Belmont Park Belmont Park is a major thoroughbred horse racing facility in the northeastern United States, located in Elmont, New York, just east of the New York City limits. It was opened on May 4, 1905. It is operated by the non-profit New York Racin ...
. Santa Anita, which
simulcast Simulcast (a portmanteau of simultaneous broadcast) is the broadcasting of programmes/programs or events across more than one resolution, bitrate or medium, or more than one service on the same medium, at exactly the same time (that is, simultane ...
the race, ran its own promotion, giving fans at that track purple nasal strips with the word "Chrome" on the front. On June 2, the
Skechers Skechers USA, Inc. is an American multinational footwear company. Headquartered in Manhattan Beach, California, it was founded in 1992 and is now the third largest footwear brand in the United States. History Skechers was founded in 1992 by Ro ...
shoe company announced a sponsorship deal where the company's logo appeared on assorted items worn by the horse and his handlers, the company used California Chrome's image in its marketing, and ran a half page ad featuring the horse in ''
The Wall Street Journal ''The Wall Street Journal'' is an American business-focused, international daily newspaper based in New York City, with international editions also available in Chinese and Japanese. The ''Journal'', along with its Asian editions, is published ...
'' at the end of June 2014.


Statistics

*Odds not available


Pedigree analysis

California Chrome has been described as a throwback to horses with toughness and soundness. His sire, Lucky Pulpit, and his dam, Love the Chase, each had relatively undistinguished racing careers, but their ancestors were successful on the track, and some were well known for stamina over distance. Lucky Pulpit was sired by Pulpit, who is credited with 63 stakes winners and particularly known for his son
Tapit Tapit (foaled February 27, 2001, in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse who won three of his six races, including the Wood Memorial Stakes, then a Graded stakes race, Grade I event. He was an immediate success after retiring to stud, ...
. 1992 Belmont Stakes and
Breeders' Cup Classic The Breeders' Cup Classic is a Grade I Weight for Age thoroughbred horse race for 3-year-olds and older run at a distance of on dirt. It is held annually at a different racetrack as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships in late October o ...
winner A. P. Indy is the sire of Pulpit, and in 2015, California Chrome became the all-time leading earner from the A. P. Indy sire line. The sire line of these
stallion A stallion is a male horse that has not been gelded (castrated). Stallions follow the conformation and phenotype of their breed, but within that standard, the presence of hormones such as testosterone may give stallions a thicker, "cresty" nec ...
s traces to
Bold Ruler Bold Ruler (April 6, 1954 – July 11, 1971) was an American Thoroughbred National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame, Hall of Fame racehorse who was the 1957 American Horse of the Year, Horse of the Year. This following a three-year-old campaign t ...
, considered one of the greatest North American sires of the 20th century, and ultimately to the
Darley Arabian The Darley Arabian (foaled c. 1700) was one of three dominant foundation sires of modern Thoroughbred horse racing bloodstock. The other two founders were the Godolphin Arabian and the Byerley Turk. This bay Arabian horse was bought in Alep ...
through
Eclipse An eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when an astronomical object or spacecraft is temporarily obscured, by passing into the shadow of another body or by having another body pass between it and the viewer. This alignment of three ce ...
. A. P. Indy was by 1977 Triple Crown winner
Seattle Slew Seattle Slew (February 15, 1974 – May 7, 2002) was a champion American Thoroughbred horse racing, racehorse who became the tenth winner of the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States), American Triple Crown (1977). He is one of only ...
, and is a grandson of
Secretariat Secretariat may refer to: * Secretariat (administrative office) * Secretariat (horse) Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989), also known as Big Red, was a champion American thoroughbred horse racing, racehorse who is the ninth winne ...
on his dam's side, bringing a second cross to Bold Ruler into the
pedigree Pedigree may refer to: Breeding * Pedigree chart, a document to record ancestry, used by genealogists in study of human family lines, and in selective breeding of other animals ** Pedigree, a human genealogy (ancestry chart) ** Pedigree (animal ...
. Pulpit is a grandson of Mr. Prospector on his dam's side, a line believed to
cross A cross is a geometrical figure consisting of two intersecting lines or bars, usually perpendicular to each other. The lines usually run vertically and horizontally. A cross of oblique lines, in the shape of the Latin letter X, is termed a sa ...
well with Seattle Slew's breeding. Pulpit's maternal granddam, Narrate, carries lines to Bold Ruler and to 1964 Kentucky Derby winner
Northern Dancer Northern Dancer (May 27, 1961 – November 16, 1990) was a Thoroughbred who, in 1964, became the first Canadian-bred horse to win the Kentucky Derby. He then became one of the most successful sires of the 20th century. He is considered a Canad ...
. Lucky Pulpit's dam, Lucky Soph, is a
half-sister A sibling is a relative that shares at least one parent with the subject. A male sibling is a brother and a female sibling is a sister. A person with no siblings is an only child. While some circumstances can cause siblings to be raised separat ...
to the dam of
Unbridled's Song Unbridled's Song (February 18, 1993 – July 26, 2013) was an American thoroughbred racehorse who won the Breeders' Cup Juvenile, Florida Derby and Wood Memorial. He was the favorite for the 1996 Kentucky Derby but suffered a cracked hoof in ...
and also a granddaughter of
Caro Caro may refer to: Places * Caro, Michigan, United States * Caro, Morbihan, France * Çaro, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France Other uses * Caro (given name), including a list of people with the given name * Caro (surname), including a list of peo ...
, who sired 1988 Kentucky Derby winner Winning Colors.
Princequillo Princequillo (1940–1964) was a Thoroughbred racehorse conceived in France and born in Ireland. He is known for his performances in long-distance races and his successes as a sire. Background His sire, Prince Rose, stood at the Haras de Cheff ...
, who was noted for his stamina, appears several times in Lucky Pulpit's pedigree. Love the Chase comes from old and respected stock, and California Chrome was the fifth Kentucky Derby winner produced from this mare line. Her sire, Not for Love, was by Mr. Prospector and out of a daughter of Northern Dancer. Northern Dancer appears again on the
distaff side A distaff (, , also called a rock"Rock." ''The Oxford English Dictionary''. 2nd ed. 1989.), is a tool used in spinning. It is designed to hold the unspun fibers, keeping them untangled and thus easing the spinning process. It is most commonly us ...
of Love the Chase's pedigree. Her granddam, Chase the Dream, was sired by the 1968
Epsom Derby The Derby Stakes, also known as the Epsom Derby or the Derby, and as the Cazoo Derby for sponsorship reasons, is a Group 1 flat horse race in England open to three-year-old colts and fillies. It is run at Epsom Downs Racecourse in Surrey o ...
winner
Sir Ivor Sir Ivor (May 5, 1965 – November 10, 1995) was an American-bred, Irish-trained champion Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a career which lasted from July 1967 to October 1968 he ran thirteen times and won eight races. He won major races in ...
.
Vaguely Noble Vaguely Noble (1965–1989) was an Irish-bred Thoroughbred racehorse who competed in the United Kingdom and France. The colt is best known as the winner of the 1968 Group One Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe when he defeated the best horses from Engla ...
, winner of the 1968
Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe The Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp Racecourse in Paris, France, over a distance ...
, is one of Chase the Dream's grandsires. She traces to Princequillo and to the UK-bred Ribot, viewed by some as the greatest racehorse of his generation. Love the Chase has two crosses to the mare Numbered Account, who produced several Grade I stakes winners and was the
American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly The American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly is an American Thoroughbred horse racing honor awarded annually to a female horse in Thoroughbred flat racing. It became part of the Eclipse Awards program in 1971. The award originated in 1936 when both t ...
in 1971. Numbered Account was a daughter of
Buckpasser Buckpasser (1963–1978) was a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who was the 1966 Horse of the Year. His other achievements include 1965 Champion Two-Year-Old, 1966 Champion Three-Year-Old, 1966 Champion Handicap Horse, and 1967 Champi ...
, who earned five
Eclipse Awards The Eclipse Award is an American Thoroughbred horse racing award named after the 18th-century Great Britain, British racehorse and Father, sire, Eclipse (horse), Eclipse. An Eclipse Award Trophy is presented to the winner in each division that is ...
between 1965 and 1967, and was inducted to the Horse Racing Hall of Fame in 1970. The Buckpasser line has been considered another good bloodline to crossbreed with descendants of Seattle Slew. Numbered Account was also a granddaughter of Swaps, and traces to
La Troienne La Troienne (1926–1954) was one of the most famous and influential Thoroughbred broodmares in twentieth century America. She produced 10 winners including two Hall of Fame inductees while at stud, while her daughters in turn produced many notab ...
and
War Admiral War Admiral (May 2, 1934 – October 30, 1959) was a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who is the fourth winner of the American Triple Crown. He was also the 1937 Horse of the Year and well known as the rival of Seabiscuit in the 'Match ...
on both sides of her pedigree. Love the Chase's tail-female line is one of the oldest in North America. Through a mare named Selima, foaled in 1745, who was by the
Godolphin Arabian The Godolphin Arabian (–1753), also known as the Godolphin Barb, was an Arabian horse who was one of three stallions that founded the modern Thoroughbred (the others were the Darley Arabian and the Byerley Turk). He was named after his best-kno ...
and imported to the
Province of Maryland The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland ...
between 1750 and 1752. The line probably traces to
Thoroughbred family 21 The Thoroughbred is a list of horse breeds, horse breed best known for its use in Thoroughbred racing, horse racing. Although the word ''thoroughbred'' is sometimes used to refer to any breed of purebred horse, it technically refers only to th ...
, which began with the Moonah Barb Mare, who was imported from Barbary to England ''
in utero ''In Utero'' is the third and final studio album by American rock band Nirvana. It was released on September 21, 1993, by DGC Records. After breaking into the mainstream with their second album, ''Nevermind'' (1991), Nirvana hired Steve Albini t ...
'' about 1700. California Chrome has relatively little
inbreeding Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and o ...
; he is 4 × 3 to Mr Prospector, meaning that this ancestor appears once in the third and once in the fourth generations of his pedigree. He is also 4 × 4 to Numbered Account and 4 × 5 to
Northern Dancer Northern Dancer (May 27, 1961 – November 16, 1990) was a Thoroughbred who, in 1964, became the first Canadian-bred horse to win the Kentucky Derby. He then became one of the most successful sires of the 20th century. He is considered a Canad ...
. * California Chrome is
inbred Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and o ...
4s × 3d to the stallion
Mr Prospector Mr. Prospector (January 28, 1970 – June 1, 1999) was a Thoroughbred racehorse who became an outstanding breeding stallion and notable sire of sires. A sprinter whose career was cut short by repeated injuries, he won seven of his 14 starts, inc ...
, meaning that he appears fourth generation on the sire side of his pedigree and third generation on the dam side of his pedigree. California Chrome is also inbred 4d × 4d to Numbered Account, meaning he appears fourth generation twice on the dam side of the pedigree.


Notes


References

{{reflist , colwidth = 25em , refs = {{cite web, title=About Taylor Made, url=http://www.taylormadeadvantage.com/abouttaylormade/index.php, website=Taylor Made, access-date=November 22, 2015, url-status=dead, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122220450/http://www.taylormadeadvantage.com/abouttaylormade/index.php, archive-date=November 22, 2015, df=mdy-all {{cite web, author=Andersen, Steve, title=Hollywood Park: California Chrome dominates King Glorious Stakes , url=http://www.drf.com/news/hollywood-park-california-chrome-dominates-king-glorious-stakes , work=Daily Racing Form, date=December 22, 2013, access-date=March 25, 2014 {{cite web, last=Angeli, first=Burt, title=Kentucky Derby bound, url=https://www.ironmountaindailynews.com/sports/local-sports/2014/04/kentucky-derby-bound/, work=Iron Mountain Daily News, access-date=April 20, 2014, date=April 19, 2014 {{cite web, title=Santa Anita to give away nasal strips to fans , url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/santa-anita-give-away-nasal-strips-fans , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606212115/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/santa-anita-give-away-nasal-strips-fans , agency=Associated Press , access-date=June 2, 2014, archive-date=June 6, 2014 , date=June 1, 2014 {{cite web, agency=Associated Press, title=California Chrome makes triumphant return to racing, url=http://www.sfgate.com/sports/article/California-Chrome-makes-triumphant-return-to-6748634.php, website=SF Gate, access-date=January 9, 2016, date=January 9, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Angst, first1=Frank, title=Racing Hall of Famer Cigar Dead at 24, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/87876/racing-hall-of-famer-cigar-dead-at-24, website=The Blood-Horse, access-date=January 10, 2016, date=October 8, 2014 {{cite web, last=Arrenquin, first=Andy, title=Yuba City couple's colt favorite to win Kentucky Derby, url=https://www.theunion.com/news/local-news/yuba-city-couples-colt-favorite-to-win-kentucky-derby/, work=The Union, access-date=December 9, 2019, date=April 30, 2014 {{cite web, last=Arrington , first=Debbie , title=Local horse California Chrome a favorite to win Santa Anita Derby before Run for the Roses , url=http://www.sacbee.com/2014/04/04/6297239/local-horse-california-chrome.html , work=Sacramento Bee , access-date=April 8, 2014 , date=April 4, 2014 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409002934/http://www.sacbee.com/2014/04/04/6297239/local-horse-california-chrome.html , archive-date=April 9, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/84253/california-chrome-ready-to-crunch-ky-derby , author=Arrington, Debbie , title=California Chrome Ready to Crunch KY Derby , work=Blood-Horse , date=April 6, 2014 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, last=Arrington, first=Debbie, title=Derby horse takes his Yuba City owners on ride of a lifetime, url=http://www.sacbee.com/2014/04/20/6337965/derby-horse-takes-his-yuba-city.html, work=Sacramento Bee, access-date=May 27, 2014, date=April 20, 2014, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528022206/http://www.sacbee.com/2014/04/20/6337965/derby-horse-takes-his-yuba-city.html, archive-date=May 28, 2014, url-status=dead {{cite news, title=Trainer Art Sherman returns to Kentucky Derby 59 years later with race favorite California Chrome, url=http://www.sacbee.com/2014/04/29/6364835/trainer-art-sherman-returns-to.html, work=Sacramento Bee, date=April 29, 2014, access-date=May 4, 2014, author=Debbie Arrington, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140504205602/http://www.sacbee.com/2014/04/29/6364835/trainer-art-sherman-returns-to.html, archive-date=May 4, 2014, url-status=dead {{cite web, last1=Arrington, first1=Debbie, title=Capitol salutes California Chrome, url=https://www.sacbee.com/sports/article2606742.html, website=The Sacramento Bee, access-date=December 9, 2019, date=August 14, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Arrington, first1=Debbie, title=California Chrome ready for his comeback, url=http://www.sacbee.com/sports/article51738690.html, website=Sacramento Bee, access-date=December 27, 2015, date=December 26, 2015 {{cite web, last1=Arrington, first1=Debbie, title=Chromies swoon for Triple Crown hopeful, url=http://www.sacbee.com/2014/05/24/6429160/chromies-swoon-for-triple-crown.html, work=Sacramento Bee, access-date=June 2, 2014, date=May 24, 2014, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140604002840/http://www.sacbee.com/2014/05/24/6429160/chromies-swoon-for-triple-crown.html, archive-date=June 4, 2014, url-status=dead {{cite web, last1=Arrington, first1=Debbie, title=California Chrome shines in return, url=http://www.sacbee.com/sports/article53971530.html, website=Sacramento Bee, access-date=January 9, 2016, date=January 9, 2016 {{cite web, title=Santa Anita Park - October 1, 2016 - Race 7, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/chartEmb.cfm?track=SA&raceDate=10/01/2016&cy=USA&rn=7, website=Equibase, access-date=October 1, 2016, date=October 1, 2016 {{cite web, title=Bob Baffert, url=http://www.equibase.com/profiles/Results.cfm?type=People&searchType=T&eID=83, publisher=Equibase, access-date=May 20, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Balan, first1=Jeremy, title=California Chrome Likely Out for the Year, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/92992/california-chrome-likely-out-for-the-year, website=The Blood-Horse, access-date=July 12, 2015, date=July 12, 2015 {{cite web , url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/93090/california-chrome-to-return-to-racing-in-2016, title=California Chrome to Return to Racing in 2016, last1=Balan, first1=Jeremy, date=July 19, 2015, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=July 19, 2015 {{cite web, last1=Balan, first1=Jeremy, title=California Chrome Back Home in Sherman Barn, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/95098/california-chrome-back-home-in-sherman-barn, website=The Blood Horse, access-date=October 16, 2015, date=October 13, 2015 {{cite web, last1=Balan, first1=Jeremy, date=July 23, 2016, title='Chrome' Edges Dortmund in Del Mar Battle, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/213560/chrome-edges-dortmund-in-del-mar-battle, website=The Blood-Horse, access-date=July 24, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Balan, date=July 15, 2016, first1=Jeremy, title=California Chrome Brilliant in Del Mar Breeze, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/213351/california-chrome-brilliant-in-del-mar-breeze, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=July 24, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Balan, first1=Jeremy, title=California Chrome Superior in Pacific Classic, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/214395/california-chrome-superior-in-pacific-classic, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=21 August 2016, date=August 20, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Balan, first1=Jerem, title='Chrome' Cruises to Awesome Again Win, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/215495/chrome-cruises-to-awesome-again-win, website=Blood Horse, access-date=October 1, 2016, date=October 1, 2016 {{cite web, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/217486/sherman-chrome-will-come-back-and-fight, last=Balan, first=Jeremy, title=Sherman: 'Chrome' Will 'Come Back and Fight', work=Blood Horse, date=November 6, 2016, access-date=November 6, 2016 {{cite news, title=California Chrome: Dubai World Cup runner-up set for Royal Ascot, url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/horse-racing/32105621, access-date=March 29, 2015, agency=BBC Sport, publisher=BBC, date=March 29, 2015 {{cite web, author=Staff, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?RACE=12&BorP=P&TID=SA&CTRY=USA&DT=11/01/2014&DAY=D&STYLE=EQB , title=Santa Anita, November 1, 2014 – Race 12 , publisher=Equibase, date=November 1, 2014, format=PDF, access-date=November 1, 2014 {{cite web, author=Staff, url=http://www.equibase.com/static/chart/pdf/SA110516USA12.pdf, title=Santa Anita, November 5, 2016 – Race 12, publisher=Equibase, date=November 5, 2016, access-date=November 6, 2016, url-status=dead, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107154952/http://www.equibase.com/static/chart/pdf/SA110516USA12.pdf, archive-date=November 7, 2016, df=mdy-all {{cite web , url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=BEL&dt=06/07/2014&ctry=USA&race=11 , title= Belmont Park – June 7, 2014 – Race 11 , publisher=Equibase, access-date=June 7, 2014 , date=June 7, 2014 {{cite news, last1=Beyer, first1=Andrew, title=California Chrome's owner clearly erred; Jockey Victor Espinoza might have, too, url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/othersports/california-chromes-owner-clearly-erred-jockey-victor-espinoza-might-have-too/2014/06/08/87d8ab28-ef33-11e3-bf76-447a5df6411f_story.html?tid=hpModule_a4df998e-86a7-11e2-9d71-f0feafdd1394, newspaper=The Washington Post, access-date=June 11, 2014, date=June 8, 2014 {{cite web, title='Chrome' Can Wear Nasal Strip in Belmont , url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85173/chrome-can-wear-nasal-strip-in-belmont, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 19, 2014, date=May 19, 2014 {{cite web, title=California Chrome Unfazed by Opossum on Track, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85242/california-chrome-unfazed-by-opossum-on-track, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 23, 2014, author=Staff, date=May 23, 2014 {{cite web, title=Belmont Marks Return of 'Califorina Chrome', url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85241/belmont-marks-return-of-califorina-chrome, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 24, 2014, author=Staff, date=May 23, 2014 {{cite web, title=Chrome's Gallop Leaves Connections Raving, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85321/chromes-gallop-leaves-connections-raving , author=Staff, work=Blood-Horse , access-date=May 27, 2014, date=May 27, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title=California Chrome Draws Post 2 for Belmont, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85477/california-chrome-draws-post-2-for-belmont, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=June 4, 2014, date=June 4, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title=Breathe Right Plans Belmont Promotion, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85495/breathe-right-plans-belmont-promotion, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=June 6, 2014, date=June 5, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title=Belmont Stakes Overnight TV Rating Strong, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85591/belmont-stakes-overnight-tv-rating-strong, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=June 8, 2014, date=June 8, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title=California Chrome Rated Fourth-Best in World, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85654/california-chrome-rated-fourth-best-in-world, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=June 13, 2014, date=June 12, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title=Buick to Ride 'Chrome' at Royal Ascot, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/92480/buick-to-ride-chrome-at-royal-ascot, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=June 8, 2015 {{cite web, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/97742/los-alamitos-announces-spring-stakes-schedule, title=Los Alamitos Announces Spring Stakes Schedule, author=Blood-Horse Staff, date=February 12, 2016, work=BloodHorse.com, access-date=February 26, 2016 {{cite web, title=Love the Chase Sells for $1.95 Million, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/217524/love-the-chase-sells-for-1-95-million, website=Blood Horse, access-date=January 29, 2017, language=en, date=November 7, 2016 {{cite web, last=Bozich, first=Rick, title=D. Wayne Lukas Shares His Winning Derby Betting Strategy, url=http://www.wdrb.com/story/25381795/bozich-d-wayne-lukas-shares-his-winning-derby-betting-strategy, publisher=WDRB, access-date=April 30, 2014, date=April 29, 2014, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502001825/http://www.wdrb.com/story/25381795/bozich-d-wayne-lukas-shares-his-winning-derby-betting-strategy, archive-date=May 2, 2014, url-status=dead, df=mdy-all {{cite web, title=California Chrome basks in limelight, url=http://www.kentuckyderby.com/news/2014/04/06/california-chrome-basks-limelight, work=Kentucky Derby Racing News, publisher=Kentuckyderby.com, access-date=April 10, 2014, author=Brisnet.com, date=April 6, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title=California Chrome dazzles in Santa Anita Derby, url=https://www.kentuckyderby.com/news/2014/04/05/california-chrome-dazzles-santa-anita-derby, publisher=Kentucky Derby, access-date=December 9, 2019, date=April 6, 2014 {{cite web, last=Staff, title=Delgado: Chrome's 'a rock star and I am just a groupie', date=May 12, 2014, url=http://brcdn.brisnet.com/content/2014/05/delgado-chromes-a-rock-star-and-i-am-just-a-groupie/, access-date=November 9, 2019 {{cite web, title=Buckpasser, url=http://www.equibase.com/profiles/Results.cfm?type=Horse&refno=66037®istry=T , publisher=Equibase , access-date=May 7, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Caldwell, first1=Jennifer, title=California Chrome cruises to track record in Winter Challenge, url=http://www.brisnet.com/content/2016/12/california-chrome-cruises-track-record-winter-challenge/, website=Brisnet, access-date=January 28, 2017, date=December 17, 2016 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=SA&dt=01/25/2014&ctry=USA&race=10 , title=Santa Anita Park – January 25, 2014 – Race 10 , format=PDF , publisher=Equibase , date=January 25, 2014 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/97851/gimme-da-lute-named-2015-california-bred-hoy, title=Gimme Da Lute Named 2015 California-Bred HOY, access-date=November 6, 2016 {{cite web, title=Past Triple Crown Winners Ready For New Champ In California Chrome, url=http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2014/05/28/past-triple-crown-winners-ready-for-new-champ-in-california-chrome/, publisher=CBS New York, access-date=May 29, 2014, agency=Associated Press, date=May 28, 2014 {{cite web, last=Chairusmi, first=Jim, title=Wicked Strong, California Chrome Triumph Ahead of Derby, url=https://blogs.wsj.com/dailyfix/2014/04/05/wicked-strong-california-chrome-triumph-ahead-of-derby/, work=The Wall Street Journal, access-date=April 16, 2014, date=April 5, 2014 {{cite news, title=Kentucky Derby: California Chrome's bid takes trainer back in time , date=May 2, 2014 , work=Chicago Tribune , url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-05-02/news/chi-kentucky-derby-chrome-20140502_1_santa-anita-derby-kentucky-derby-churchill-downs , access-date=May 4, 2014 {{cite news, last1=Clark, first1=Liz, title=Preakness Stakes: California Chrome trainer Art Sherman, 77, is on ride of a lifetime, url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/othersports/preakness-stakes-california-chrome-trainer-art-sherman-77-is-on-ride-of-a-lifetime/2014/05/16/1266bbbc-dd3d-11e3-8009-71de85b9c527_story.html, newspaper=The Washington Post, access-date=June 3, 2014, date=May 16, 2014 {{cite web, last=Clay, first=John, title=Derby picture clears up as Dance With Fate steps out , url=http://www.kentucky.com/2014/04/12/3193272/john-clay-derby-picture-clears.html, work=Lexington Herald-Leader, access-date=April 16, 2014, date=April 12, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.equineline.com/Free-5X-Pedigree.cfm?page_state=ORDER_AND_CONFIRM&reference_number=1050660®istry=T&horse_name=Winning%20Colors&dam_name=All%20Rainbows&foaling_year=1985&nicking_stats_indicator=Y## , title=Winning Colors , publisher=Equineline, access-date=May 31, 2014 {{cite web, last=Coomes, first=Mark, title=So far, everything is coming up roses for California Chrome, url=http://insiderlouisville.com/lifestyle_culture/sports/far-everything-coming-roses-california-chrome/, work=Insider Louisville, access-date=May 1, 2014, date=April 14, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Crispe, first1=James, title=Royal Ascot preparations continue for 'Boss of the Heath' California Chrome, url=https://www.thoroughbredracing.com/articles/royal-ascot-preparations-continue-boss-heath-california-chrome, website=Thoroughbred Racing Commentary, access-date=June 10, 2015, date=May 30, 2015 {{cite web, title=Lucky Pulpit, url=http://www.ctba.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/stallion-directory/LUCKYPULPIT.pdf , publisher=CTBA, work=California Thoroughbred 2014 Stallion Directory, access-date=June 4, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title='Chrome Cal-bred Horse of the Year, url=http://ctba.com/chrome-cal-bred-horse-of-the-year/, website=California Thoroughbred Breeders' Association, access-date=February 11, 2015, date=February 9, 2015 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title=Love The Chase Delivers Colt, url=http://ctba.com/love-the-chase-delivers-colt/, website=California Thoroughbred Breeders' Association, access-date=August 9, 2015, date=April 12, 2015 {{cite web, title=Love the Chase to be Sold, url=http://ctba.com/love-the-chase-to-be-sold/, website=California Thoroughbred Breeders' Association, access-date=February 16, 2017, date=August 26, 2016 {{cite web, last=Davidowitz, first=Steve, title=The challenge for California Chrome, url=http://espn.go.com/horse-racing/story/_/id/10953476/the-triple-crown-challenge-california-chrome, publisher=ESPN, access-date=May 19, 2014, date=May 19, 2014 {{cite web, last1=DeFord, first1=Frank, title=Will A Triple Crown Win Save Horse Racing? Don't Bet On It, url=https://www.npr.org/2014/06/04/318600984/will-a-triple-crown-win-save-horse-racing-dont-bet-on-it, publisher=NPR, access-date=June 4, 2014, date=June 4, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=DMR&dt=09/04/2013&ctry=USA&race=8 , title=Del Mar – August 25, 2013 – Race 8 , format=PDF , publisher=Equibase , date=August 25, 2013 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.kentuckyderby.com/horses/california-chrome , title=California Chrome , publisher=Kentuckyderby.com , access-date=April 16, 2014 {{cite web, title=Prep Races-Kentucky Derby Winners, url=https://www.kentuckyderby.com/sites/kentuckyderby.com/files/u64720/Prep%20Races,%20Derby%20Winners%20(2014).pdf, website=Kenuckyderby.com, access-date=3 July 2016, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921034344/https://www.kentuckyderby.com/sites/kentuckyderby.com/files/u64720/Prep%20Races,%20Derby%20Winners%20(2014).pdf, archive-date=September 21, 2016, url-status=dead, df=mdy-all {{Cite journal , last = Deubler , first = Cindy , title = Belair Museums stand in path of 'Progress' , journal=Mid-Atlantic Thoroughbred , pages = 22–27 , date = May 2002 {{cite web, last1=Drape, first1=Joe, title=In Pennsylvania Derby, a Record Run Upstages the Return of California Chrome, url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/21/sports/in-pennsylvania-chrome-lags-behind-record-setter.html, work=The New York Times, access-date=September 26, 2014, date=September 20, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Staff, title=Dubai World Cup, url=https://www.racingpost.com/results/1231/meydan/2015-03-28/621967, publisher=Racing Post, access-date=March 29, 2015 {{cite web, url=http://www.emiratesracing.com/node/6?id=2721, title=Race results, website=Emirates Racing, access-date=March 26, 2016 {{cite web, last=Dwyre, first=Bill, title=California Chrome a down-home Derby favorite, url=http://www.latimes.com/sports/la-sp-santa-anita-derby-dwyre-20140406,0,4415215,full.column, work=Los Angeles Times, access-date=April 8, 2014, date=April 5, 2014, url-status=dead, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409200712/http://www.latimes.com/sports/la-sp-santa-anita-derby-dwyre-20140406,0,4415215,full.column, archive-date=April 9, 2014, df=mdy-all {{cite web, last=Dwyre, first=Bill, title=As for Preakness stories, California Chrome stands alone, url=http://www.latimes.com/sports/la-sp-california-chrome-dwyre-20140516-column.html, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140721201733/http://www.canewsfeed.com/los-angeles/as-for-preakness-stories-california-chrome-stands-alone/, work=Los Angeles Times, archive-date=July 21, 2014 , access-date=May 16, 2014, date=May 15, 2014 {{cite web, last=Ehalt , first=Bob , title=Majestic Prince: A Colt Who Lived Up to His Name , url=https://www.americasbestracing.net/the-sport/2019-majestic-prince-colt-who-lived-his-name , publisher=America's Best Racing , access-date=May 5, 2014 , date=May 5, 2014 {{cite web, last=Staff, title=California Chrome (CA), url=http://www.equibase.com/profiles/Results.cfm?type=Horse&refno=9074807®istry=T, publisher=Equibase, access-date=March 25, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/profiles/Results.cfm?type=People&searchType=T&eID=1710, title=Art Sherman, access-date=May 4, 2014, publisher=Equibase {{cite web, url=http://www.equineline.com/Free-5X-Pedigree.cfm?page_state=ORDER_AND_CONFIRM&reference_number=9074807®istry=T&horse_name=California%20Chrome&dam_name=Love%20the%20Chase&foaling_year=2011&nicking_stats_indicator=Y , title=California Chrome , publisher=Equineline , date=March 7, 2014 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Farrell , first1=Mike , title=California Chrome finishes 3rd in BC Classic , url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/horseracing/2014/11/01/california-chrome-finishes-3rd-in-bc-classic/18356371/ , website=USAToday , access-date=December 10, 2019 {{cite web, last1=Fenno, first1=Nathan, title=Jockey Victor Espinoza about California Chrome: 'He was not the same', url=http://www.latimes.com/sports/sportsnow/la-sp-sn-california-chrome-belmont-loss-20140607-story.html, work=Los Angeles Times, access-date=June 7, 2014, date=June 7, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Finley, first1=Patrick, title=Chicagoan California Chrome co-owners fine in background, url=http://www.suntimes.com/sports/horseracing/27898147-419/chicagoan-california-chrome-co-owners-fine-in-background.html#.U5iMDxaTxzQ, work=Chicago Sun-Times, access-date=June 11, 2014, date=June 5, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Fixler, first1=Kevin, title=Belmont Stakes 2014: Why California Chrome won't win the Triple Crown, url=https://www.sbnation.com/2014/6/6/5786588/california-chrome-belmont-stakes-triple-crown-favorite, work=SB Nation, access-date=June 11, 2014, date=June 6, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Fair PR , title=Celebrate California Chrome Day At The Big Fresno Fair Tomorrow, Oct. 