Bien De Interés Cultural
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A Bien de Interés Cultural is a category of the heritage register in
Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
. The term is also used in
Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...
and other Spanish-speaking countries. The term literally means a "good of cultural interest" ("
good In most contexts, the concept of good denotes the conduct that should be preferred when posed with a choice between possible actions. Good is generally considered to be the opposite of evil and is of interest in the study of ethics, morality, ph ...
s" in the economic sense) and includes not only material heritage (
cultural property Cultural property does not have a universal definition, but it is commonly considered to be tangible (physical, material) items that are part of the cultural heritage of a group or society, as opposed to less tangible cultural expressions. They in ...
), like monuments or movable works of art, but also
intangible cultural heritage An intangible cultural heritage (ICH) is a practice, representation, expression, knowledge, or skill considered by UNESCO to be part of a place's cultural heritage. Buildings, historic places, monuments, and artifacts are cultural property. Int ...
, such as the Silbo Gomero language. Some ''bienes'' enjoy international protection as
World Heritage Site A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for h ...
s or
Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity The Proclamation of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity was made by the Director-General of UNESCO starting in 2001 to raise awareness of intangible cultural heritage and encourage local communities to protect them and t ...
.


History

In Spain, the category of ''Bien de Interés Cultural'' dates from 1985 when it replaced the former heritage category of '' Monumento nacional ''(national monument) in order to extend protection to a wider range of
cultural property Cultural property does not have a universal definition, but it is commonly considered to be tangible (physical, material) items that are part of the cultural heritage of a group or society, as opposed to less tangible cultural expressions. They in ...
. The category has been translated as "Cultural Interest Asset". ''Monumentos'' are now identified as one of the sub-categories of ''Bien de Interés Cultural.''


Sub-categories

The movable heritage designated as ''Bienes de Interés Cultural'' ("Cultural Interest Assets") includes archeological artefacts, archives and large works of art. Such protected objects may well be kept in a building which is itself a BIC. *Non-movable heritage is divided into the following classifications: ** ''Monumento'' (monument) **''
Conjunto histórico In Spain, the legal designation ''Conjunto histórico'' (formerly ''Conjunto Histórico-Artístico'' or "Historic-Artistic Grouping") is part of the national system of heritage listing. It is applied to buildings in a given locality. It is typicall ...
'' (historical ensemble, group or set) **''
Jardín histórico A jardín histórico is a Spanish historic garden. In Spain ''Jardín histórico'' is a heritage listing which protects historic gardens. (The English equivalent would be the English Heritage 'Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of special histor ...
'' (historical garden, e.g. the
Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid ' ( