The bilingual status of gminas (municipalities) in

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

is regulated by the ''Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages'', which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, w ...

. So far 44 gminas have done this:

Polish/German

Polish/

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

bilingual gminas (''Gemeinden'') in *

Opole Voivodeship Opole Voivodeship, or Opole Province ( pl, województwo opolskie ), is the smallest and least populated voivodeship (province) of Poland. The province's name derives from that of the region's capital and largest city, Opole. It is part of Upper S ...

(28 municipalities) ** Gmina Biała / Gemeinde Zülz (since 06.03.2006) **

Gmina Bierawa Gmina Bierawa, German Gemeinde Birawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kędzierzyn-Koźle County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Bierawa, which lies approximately south-east of Kędzierzyn-Ko ...

/ Gemeinde Birawa (since 23.04.2007) **

Gmina Chrząstowice Gmina Chrząstowice, German: Gemeinde Chronstau is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Chrząstowice, which lies approximately east of the regional capi ...

/ Gemeinde Chronstau (since 25.01.2006) **

Gmina Cisek __NOTOC__ Gmina Cisek, German Gemeinde Czissek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kędzierzyn-Koźle County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Cisek (Czissek), which lies approximately south of Kę ...

/ Gemeinde Czissek ** Gmina Dobrodzień / Gemeinde Guttentag (since 13.05.2009) **

Gmina Dobrzeń Wielki __NOTOC__ Gmina Dobrzeń Wielki, German Gemeinde Groß Döbern is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Dobrzeń Wielki, which lies approximately north-west ...

/ Gemeinde Groß Döbern (since 22.04.2009) **

Gmina Głogówek __NOTOC__ Gmina Głogówek, German Gemeinde Oberglogau is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, on the Czech border in Upper Silesia. Its seat is the town of Głogówek (Oberg ...

/ Gemeinde Oberglogau (since 22.04.2009) **

Gmina Gogolin __NOTOC__ Gmina Gogolin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krapkowice County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Gogolin, which lies approximately north-east of Krapkowice and south of the regi ...

/ Gemeinde Gogolin **

Gmina Izbicko __NOTOC__ Gmina Izbicko, German Gemeinde Stubendorf, is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Strzelce County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Izbicko, which lies approximately north-west of Strzelce ...

/ Gemeinde Stubendorf (since 06.03.2006) ** Gmina Jemielnica / Gemeinde Himmelwitz (since 28.08.2006) **

Gmina Kolonowskie __NOTOC__ Gmina Kolonowskie, German Gemeinde Colonnowska is an urban-rural gmina (municipality) in Strzelce County, Opole Voivodeship, in Upper Silesia in Poland. Its seat is the town of Kolonowskie (Colonnowska), which lies approximately north-e ...

/ Gemeinde Colonnowska (since 22.09.2006) **

Gmina Komprachcice __NOTOC__ Gmina Komprachcice, German: Gemeinde Comprachtschütz is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Komprachcice (Comprachtschütz), which lies approx ...

/ Gemeinde Comprachtschütz (since 04.06.2009) **

Gmina Lasowice Wielkie __NOTOC__ Gmina Lasowice Wielkie, German Gemeinde Gross Lassowitz is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kluczbork County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Lasowice Wielkie, which lies approximately s ...

/ Gemeinde Gross Lassowitz (since 18.10.2006) **

Gmina Leśnica __NOTOC__ Gmina Leśnica, German Gemeinde Leschnitz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Strzelce County, Opole Voivodeship, in Upper Silesia in Poland. Its seat is the town of Leśnica (Leschnitz), which lies approximately south-w ...

/ Gemeinde Leschnitz (since 17.05.2006) **

Gmina Łubniany __NOTOC__ Gmina Łubniany, German Gemeinde Lugnian is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Łubniany (Lugnian), which lies approximately north of the regi ...

/ Gemeinde Lugnian **

Gmina Murów __NOTOC__ Gmina Murów, (German: ''Gemeinde Murow)'' is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Murów (Murow), which lies approximately north of the regiona ...

/ Gemeinde Murow (since 22.04.2009) **

Gmina Pawłowiczki __NOTOC__ Gmina Pawłowiczki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kędzierzyn-Koźle County, Opole Voivodeship, in southwestern Poland. Its seat is the village of Pawłowiczki, which lies approximately southwest of Kędzierzyn-Koźle and ...