11! , url=http://www.fresnofair.com/blog-entry/celebrate-california-chrome-day-big-fresno-fair-tomorrow-oct-11 , publisher=The Big Fresno Fair , access-date=October 20, 2014 , date=October 10, 2014 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021080144/http://www.fresnofair.com/blog-entry/celebrate-california-chrome-day-big-fresno-fair-tomorrow-oct-11 , archive-date=October 21, 2014 {{cite web, last=Garder, first=Sam , title=It's a lock: California Chrome's owner guarantees Kentucky Derby win , url=http://msn.foxsports.com/horse-racing/story/california-chrome-has-connections-dreaming-of-kentucky-derby-victory-041614 , work=Fox Sports , access-date=April 16, 2014, date=April 16, 2014 {{cite web, last=Gardner, first=Sam, title=California Chrome turns Mother's Day into a bed of roses for Faye Sherman , url=http://msn.foxsports.com/horse-racing/story/californa-chrome-turns-mother-s-day-into-a-bed-of-roses-for-faye-sherman-050914 , work=Fox Sports , access-date=May 10, 2014 , date=May 9, 2014 {{cite web, last=Gardner, first=Sam, title=How a waitress came to pull California Chrome's name out of a hat , url=http://msn.foxsports.com/horse-racing/story/how-a-waitress-came-to-pull-california-chrome-s-name-out-of-a-hat-052114 , work=Fox Sports, access-date=May 24, 2014, date=May 21, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=SA&dt=11/01/2013&ctry=USA&race=3 , title=Santa Anita Park – November 1, 2013 – Race 3 , format=PDF , publisher=Equibase , date=November 1, 2013 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=DMR&dt=07/31/2013&ctry=USA&race=7 , title=Del Mar – July 31, 2013 – Race 7 , format=PDF , publisher=Equibase , date=July 31, 2013 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, last=Greenblatt, first=Alan, title=California Chrome To Run In Belmont, Nasal Strips And All, url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/05/19/313954471/california-chrome-to-run-in-belmont-nasal-strips-and-all, work=The Two-Way, publisher=NPR, access-date=May 20, 2014, date=May 19, 2014 {{cite web, last=Grening, first=David, title=California Chrome handles wet Belmont track just fine, url=http://www.drf.com/news/california-chrome-handles-wet-belmont-track-just-fine, work=Daily Racing Form, access-date=May 24, 2014, date=May 24, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Grening, first1=David, title=California Chrome grabbed quarter during Belmont, url=http://www.drf.com/news/california-chrome-grabbed-quarter-during-belmont, work=Daily Racing Form, access-date=June 7, 2014, date=June 7, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Hackbarth, first1=Chelsea, title=California Chrome: X-Ray Reveals 'No Injury' In Right Knee , url=http://www.paulickreport.com/news/pegasus-world-cup/california-chrome-x-ray-reveals-no-injury-right-knee/, website=Paulick Report, access-date=January 30, 2017, language=en, date=January 30, 2017 {{cite web, last=Hammonds, first=Evan, title=California Chrome Draws Post 5 in Derby, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/84753/california-chrome-draws-post-5-in-derby, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=April 30, 2014, date=April 30, 2014 {{cite web, last=Harris, first=Beth, title=Kentucky Derby: California Chrome a colt nearly 6 decades in making for Art Sherman (Corrected version), url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/apr/30/correction-kentucky-derby-story/?page=all#pagebreak, work=The Washington Times, access-date=May 5, 2014, date=April 30, 2014 {{cite web, title=California Chrome breaks away for Derby win , last=Harris , first=Beth , website=
USA Today ''USA Today'' (stylized in all uppercase) is an American daily middle-market newspaper and news broadcasting company. Founded by Al Neuharth on September 15, 1982, the newspaper operates from Gannett's corporate headquarters in Tysons, Virgini ...
, agency=Associated Press, date=May 3, 2014, url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/horseracing/2014/05/03/california-chrome-breaks-away-for-derby-win/8669267/, access-date=December 10, 2019
{{cite web, last=Harris, first=Beth , title=California Chrome, trainer Art Sherman gear up for Preakness after Derby win , url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/may/4/california-chrome-trainer-art-sherman-gear-preakne/?page=all#pagebreak , work=The Washington Times , access-date=May 5, 2014 , date=May 4, 2014 {{cite web, last=Staff, title=Team Members, url=http://www.harrisfarms.com/index.php/team-members, publisher=Harris Farms, year=2014, access-date=April 1, 2014 {{cite web, last=Staff, title=Harris Farms 2014 Stallions, url=http://www.harrisfarms.com/index.php/stallions, publisher=Harris Farms, access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, author=Haskin, Steve , url=http://cs.bloodhorse.com/blogs/kentucky-derby-dozen/archive/2014/04/07/derby-dozen-april-7-2014-presented-by-shadwell-farm.aspx , title=Derby Dozen – April 7, 2014 , work=Blood-Horse , date=April 7, 2014 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, last=Haskin, first=Steve, title=Will Speed Threaten 'Chrome' in Preakness?, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/84955/will-speed-threaten-chrome-in-preakness, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 10, 2014, date=May 8, 2014 {{cite web, last=Haskin, first=Steve, title=California Chrome Has First Gallop at Pimlico, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85055/california-chrome-has-first-gallop-at-pimlico, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 14, 2014, date=May 14, 2014 {{cite web, last=Haskin, first=Steve, title=Chrome Sweet Chrome, url=http://cs.bloodhorse.com/blogs/horse-racing-steve-haskin/archive/2014/05/19/chrome-sweet-chrome.aspx, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 23, 2014, date=May 19, 2014 {{cite web, last=Haskin, first=Steve, title=California Chrome Arrives at Belmont, url=https://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85184/california-chrome-arrives-at-belmont, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 20, 2014, date=May 20, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Haskin, first1=Steve, title=Time to Move On, url=http://cs.bloodhorse.com/blogs/horse-racing-steve-haskin/archive/2014/06/09/haskin-time-to-move-on.aspx, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=June 11, 2014, date=June 9, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Haskin, first1=Steve, title=California Chrome Draws Rail in PA Derby, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/87415/california-chrome-draws-rail-in-pa-derby, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=September 15, 2014, date=September 15, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Haskin, first1=Steve, title=Shared Belief Needs to be Awesome...Again, url=http://cs.bloodhorse.com/blogs/horse-racing-steve-haskin/archive/2014/09/22/shared-belief-needs-to-be-awesome-again.aspx, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=September 26, 2014, date=September 22, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Haskin, first1=Steve, title=Haskin: Thoughts on a Super Saturday, url=http://cs.bloodhorse.com/blogs/horse-racing-steve-haskin/archive/2014/09/29/haskin-thoughts-on-a-super-saturday.aspx, website=Blood-Horse , access-date=October 2, 2014, date=September 29, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Haskin, first1=Steve, title=Breeders' Cup Classic Will Answer Questions, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/88211/breeders-cup-classic-will-answer-questions, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=October 27, 2014, date=October 27, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://cs.bloodhorse.com/blogs/horse-racing-steve-haskin/archive/2014/11/05/haskin-faded-dreams-from-the-14-classic.aspx, last=Haskin , first=Steve , title=Faded Dreams From the '14 Classic, work=Blood-Horse, date =November 5, 2014 , access-date=November 7, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Haskin, first1=Steve, title='Chrome', Shared Belief Ready for Battle, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/89952/chrome-shared-belief-ready-for-battle, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=February 4, 2015, date=February 3, 2015 {{cite web, last=Haskins , first=Kendrick , title=Derby Winner Loves to Smile , url=http://www.wave3.com/story/25476531/derby-winner-loves-to-smile, work=WAVE3 News, publisher=WorldNow, access-date=May 19, 2014, date=May 9, 2014 {{cite web, last=Heitner , first=Darren , title=Can California Chrome Strike Gold? , url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/darrenheitner/2014/05/21/can-california-chrome-strike-gold/, work=Forbes, access-date=May 23, 2014, date=May 21, 2014 {{cite web, last=Hoppert, first=Melissa, title=Two Horses, 59 Years Apart, Inspire One Trainer Art Sherman Ties the Kentucky Derby Favorite, California Chrome, to a Past Winner, url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/28/sports/art-sherman-ties-the-kentucky-derby-favorite-california-chrome-to-a-past-winner.html, work=The New York Times, access-date=May 1, 2014, date=April 27, 2014 {{cite web, last=Hoppert, first=Melissa, title=Highlights and Analysis: California Chrome Wins the Kentucky Derby, url=http://sports.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/05/03/live-highlights-and-analysis-of-the-kentucky-derby/, work=The New York Times, access-date=May 14, 2014, date=May 3, 2014 {{cite web, last=Hoppert , first=Melissa , title=California Chrome Shows Star Quality in New York Arrival , url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/21/sports/california-chrome-shows-star-quality-in-new-york-arrival.html?_r=0 , work=The New York Times , access-date=May 27, 2014 , date=May 20, 2014 {{cite news, last1=Hoppert, first1=Melissa, title=And ... They're Off (Fingers Crossed), url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/24/sports/for-superstitious-horsemen-luck-at-the-track-is-mostly-bad.html?_r=1, website=The New York Times , access-date=June 23, 2014, date=May 23, 2014 {{cite web, last=Hoppert, first=Melissa, title=In a Father's Footsteps, Chasing a Triple Crown, url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/25/sports/for-alan-sherman-california-chromes-constant-companion-a-journey-from-jockey-to-trainer.html?