/ Gemeinde Gnadenfeld **

Gmina Polska Cerekiew __NOTOC__ Gmina Polska Cerekiew, German Gemeinde Groß Neukirch is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kędzierzyn-Koźle County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Polska Cerekiew (Groß Neukirch), which ...

/ Gemeinde Groß Neukirch **

Gmina Popielów __NOTOC__ Gmina Popielów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Popielów, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Opole. The gmina ...

/ Gemeinde Poppelau **

Gmina Prószków __NOTOC__ Gmina Prószków, German Gemeinde Proskau is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Prószków (Proskau), which lies approximately south-west o ...

/ Gemeinde Proskau (since 11.07.2006) ** Gmina Radłów / Gemeinde Radlau (since 25.01.2006) **

Gmina Reńska Wieś __NOTOC__ Gmina Reńska Wieś, German Gemeinde Reinschdorf is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kędzierzyn-Koźle County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Reńska Wieś (Reinschdorf), which lies appr ...

/ Gemeinde Reinschdorf (since 26.10.2006) **

Gmina Strzeleczki __NOTOC__ Gmina Strzeleczki, German Gemeinde Klein Strehlitz is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krapkowice County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Strzeleczki (Klein Strehlitz), which lies approxim ...

/ Gemeinde Klein Strehlitz (since 17.05.2006) **

Gmina Tarnów Opolski __NOTOC__ Gmina Tarnów Opolski, German Gemeinde Tarnau is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Tarnów Opolski (Tarnau), which lies approximately south-ea ...

/ Gemeinde Tarnau (since 15.02.2007) **

Gmina Turawa __NOTOC__ Gmina Turawa, German Gemeinde Turawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Turawa, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital ...

/ Gemeinde Turawa (since 12.09.2008) ** Gmina Ujazd / Gemeinde Ujest (since 28.08.2006) ** Gmina Walce / Gemeinde Walzen (since 04.04.2006) **

Gmina Zębowice __NOTOC__ Gmina Zębowice, German Gemeinde Zembowitz is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Olesno County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Zębowice (Zembowitz), which lies approximately south of Ole ...

/ Gemeinde Zembowitz (since 23.10.2007) *

Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province ( pl, województwo śląskie ) is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centered on the historic region known as Upper Silesia ('), with Katowice serving as its capital. Despite the Silesian ...

(3 municipalities) ** Gmina Krzanowice / Gemeinde Kranowitz ** Gmina Rudnik / Gemeinde Rudnik **

Gmina Sośnicowice __NOTOC__ Gmina Sośnicowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gliwice County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Sośnicowice, which lies approximately west of Gliwice and west of the regional ...

/ Gemeinde Kieferstädtel Other gminas in

and

which would be permitted by the Act to make German an auxiliary language are

Olesno Olesno is a town in Opole Voivodship, Poland about north-east of the city of Opole. It is the capital of Olesno County and seat of the Gmina Olesno. History The area near the ancient Amber Road had been settled since the Neolithic era. Olesno ...

and

Pawłowiczki Pawłowiczki () is a village in Kędzierzyn-Koźle County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Pawłowiczki. It lies approximately south-west of Kędzierzyn-Koźle and so ...

Polish/Kashubian

Polish/ Kashubian bilingual gminas in

Pomeranian Voivodeship Pomeranian Voivodeship, Pomorskie Region, or Pomerania Province (Polish: ''Województwo pomorskie'' ; ( Kashubian: ''Pòmòrsczé wòjewództwò'' ), is a voivodeship, or province, in northwestern Poland. The provincial capital is Gdańsk. The ...

: *

Gmina Linia __NOTOC__ Gmina Linia ( csb, Gmina Lëniô) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Linia, which lies approximately south-west of Wejherowo and west ...

(''Gmina Lëniô''; since 23.04.2012) *

Gmina Luzino __NOTOC__ Gmina Luzino ( csb, Gmina Lëzëno) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Luzino, which lies approximately south-west of Wejherowo and nort ...

(''Gmina Lëzëno''; since 21.02.2014) *

Gmina Parchowo __NOTOC__ Gmina Parchowo ( csb, Gmina Parchòwò) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Parchowo, which lies approximately north-east of Bytów and west ...

(''Gmina Parchòwò''; since 16.08.2006) *

Gmina Sierakowice __NOTOC__ Gmina Sierakowice ( csb, Gmina Sërakòjce) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Sierakowice, which lies approximately west of Kartuzy and ...

(''Gmina Serakòwice''; since 23.10.2007) *

Gmina Żukowo __NOTOC__ Gmina Żukowo ( csb, Gmina Żukòwò) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Żukowo, which lies approximately east of Kartuzy and west ...

(''Gmina Żukòwò''; since 17.07.2013)

Polish/Lithuanian

Polish/ Lithuanian bilingual gmina in

Podlaskie Voivodeship Podlaskie Voivodeship or Podlasie Province ( pl, Województwo podlaskie, ) is a voivodeship (province) in northeastern Poland. The name of the province and its territory correspond to the historic region of Podlachia. The capital and largest cit ...

: *

Gmina Puńsk __NOTOC__ Gmina Puńsk ( lt, Punsko valsčius) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sejny County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, on the Lithuanian border. Its seat is the village of Puńsk, which lies approximately north- ...

(''Punsko valsčius''; since 25.05.2006)

Polish/Belarusian

Polish/ Belarusian bilingual gmina in

: *

Hajnówka Hajnówka (; be, Гайнаўка, ''Hajnaŭka''; uk, Гайнівка, ''Hainivka''; yi, האַדזשנאָװקאַ, ''Hachnovka''; russian: Хайнувка) is a town and a powiat seat in eastern Poland ( Podlaskie Voivodeship) with 21,442 ...

-urban gmina (''Гайнаўка'') on 3 December 2007 * Gmina Czyże (''Гміна Чыжы'') on 8 February 2010 *

Gmina Hajnówka __NOTOC__ Gmina Hajnówka ( Belarusian: Гміна Гайнаўка) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, on the border with Belarus. Its seat is the town of Hajnówka, alt ...

-rural gmina (''Гміна Гайнаўка'') on 28 May 2010 *

Gmina Narewka __NOTOC__ Gmina Narewka ( be, Гміна Нараўка) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, on the border with Belarus. Its seat is the village of Narewka, which lies a ...

(''Гміна Нараўка'') on 16 September 2009 *

Gmina Orla __NOTOC__ Gmina Orla ( be, Гміна Орля) is a rural gmina ( pl, gmina wiejska) in Bielsk County, Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is located in north-eastern Poland. It is one of five Polish/ Belarusian bilingual Gmina in Podlaskie Voivodeship ...

(''Гміна Орля'') on 7 May 2009

Polish/Lemko

Polish/

Lemko Lemkos ( rue, Лeмкы, translit= Lemkŷ; pl, Łemkowie; uk, Лемки, translit=Lemky) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Lemko Region ( rue, Лемковина, translit=Lemkovyna; uk, Лемківщина, translit=Lemkivshchyna) of C ...

bilingual names of localities in Małopolskie Voivodeship: * Gmina Gorlice: Bielanka *

Gmina Uście Gorlickie __NOTOC__ Gmina Uście Gorlickie is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Gorlice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland, on the Slovak border. Its seat is the village of Uście Gorlickie, which lies approximately south of Gor ...

Blechnarka Blechnarka ( ukr, Бліхнарка) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Uście Gorlickie, within Gorlice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the border with Slovakia. It lies approximately south-eas ...

, Gładyszów, Konieczna, Kunkowa, Nowica, Regietów, Ropki,

Zdynia Zdynia ( rue, Ждыня, uk, Ждиня, ''Zhdynia'') is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Uście Gorlickie, within Gorlice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the border with Slovakia. It lies approxi ...

Gallery

Image:Bielanka.jpg, Polish/Lemko place-name sign in Bielanka Image:Ulica_Księdza_Kossak-Główczewskiego,_Jastarnia_-_001.JPG, Polish/Kashubian street name sign in

Jastarnia Jastarnia ( csb, Jastarniô, german: Heisternest) is a resort town in Puck County, Pomeranian Voivodship, northern Poland. It is located on the Hel Peninsula on the Baltic Sea. It is a popular Polish seaside resort and small fishing port. The ...

Image:Dolina_Jadwigi_znak.jpg, Polish/Kashubian road sign with the village name ( Dolina Jadwigi) Image:Oleksze1.jpg, Bilingual Polish/Belarusian sign in Oleksze Image:Kosorowice.jpeg, Polish/German place-name sign in Kosorowice

References

External links

* Maciej Zych
''Minority place names in Poland''
United Nations Group of Experts in Geographical Names. Twenty-sixth session. Vienna 2–6 May 2011. Working Paper no. 3.
''List of minority place names in Poland according to Register of the communes where place-names in minority language are used provided by Ministry of Administration and Digitization as of April 9, 2019.''
{{Languages of Poland B Linguistic rights Languages of Poland Regions of Europe with multiple official languages