_r=2, work=The New York Times, access-date=May 27, 2014, date=May 24, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Hoppert, first1=Melissa, title=California Chrome's Crew, url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/07/sports/triple-crown-contenders-biggest-fans-are-probably-the-people-inside-his-barn.html, website=The New York Times, access-date=July 7, 2014, date=June 6, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Howard, first1=Johnette, title=Who is California Chrome?, url=http://espn.go.com/new-york/story/_/id/11038525/belmont-stakes-california-chrome-mind-one-kind, publisher=ESPN New York, access-date=June 6, 2014, date=June 6, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Hovdey, first1=Jay, title=Meet the man who polishes the Chrome, url=http://www.drf.com/news/hovdey-meet-man-who-polishes-chrome, website=Daily Racing Form, access-date=November 6, 2016, date=April 29, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Hovdey, first1=Jay, title=Hovdey: California Chrome up for some down time, url=http://www.drf.com/news/hovdey-california-chrome-some-down-time, website=Daily Racing Form, access-date=July 11, 2014, date=July 10, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Hovdey, first1=Jay, title=Hovdey: California Chrome brings the gold trophy back to California, url=http://www.drf.com/news/hovdey-california-chrome-brings-gold-trophy-back-california, website=Daily Racing Form , access-date=February 6, 2015 , date=January 21, 2015 {{cite web, last1=Hovdey, first1=Jay, title=Time off hasn't dulled California Chrome, url=http://www.drf.com/news/hovdey-time-hasnt-dulled-california-chrome, website=Daily Racing Form, access-date=January 9, 2015, date=January 7, 2016 {{cite web, last=Hunter , first=Avalyn , url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/84765/the-continuing-impact-of-seattle-slew , title=The Continuing Impact of Seattle Slew , work=Blood-Horse , access-date=May 12, 2014, date=May 9, 2014 {{cite web, last=Hunter, first=Avalyn, title=A Pedigree Story Made for Hollywood , url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85079/a-pedigree-story-made-for-hollywood , work=Blood-Horse , access-date=May 23, 2014, date=May 23, 2014 {{cite web, title=Del Mar - Nov 29, 2014– Race 8 , url=http://www.equibase.com/static/chart/pdf/DMR112914USA8.pdf , publisher=Equibase , access-date=November 29, 2014 , date=November 29, 2014 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204212734/http://www.equibase.com/static/chart/pdf/DMR112914USA8.pdf , archive-date=December 4, 2014 {{cite web, title=Churchill Downs- May 3, 2014– Race 11, url=http://www.equibase.com/yearbook/Chart.cfm?tk=CD&rd=2014-05-03&rn=11&de=D&cy=USA, publisher=Equibase, access-date=May 4, 2014, date=May 3, 2014 {{cite web, title=California Chrome: A State of Mind, url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DDNJR0y0rJU, archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/DDNJR0y0rJU, archive-date=2021-11-14 , url-status=live, publisher=YouTube, author=Kid Blink Productions, access-date=June 6, 2014, format=online video{{cbignore {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=BHP&dt=12/22/2013&ctry=USA&race=10 , title=Betfair Hollywood Park – December 22, 2013 – Race 10 , format=PDF , publisher=Equibase , date=December 22, 2013 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, last=LaCava , first=Tony , title=California Chrome takes owners with Kern ties on wild ride , url=https://www.bakersfield.com/sports/california-chrome-takes-owners-with-kern-ties-on-wild-ride/article_2f579908-1558-51bd-abe0-de2b212673f9.html , work=Bakersfield Californian , access-date=December 10, 2019 , date=May 10, 2014 {{cite web, last=LaMarra, first=Tom, title=California Chrome Gets Post 3 for Preakness, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85069/california-chrome-gets-post-3-for-preakness, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 14, 2014, date=May 14, 2014 {{cite web, last1=LaMarra, first1=Tom, title=California Chrome Camp Likes Classic Chances, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/88338/california-chrome-camp-likes-classic-chances, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=October 28, 2014, date=October 28, 2014 {{cite web, title=LA's Greatest Moments of 2014, url=https://secure.apolloi.com/lasports/app/awards.html, website=Los Angeles Sports Council, access-date=March 16, 2015, date=March 16, 2015 {{cite web, last=Layden, first=Tim, title=California Chrome: The Accidental Favorite, url=https://www.si.com/vault/2014/04/28/106457661/the-accidental-favorite, work=Sports Illustrated, access-date=December 10, 2019 , date=April 28, 2014 {{cite web, last=Layden, first=Tim, title=At the Kentucky Derby, the race belongs to the jockeysl, url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/more/news/20140501/kentucy-derby-jockeys/, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140507073828/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/more/news/20140501/kentucy-derby-jockeys/, url-status=dead, archive-date=May 7, 2014, work=Sports Illustrated, access-date=November 9, 2019, date=May 1, 2014 {{cite web, last=Layden, first=Tim, title=California Chrome is the horse to beat in the Kentucky Derby , url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/more/news/20140502/kentucky-derby-picks/ , work=Sports Illustrated, access-date=May 2, 2014, date=May 2, 2014, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140507163248/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/more/news/20140502/kentucky-derby-picks/, archive-date=May 7, 2014 {{cite web , last=Layden , first=Tim , url=https://harrisfarms.com/the-victory-of-california-chrome-and-the-magic-of-the-derby/ , title=The victory of California Chrome and the magic of the Derby, work=Sports Illustrated, access-date=May 6, 2014, date=May 4, 2014 {{cite web, last=Layden, first=Tim , title=California Chrome's quest for the Triple Crown, url=https://www.si.com/more-sports/2014/05/30/california-chrome-selectable , work=Sports Illustrated, access-date=May 30, 2014, date=May 30, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Layden, first1=Tim, title=History Walks By: The story of California Chrome, url =https://www.si.com/more-sports/2014/06/03/layden-chrome-oral-history, work=Sports Illustrated, access-date=June 6, 2014, date=June 3, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Layden, first1=Tim, title=Kentucky Derby champ California Chrome facing uncertain future, url=https://www.si.com/horse-racing/2015/04/28/kentucky-derby-california-chrome, website=Sports Illustrated, access-date=June 8, 2015, date=April 29, 2015 {{cite web, last=Lintner, first=Jonathan, title=Kentucky Derby update: Baffert praises California Chrome, url=http://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/horses/2014/04/23/bafferet-high-on-california-chrome/8042225/, work=Courier-Journal, access-date=April 27, 2014 , date=April 23, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Lintner, first1=Jonathan, title=California Chrome still making national news – sort of, url=http://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/horses/triple/2014/07/01/california-chrome-still-making-national-news-sort/11894045/, website=Courier-Journal, access-date=July 5, 2014, date=July 1, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Lintner, first1=Jonathan, title=California Chrome dominates in Dubai World Cup, url=http://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/horses/2016/03/26/dubai-world-cup-2016--california-chrome-dominates-becomes-leading-american-earner/82289600/, website=Courier-Journal, access-date=March 26, 2016, date=March 26, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Logue, first1=Dan, last2= Hall III , first2=Isadore, last3=Perea, first3=Henry, title=Assembly Concurrent Resolution No. 161—Relative to California Chrome, url=http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/13-14/bill/asm/ab_0151-0200/acr_161_bill_20140814_amended_asm_v97.pdf, publisher=California Legislature, access-date=August 18, 2014, date=August 14, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/profiles/Results.cfm?type=Horse&refno=7758346®istry=T , title=Love the Chase , publisher=Equibase , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, title=Lucky Pulpit, url=http://www.equibase.com/profiles/Results.cfm?type=Horse&refno=6093927®istry=T, publisher=Equibase, access-date=May 7, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=BHP&dt=04/26/2013&ctry=USA&race=2 , title=Betfair Hollywood Park – April 26, 2013 – Race 2 , format=PDF , publisher=Equibase , date=April 26, 2013 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=BHP&dt=05/17/2013&ctry=USA&race=8 , title=Betfair Hollywood Park – May 17, 2013 – Race 8 , format=PDF , publisher=Equibase , date=May 17, 2013 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/05/02/sport/california-chrome-kentucky-derby/index.html , last1=Majendie, first1=Matt, title=Kentucky Derby: Favorite California Chrome is racing on a rock star's dream , website=CNN , date =May 2, 2014, access-date=July 12, 2014 {{cite web, last=Manahan , first=Kevin , title=Belmont Stakes 2014: California Chrome to get new shoes for Triple Crown bid , url=http://www.nj.com/horse-racing/index.ssf/2014/05/belmont_stakeds_2014_california_chrome_to_get_new_shoes_for_triple_crown_bid.html , publisher=NJ.com , access-date=May 30, 2014 , date=May 30, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Manahan, first1=Kevin, title=Belmont Stakes 2014: California Chrome sharp in Saturday morning workout, url=http://www.nj.com/horse-racing/index.ssf/2014/05/belmont_stakes_2014_california_chrome_sharp_in_saturday_morning_workout.html, publisher=NJ.com, access-date=June 1, 2014, date=May 31, 2014 {{cite web, last=Markus, first=Don, title=With Triple Crown a win away, California Chrome's competitors mull over their next move , url=http://www.baltimoresun.com/sports/horse-racing/preakness/bs-sp-preakness-challenger-0518-20140517,0,4213410.story, work=Baltimore Sun, access-date=May 20, 2014, date=May 18, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Marquardt, first1=Lucas, title=Getting a Line On 'Chrome, website=Thoroughbred Daily News, url=http://www.thoroughbreddailynews.com/getting-a-line-on-chrome/, access-date=September 23, 2015, date=September 18, 2015 {{cite web, last1=Martin, first1=Kevin, title=Ten Things You Should Know: Santa Anita Derby – Hello Race Fans!, url=http://helloracefans.com/races/ten-things/santa-anita-derby/, website=Hello Race Fans, access-date=July 3, 2016, date=April 9, 2016 {{cite web, last=McGee, first=Marty, title=California Chrome heading to Pimlico early, url=http://www.drf.com/news/california-chrome-heading-pimlico-early, work=Daily Racing Form, access-date=May 7, 2014, date=May 5, 2014 {{cite news, last=McClean, first=Ian, newspaper=Irish Independent, title=California dreaming of elusive crowning glory, date=May 25, 2014, url=http://www.independent.ie/sport/horse-racing/california-dreaming-of-elusive-crowning-glory-30302031.html, access-date=July 16, 2014 {{cite web, last=Rush, first=Bonnie R., title=Epiglottic Entrapment in Horses , url=http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/respiratory_system/respiratory_diseases_of_horses/epiglottic_entrapment_in_horses.html , work=Merck Veterinary Manual, publisher=Merck, access-date=May 27, 2014, date=January 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.emiratesracing.com/node/6?id=2717&tab=5, title=Race results, publisher=Emirates Racing, access-date=March 26, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Miller, first1=Barbara, title=California Chrome: Brought to you by Skechers and Breathe Right endorsement deals, url=http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2014/06/harrisburg_attorney_brokers_ca.html, publisher=Penn Live, work=The Patriot-News, access-date=June 6, 2014, date=June 5, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Mihoces, first1=Gary, title='Ashamed': California Chrome owner Steve Coburn apologizes, url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/horseracing/2014/06/09/steve-coburn-california-chrome-triple-crown-apology-belmont-tonalist/10224725/, work=USA Today, access-date=June 9, 2014, date=June 9, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Mitchell, first1=Eric, title=California Chrome Will Shuttle to Chile, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/220477/california-chrome-will-shuttle-to-chile, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=April 24, 2017, language=en, date=March 16, 2017 {{cite web, last1=Mitchell, first1=Frank, title=Bloodlines: Developing the Derby Winner's Family, url=http://www.paulickreport.com/features/presents-bloodlines/brisnet-com-presents-bloodlines-developing-the-derby-winners-family/, website=Paulick Report , access-date=June 4, 2014, date=May 5, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Mitchell, first1=Eric, title=California Chrome's Stud Future Looks Tricky, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85468/california-chromes-stud-future-looks-tricky, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=June 3, 2014, date=June 3, 2014 {{cite web , url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/92595/no-royal-ascot-start-for-california-chrome, title=No Royal Ascot Start for California Chrome, last1=Mitchell, first1=Ron, date=June 16, 2015, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=June 17, 2015 {{cite web, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/93073/taylor-made-buys-share-in-california-chrome, title=Taylor Made Buys Share in California Chrome, last1=Mitchell, first1=Eric, date=July 17, 2015, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=July 18, 2015 {{cite web, last1=Mitchell, first1=Eric, title=Love the Chase to Sell at F-T November, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/214556/love-the-chase-to-sell-at-f-t-november, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=6 November 2016, date=August 26, 2016 {{cite web, title=Martin Testing Laboratories, url=http://www.martintesting.com/index.html, access-date=April 27, 2014 {{cite web, last=Murray, first=Chris, title=10 things you might not know about California Chrome, url=http://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/horses/triple/2014/05/20/things-might-know-california-chrome/2278110/, work=Courier-Journal, access-date=May 24, 2014, date=May 21, 2014 {{cite web, title=Kentucky Derby: California Chrome draws No. 5, url=http://www.nbcsports.com/horse-racing/kentucky-derby-california-chrome-draws-no-5, publisher=NBC Sports, access-date=April 30, 2014, format=video, date=April 30, 2014 {{cite web, title=California Chrome Two-Thirds of the Way to Triple Crown , url=http://www.nbcsports.com/horse-racing/triple-crown-recaps/california-chrome-two-thirds-way-triple-crown , publisher=NBC Sports , access-date=May 19, 2014 , author=Brisnet.com , date=May 17, 2014 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140518141514/http://www.nbcsports.com/horse-racing/triple-crown-recaps/california-chrome-two-thirds-way-triple-crown , archive-date=May 18, 2014 {{cite web, title=Nasal strip could clog Chrome's Triple Crown bid , url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/horseracing/2014/05/18/nasal-strip-could-clog-chromes-triple-crown-bid/9246839/ , agency=Associated Press , publisher=USAToday , access-date=December 10, 2019 , date=May 18, 2014 {{cite web, author=Staff , title=California Chrome Draws Post No. 2 for Triple Crown Try at Belmont Stakes , url=https://www.dailylocal.com/sports/california-chrome-draws-post-no-for-belmont/article_30804403-d406-59cf-976a-a6a1c517285f.html , publisher=NBC Sports , access-date=December 12, 2019 , date=June 4, 2014 {{cite web, last=Novak, first=Claire, title=California Chrome arrives, url=http://espn.go.com/horse-racing/triplecrown2014/story/_/id/10852862/california-chrome-arrives-churchill-downs, publisher=ESPN, access-date=April 30, 2014, date=April 28, 2014 {{cite web, last=Novak, first=Claire, title=Kentucky Derby Preview: Bring it Home, Chrome, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/84795/kentucky-derby-preview-bring-it-home-chrome, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 2, 2014, date=May 2, 2014 {{cite web, last=Novak, first=Claire, title=California Chrome Camp Dispels Sickness Rumor, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85084/california-chrome-camp-dispels-sickness-rumor, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 16, 2014, date=May 15, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Novak, first1=Claire, title='Chrome' Gets New Shoes, Set for Belmont Work , url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85389/chrome-gets-new-shoes-set-for-belmont-work , work=Blood-Horse , access-date=June 1, 2014, date=May 30, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Novak, first1=Claire, title='Chrome' Co-Owner Has No Regrets for Comments, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85585/chrome-co-owner-has-no-regrets-for-comments, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=June 8, 2014, date=June 8, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Novak, first1=Claire, title=California Chrome Sews Up HOY Honors, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/89661/california-chrome-sews-up-hoy-honors, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=January 17, 2015, date=January 17, 2015 {{cite web, last1=Novak, first1=Claire, title=Arrogate Upsets 'Chrome' in BC Classic, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/217453/arrogate-upsets-chrome-in-bc-classic, website=Blood Horse, access-date=November 6, 2016, date=November 5, 2016 {{cite web, title=NTRA Top Thoroughbred Poll – June 9, 2014 , url=https://www.ntra.com/ntra-top-thoroughbred-poll-june-9-2014/ , publisher=National Thoroughbred Racing Association , access-date=June 19, 2014 , date=June 9, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Staff , title=California Chrome's Kentucky Derby Win Named NTRA Moment of the Year , url=https://www.ntra.com/california-chromes-kentucky-derby-win-named-ntra-moment-of-the-year/ , website=National Thoroughbred Racing Association , access-date=January 17, 2015 , date=January 16, 2015 {{cite web, author1=Staff , title=Past Winners 1971-2014 , url=http://www.ntra.com/media/8946253/eclipsewinners.pdf , website=NTRA.com , publisher=National Thoroughbred Racing Association , access-date=6 February 2015 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207014828/http://www.ntra.com/media/8946253/eclipsewinners.pdf , archive-date=February 7, 2015 {{cite web, title=California Chrome's Dubai World Cup Win Named NTRA Moment of the Year, url=https://www.ntra.com/california-chromes-dubai-world-cup-win-named-ntra-moment-of-the-year/, website=NTRA, access-date=January 29, 2017, date=January 20, 2017 {{cite web, title=Numbered Account , url=http://www.equineline.com/Free-5X-Pedigree.cfm?page_state=ORDER_AND_CONFIRM&reference_number=354188®istry=T&horse_name=Numbered%20Account&dam_name=Intriguing&foaling_year=1969&nicking_stats_indicator=Y##, publisher=Equineline , access-date=May 7, 2014 {{cite web, last=Nuzzo, first=Regina , author-link= Regina Nuzzo , url=http://espn.go.com/horse-racing/story/_/id/10973676/science-california-chrome-nasal-strip-espn-magazine , title=Straight from the horse's nose , publisher=ESPN, access-date=May 27, 2014, date=May 24, 2014 {{cite web , title=Joint Statement from the New York State Gaming Commission, NYRA and The Jockey Club Regarding the Use of Nasal Strips , url=http://www.gaming.ny.gov/pdf/05.19.14.StewardsNasalStripsDecision.pdf , publisher=NYS Gaming Commission, access-date=May 19, 2014, date=May 19, 2014 {{cite web, url=https://www.offtrackbetting.com/results/19/del-mar-20160820.html , title=Del Mar - August 20, 2016 - Race 9 , website=Off Track Betting , date=August 20, 2016 , access-date=December 12, 2019 {{cite web, url=http://www.paulickreport.com/news/ray-s-paddock/with-nasalgate-over-time-to-focus-on-whats-important/ , last=Paulick, first=Ray, title=With 'Nasalgate' Over, Time to Focus on What's Important, website=Paulick Report , access-date=May 19, 2014, date=May 19, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Paulick Report Staff, title=Co-Owner Martin Talks Future Plans For California Chrome, url=http://www.paulickreport.com/news/thoroughbred-racing/co-owner-martin-talks-future-plans-for-california-chrome/, website=Paulick Report, access-date=4 June 2015, date=June 2, 2015 {{cite web, author1=Press release, title=California Chrome To Train Up To Million At Arlington Park, url=http://www.paulickreport.com/news/thoroughbred-racing/california-chrome-to-train-up-to-million-at-arlington-park/, website=Paulick Report, access-date=June 25, 2015, date=June 21, 2015 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title=Taylor Made Buys Coburn Interest In Chrome; Colt May Race Again , url=http://www.paulickreport.com/news/bloodstock/taylor-made-buys-coburn-interest-in-chrome-colt-may-race-again/, website=Paulick Report, access-date=July 17, 2015 {{cite web, author=Press Release, title=Twice As Nice: California Chrome Earns Second 'Vox Populi' Award , url=http://www.paulickreport.com/news/thoroughbred-racing/twice-nice-california-chrome-earns-second-vox-populi-award/, website=Paulick Report, access-date=January 29, 2017, language=en, date=December 19, 2016 {{cite web, author1=NTRA, title=California Chrome Wins 2016 Horse Of The Year , url=http://www.paulickreport.com/news/the-biz/california-chrome-wins-2016-horse-year/ , website=Paulick Report , access-date=January 29, 2017, language=en, date=January 21, 2017 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title=Update: California Chrome Shows Fluid In Right Knee After Pegasus World Cup - , url=http://www.paulickreport.com/news/pegasus-world-cup/california-chrome-shows-fluid-right-knee-pegasus-world-cup/, website=Paulick Report, access-date=January 30, 2017, language=en, date=January 29, 2017 {{cite web, last1=Pedulla, first1=Tom, title=California Chrome off for some rest and relaxation, url=http://msn.foxsports.com/horse-racing/story/california-chrome-off-for-some-rest-and-relaxation-061914, work=Fox Sports, access-date=June 19, 2014, date=June 19, 2014 {{cite web, title=Gulfstream Park – January 28, 2017 - Race 12, url=https://www.equibase.com/yearbook/Chart.cfm?tk=GP&rd=2017-01-28&rn=12&de=D&cy=USA {{cite web, title=PARX Racing - September 20, 2014 - Race 12 , url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=PRX&dt=09/20/2014&ctry=USA&race=12 , publisher=Equibase , access-date=September 20, 2014, date=September 20, 2014 {{cite press release, title=California Chrome Heads to Pimlico for 139th Preakness, url=http://www.pimlico.com/race-info/news/california-chrome-heads-pimlico-139th-preakness, publisher=Pimlico Race Course, access-date=December 11, 2019 {{cite web, title=DAPossum1, url=https://twitter.com/DAPossum1, publisher=Twitter, access-date=May 23, 2014 {{cite web, title=Pimlico – May 17, 2014 – Race 12, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=PIM&dt=05/17/2014&ctry=USA&race=12, publisher=Equibase, access-date=May 19, 2014, date=May 17, 2014 {{cite web, last=Media Guide , title=The Preakness , url=http://www.preakness.com/sites/www.preakness.com/files/content/news-center/Preakness2013MediaGuide.pdf , publisher=Pimlico Race Course , access-date=May 14, 2014 , page=P-27 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515003612/http://www.preakness.com/sites/www.preakness.com/files/content/news-center/Preakness2013MediaGuide.pdf , archive-date=May 15, 2014 {{cite web, last=Jay Privman, title=Santa Anita: California Chrome enters Kentucky Derby picture with big Cal Cup Derby win, url=http://www.drf.com/news/sant-anita-california-chrome-enters-kentucky-derby-picture-big-cal-cup-derby-win, work=Daily Racing Form, date=January 25, 2014, access-date=March 25, 2014, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140319072559/http://www.drf.com/news/sant-anita-california-chrome-enters-kentucky-derby-picture-big-cal-cup-derby-win, archive-date=March 19, 2014, url-status=dead {{cite web, last=Privman, first=Jay, title=Special shoes keep California Chrome's feet comfy, url=http://www.drf.com/news/special-shoes-keep-california-chromes-feet-comfy, work=Daily Racing Form, access-date=May 30, 2014, date=May 16, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Privman, first1=Jay, title=California Chrome likely to run in Hollywood Derby, url=http://www.drf.com/news/california-chrome-likely-run-hollywood-derby, website=Daily Racing Form, access-date=November 12, 2014, date=November 12, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Privman, first1=Jay, title=California Chrome in fine shape after winning turf debut , url=http://www.drf.com/news/california-chrome-fine-shape-after-winning-turf-debut , website=Daily Racing Form, access-date=December 1, 2014, date=November 30, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Privman, first1=Jay, title=Star-studded Pacific Classic a must-watch event, url=http://www.drf.com/news/star-studded-pacific-classic-must-watch-event, website=Daily Racing Form, access-date=August 20, 2016, date=August 18, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Privman, first1=Jay, title=Rail draw complicates matters for California Chrome in Pacific Classic, url=http://www.drf.com/news/rail-draw-complicates-matters-california-chrome-pacific-classic, website=Daily Racing Form, access-date=August 20, 2016, date=August 19, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Privman, first1=Jay, title=Arrogate rallies past California Chrome in epic Breeders' Cup Classic, url=http://www.drf.com/news/arrogate-rallies-past-california-chrome-epic-breeders-cup-classic, website=Daily Racing Form, access-date=November 7, 2016, date=November 6, 2016 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=BHP&dt=06/15/2013&ctry=USA&race=8 , title=Betfair Hollywood Park – June 15, 2013 – Race 8 , format=PDF , publisher=Equibase , date=June 15, 2013 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, last=Staff, title=Claiborne Stallion Pulpit Dies, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/74928/claiborne-stallion-pulpit-dies , work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 8, 2014, date=December 6, 2012 {{cite web, last=Rees, first=Jennie, title=California Chrome a big draw for Los Alamitos track , url=http://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/horses/2014/04/04/california-chrome-big-draw-los-alamitos-track/7333193/ , work=Courier-Journal , access-date=April 10, 2014 , date=April 5, 2014 {{cite web, last=Rees, first=Jennie, title=Kentucky Derby 2014 {{! Odds and post positions, url=http://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/horses/triple/2014/04/30/kentucky-derby-140-post-positions/8511479/, work=Courier-Journal, access-date=May 1, 2014, date=May 1, 2014 {{cite web, last=Rees, first=Jennie, title=California Chrome sire Lucky Pulpit unlucky on track, url=http://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/horses/triple/derby/2014/05/02/california-chrome-sire-lucky-pulpit-unlucky-track/8624859/, access-date=May 8, 2014, work=Courier-Journal, date=May 2, 2014 {{cite web, last=Rees, first=Jennie, title=California Chrome's fan club proud of Derby win, url=http://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/horses/triple/derby/2014/05/12/california-chromes-fan-club-proud-derby-win/9018601/, work=Courier-Journal, access-date=May 13, 2014, date=May 12, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Rees, first1=Jennie, title=California Chrome trainer describes Belmont injury, url=http://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/horses/triple/2014/06/08/california-chrome-trainer-describes-belmont-injury/10201349/, work=Courier-Journal , access-date=June 9, 2014, date=June 9, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Reilly, first1=Kellie, title=California Chrome romps in Dubai World Cup, surpasses Curlin on earnings list, url=https://www.kentuckyderby.com/horses/news/california-chrome-romps-in-dubai-world-cup,-surpasses-curlin-on-earnings-list, website=Kentuckyderby.com/Brisnet, access-date=March 29, 2016, date=March 26, 2016 .{{cite web, url=http://www.thenational.ae/sport/dubai-world-cup/california-chrome-comes-to-dubai-having-never-carried-so-much-weight-according-to-trainer, title=California Chrome comes to Dubai having 'never carried so much' weight, according to trainer, author=Geoffrey Riddle, access-date=February 26, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Riddle, first1=Geoffrey, title=Dubai World Cup: 'Cowboy' Dihigi Gladney has taken a real shine to California Chrome, url=http://www.thenational.ae/dubai-world-cup-cowboy-dihigi-gladney-has-taken-a-real-shine-to-california-chrome#full, website=The National, access-date=March 29, 2016, date=March 22, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Ritchie, first1=L. Carol, title=A Horse—And A Horse Story—For The Ages, url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/06/07/319704268/a-horse-and-a-horse-story-for-the-ages, publisher=NPR, access-date=July 14, 2014, date=June 7, 2014 {{cite web, last=Rogers , first=Darren , title=Kentucky Derby & Kentucky Oaks Update: Wednesday, April 30, 2014 , url=http://www.kentuckyderby.com/news/2014/04/30/kentucky-derby-kentucky-oaks-update-wednesday-april-30-2014 , publisher=Churchill Downs , access-date=April 30, 2014 , date=April 30, 2014 {{cite web, last=Rogers , first=Darren , title=California Chrome Cruises to Victory in 140th Kentucky Derby before Crowd of 164,906 , url=http://www.kentuckyderby.com/news/2014/05/03/california-chrome-cruises-victory-140th-kentucky-derby-crowd-164906 , publisher=Kentuckyderby.com , access-date=May 31, 2014, date=May 3, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Rovell, first1=Darren, title=Skechers signs California Chrome, url=http://espn.go.com/horse-racing/triplecrown2014/story/_/id/11018673/california-chrome-signs-first-major-marketing-deal-shoe-brand-skechers , publisher=ESPN, access-date=May 2, 2014, date=May 2, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Russo, first1=Nicole, title=Taylor Made preparing to put California Chrome on fast track, url=http://www.drf.com/news/taylor-made-preparing-put-california-chrome-fast-track, website=Daily Racing Form, access-date=February 16, 2017, language=en {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlusIndex.cfm?tid=SA%20&dt=11/1/2013&ctry=USA , title=Historical Charts for Santa Anita Park, November 1, 2013 , publisher=Equibase , date=November 1, 2013 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, title=Santa Anita Park - February 7, 2015 - Race 8, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?RACE=8&BorP=P&TID=SA&CTRY=USA&DT=02/07/2015&DAY=D&STYLE=EQB, website=Equibase, access-date=February 7, 2015, format=PDF, date=February 7, 2015 {{cite web, title=Del Mar - July 23, 2016 - Race 9, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/chartEmb.cfm?track=DMR&raceDate=07/23/2016&cy=USA&rn=9, website=Equibase, access-date=July 24, 2016 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=SA&dt=03/08/2014&ctry=USA&race=5 , title=Santa Anita Park – March 8, 2014 – Race 5 , format=PDF , publisher=Equibase , date=March 8, 2014 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, title=Santa Anita Park - January 9, 2016 - Race 8, url=http://www.equibase.com/static/chart/pdf/SA010916USA8.pdf, website=Equibase, access-date=January 9, 2016, date=January 9, 2016{{dead link, date=July 2017 , bot=InternetArchiveBot , fix-attempted=yes {{cite web, title=Trainers , url=http://www.santaanita.com/the-park/our-crowd/trainers , publisher=Santa Anita Park , access-date=May 14, 2014 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140403062407/http://www.santaanita.com/the-park/our-crowd/trainers , archive-date=April 3, 2014 {{cite web, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/eqbPDFChartPlus.cfm?BORP=P&STYLE=EQB&DAY=D&tid=SA&dt=04/05/2014&ctry=USA&race=8 , title=Santa Anita Park- April 5, 2014 – Race 8 , format=PDF , publisher=Equibase , date=April 5, 2014 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, last=Schwartz, first=Ian, title=California Chrome's Owners Back In Yuba City, Ready To Continue Horse's Success , url=http://sacramento.cbslocal.com/2014/05/07/california-chrome-owners-back-in-yuba-city-ready-to-continue-horses-success/ , publisher=CBS Sacramento , access-date=May 8, 2014 , date=May 7, 2014 {{cite web, last=Scoby, first=Ashley, title=Winner's Circle of Friends, url=http://espn.go.com/espnw/news-commentary/article/10868037/espnw-kentucky-derby-favorite-california-chrome-already-won-hearts-owners-denise-martin-carolyn-coburn, publisher=ESPNW , access-date=May 5, 2014, date=May 1, 2014 {{cite web, last=Jack Shinar, title=California Chrome Shines Again in San Felipe, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/83728/california-chrome-shines-again-in-san-felipe , work=Blood-Horse , date=March 8, 2014, access-date=March 25, 2014 {{cite web, last=Shinar, first=Jack, title=California Chrome Was Flashy From the Start, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/84651/california-chrome-was-flashy-from-the-start , work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 8, 2014, date=May 3, 2014 {{cite web, last=Shinar, first=Jack, title=Distance Key to Beating Chrome, Trainers Say, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85369/distance-key-to-beating-chrome-trainers-say, work=Blood-Horse, access-date=May 29, 2014, date=May 29, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Shinar, first1=Jack, title=California Chrome Taking it Easy at Los Al, url=https://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/85638/california-chrome-taking-it-easy-at-los-al, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=June 19, 2014, date=June 11, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Shinar, first1=Jack, title=California Chrome Returning Early From Break, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/86111/california-chrome-returning-early-from-break, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=July 11, 2014, date=July 10, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Shinar, first1=Jack, title=Bayern Wins Breeders' Cup Classic Slugfest, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/88508/bayern-wins-breeders-cup-classic-slugfest, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=November 2, 2014, date=November 1, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Shinar, first1=Jack, title=California Chrome Will Campaign in 2015, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/88593/california-chrome-will-campaign-in-2015, website=Blood-Horse, access-date=November 6, 2014, date=November 5, 2013 {{cite web, last1=Shinar, first1=Jack, title=California Chrome Sparkles in Hollywood Derby, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/88971/california-chrome-sparkles-in-hollywood-derby, website=Blood Horse, access-date=November 29, 2014, date=November 29, 2014 {{cite web, last=Staff, title=California Chrome wakes up for pre-Derby gallop , url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/california-chrome-wakes-pre-derby-gallop , agency=Associated Press , access-date=April 30, 2014 {{cite web, author1=Staff, title=Prince Rules The World, url=http://www.sportinglife.com/racing/report/664646/prince-rules-the-world, website=Sporting Life, publisher=Sky Sports, access-date=March 28, 2015, date=March 28, 2015, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307030435/http://www.sportinglife.com/racing/report/664646/prince-rules-the-world, archive-date=March 7, 2016 {{cite web, last1=Strassburger, first1=John, title=California Chrome—Simply Awesome, url=https://www.equisearch.com/HorseJournal/california-chromesimply-awesome-26286, website=Horse Journal, access-date=December 26, 2014, date=December 2, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Stumes, first1=Larry, title=California Chrome trainer Sherman expects more good things, url=http://www.sfgate.com/sports/article/California-Chrome-trainer-Sherman-expects-more-5553298.php, website=SF Gate, access-date=June 19, 2014, date=June 14, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Stumes, first1=Larry, title=Sherman says California Chrome's ready to run in Dubai, url=http://www.sfgate.com/sports/article/Sherman-says-California-Chrome-s-ready-to-run-6161728.php, website=SF Gate, access-date=March 28, 2015, date=March 26, 2015 {{cite web, last=Sullivan, first=Tim, title=First 70 yards foremost in Sherman's mind, url=http://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/columnists/sullivan/2014/05/15/tim-sullivan-first-yards-foremost-shermans-mind/2145516/ , work=Courier-Journal, access-date=May 19, 2014, date=May 15, 2014 {{cite web, title=California Chrome - Taylor Made Stallions, url=http://www.taylormadestallions.com/horses/california-chrome-24702.html, website=Taylor Made Stallions, access-date=January 29, 2017 {{cite web, last1=Thompson, first1=Templeton, title=Bring it on Home, Chrome, url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdQS08KqqFE, archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/vdQS08KqqFE, archive-date=2021-11-14 , url-status=live, publisher=YouTube, access-date=June 2, 2014, format=music video, date=May 24, 2014{{cbignore {{cite web, title=Family 21: Moonah Barb Mare , url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricDams/EngFoundationMares/Family21/Family21.html , publisher=Thoroughbred Heritage, access-date=June 4, 2014 {{cite journal, first=Whitney , last=Tower , url=https://www.si.com/vault/1959/06/01/604020/the-man-the-horse-and-the-deal-that-made-history , title=The Man, The Horse And The Deal That Made History , journal=Sports Illustrated , date=June 1, 1959 , access-date=June 10, 2013 {{cite web, title=Unbridled's Song, url=http://www.equineline.com/Free-5X-Pedigree.cfm?page_state=ORDER_AND_CONFIRM&reference_number=1392779®istry=T&horse_name=Unbridled's%20Song&dam_name=Trolley%20Song&foaling_year=1993&nicking_stats_indicator=Y , publisher=Equineline , access-date=May 29, 2014 {{cite web, author=staff , url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/horseracing/2013/12/23/hollywood-park-closes-after-75-years/4176389/ , title=Hollywood Park closes after 75 years , work=USA Today , date=December 23, 2013 , access-date=April 8, 2014 {{cite web, last=Staff, title=California Chrome leads wire-to-wire to win San Felipe, url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/horseracing/2014/03/08/horse-racing-california-chrome-runs-wire-to-wire-to-win-san-felipe/6210023/, work=USA Today, access-date=April 10, 2014, date=March 8, 2014 {{cite web, title=California Chrome is Vox Populi Award Winner, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/89305/california-chrome-is-vox-populi-award-winner , website=Blood-Horse, access-date=December 26, 2014, date=December 26, 2014 {{cite news , title=Favorite California Chrome wins Kentucky Derby at Churchill Downs , last=Walker , first=Childs , work=Baltimore Sun , url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/sports/horse-racing/bal-kentucky-derby-2014-california-chrome-20140503-story.html , date=May 3, 2014 , access-date=December 11, 2019 {{cite web, title=War Emblem, url=http://www.equibase.com/profiles/Results.cfm?type=Horse&refno=4978115®istry=T , publisher=Equibase , access-date=May 20, 2014 {{cite web, last=Watchmaker, first=Mike, title=Grading the Final Derby Preps , url=http://www.drf.com/blogs/grading-final-derby-preps , work=Daily Racing Form , access-date=April 19, 2014, date=April 19, 2014 {{cite web, last1=Werner, first1=Barry, title=Arrogate bests California Chrome to win the $12 million Pegasus World Cup , url=http://www.foxsports.com/horse-racing/story/arrogate-wins-the-12-million-pegasus-world-cup-012817, website=FOX Sports, access-date=January 28, 2017, date=January 28, 2017 {{cite web, last=Wieber, first=Aubrey, title=Shod For Success, url=http://www.postregister.com/articles/featured-news/2014/05/29/shod-success, work=Post-Register, access-date=May 30, 2014, date=May 29, 2014, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924080549/http://www.postregister.com/articles/featured-news/2014/05/29/shod-success, archive-date=September 24, 2015 {{cite web, last1=Wilson, first1=Art, title=Factually speaking, Santa Anita Derby is rich in history, url=http://www.sgvtribune.com/sports/20110407/factually-speaking-santa-anita-derby-is-rich-in-history, website=San Gabriel Valley Tribune, access-date=July 23, 2014, date=April 6, 2011 {{cite web, last=Wincze Hughes, first=Alicia, title=One brother's joy another's regret on California Chrome's road to a Triple Crown , url=https://www.kansascity.com/sports/other-sports/article355011/One-brothers-joy-anothers-regret-on-California-Chromes-road-to-a-Triple-Crown.html, work=The Kansas City Star , access-date=December 11, 2019, date=May 12, 2012 {{cite web, last1=Wincze Hughes, first1=Alicia, title=Arrogate Turns Pegasus World Cup Into One-Horse Show, url=http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/219451/arrogate-turns-pegasus-world-cup-into-one-horse-show, website=Blood Horse, access-date=January 28, 2017, language=en, date=January 28, 2017 {{cite web, title=Los Alamitos Race Course - December 17, 2016 - Race 9, url=http://www.equibase.com/premium/chartEmb.cfm?track=LRC&raceDate=12/17/2016&cy=USA&rn=9, website=Equibase, access-date=January 28, 2017, date=December 17, 2016 {{cite web, last=Yurong, first=Dale, title=Valley horse rates as favorite to win Kentucky Derby, url=http://abclocal.go.com/kfsn/story?section=news%2Flocal&id=9525558, publisher=KFSN-TV, abc30.com, access-date=May 7, 2014, date=May 2, 2014, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508030629/http://abclocal.go.com/kfsn/story?section=news%2Flocal&id=9525558, archive-date=May 8, 2014, url-status=dead {{cite web, last1=Zaccardi, first1=Nick, title=How Exactly Do You Become a 'Chromie'?, url=http://www.nbcsports.com/horse-racing/countdown-triple-crown/how-exactly-do-you-become-chromie, publisher=NBC Sports, access-date=June 6, 2014, date=June 4, 2014, url-status=dead, archive-url=https://archive.today/20140606064832/http://www.nbcsports.com/horse-racing/countdown-triple-crown/how-exactly-do-you-become-chromie, archive-date=June 6, 2014, df=mdy-all {{cite web, author=Zieralski, Ed, url=http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/Apr/02/horse-racing-california-chrome-kentucky-derby/, title=California Chrome has the shine of a Derby champ, website=U-T San Diego, date=April 2, 2014, access-date=April 16, 2014, url-status=dead, archive-url=https://archive.today/20140416184909/http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/Apr/02/horse-racing-california-chrome-kentucky-derby/, archive-date=April 16, 2014, df=mdy-all {{cite web, last=Zieralski, first=Ed, title=California Chrome huge favorite in Preakness, url=http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/may/14/horse-racing-preakness-stakes-draw/, 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Chrome gets No. 1 post for PA Derby, url=http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/sep/15/california-chrome-post-pa-derby/, website=U-T San Diego, access-date=September 15, 2014, date=September 15, 2014


Sources

{{refbegin * {{cite video , title=Baffert Done Challenging California Chrome , url=http://www.hrtv.com/videos/baffert-done-challenging-california-chrome/ , publisher=HRTV , access-date=May 19, 2014 , medium=online video , date=May 17, 2014 , ref={{sfnRef, HRTV17May , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519223802/http://www.hrtv.com/videos/baffert-done-challenging-california-chrome/ , archive-date=May 19, 2014 , df=mdy-all * {{cite book, last1=Drape, first1=Joe, title=The Race for the Triple Crown: Horses, High Stakes, and Eternal Hope, date=2002 , publisher=Grove Press , isbn=978-0-8021-9645-3 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PE25eRuXs94C , edition=reprint * {{cite video, title=Espinoza Has Great rapport With California Chrome, url=http://www.hrtv.com/videos/espinoza-has-great-rapport-with-california-chrome/?VideoCategoryId=0, publisher=HRTV.com, access-date=May 19, 2014, medium=online video, date=March 9, 2014, ref={{sfnRef, HRTV19Mar, url-status=dead, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519222143/http://www.hrtv.com/videos/espinoza-has-great-rapport-with-california-chrome/?VideoCategoryId=0, archive-date=May 19, 2014, df=mdy-all * {{cite video , url=http://grantland.com/features/its-not-crazy-its-sports-chrome/ , title=It's Not Crazy, It's Sports: 'Chrome', publisher= ESPN films, access-date=March 8, 2015, medium=online video, date=March 6, 2015, ref={{sfnRef, Grantland * {{cite video, title=HRTV Presents California Chrome, url=http://www.hrtv.com/videos/hrtv-presents-california-chrome/?VideoCategoryId=0, publisher=HRTV, access-date=June 4, 2014, medium=online video, date=June 1, 2014, ref={{sfnRef, HRTV1June, url-status=dead, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606205028/http://www.hrtv.com/videos/hrtv-presents-california-chrome/?VideoCategoryId=0, archive-date=June 6, 2014, df=mdy-all * {{cite video, title=Kentucky Derby 140: Ep. 5 – 3 yr. old takes 76 yr. old to the Kentucky Derby , url=http://www.kentuckyderby.com/news/videos/kentucky-derby-140-ep-5-3-yr-old-takes-76-yr-old-kentucky-derby/ , publisher=Kentuckyderby.com , access-date=April 12, 2014 , medium=online video , date=December 29, 2013 , ref={{sfnRef, KD140 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413125929/http://www.kentuckyderby.com/news/videos/kentucky-derby-140-ep-5-3-yr-old-takes-76-yr-old-kentucky-derby/ , archive-date=April 13, 2014 * {{cite AV media, people=Penna, Mike , title=Alan Sherman Interview – April 5, 2014 , medium=podcast , publisher=Horse Racing Radio Network (HRRN) , date=April 5, 2014 , url=http://horseracingradio.net/episode/alan-sherman-interview-–-april-5-2014 , ref={{sfnRef, HRRN , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921231135/http://horseracingradio.net/episode/alan-sherman-interview-%E2%80%93-april-5-2014 , archive-date=September 21, 2015 , df=mdy {{refend


External links

{{Commons category
"Growing Up California Chrome", video of California Chrome as a young horseVideo of California Chrome in the starting gate at the Kentucky DerbyPhoto of post- Belmont hoof injury of California Chromeand close-upDaily Racing Form photo of Matterhorn and California Chrome at start
{{Kentucky Derby Winners {{Preakness Stakes Winners 2011 racehorse births American Grade 1 Stakes winners Kentucky Derby winners Preakness Stakes winners Racehorses bred in California Thoroughbred family A4 Racehorses trained in the United States Eclipse Award winners Dubai World Cup winners American Thoroughbred Horse of the Year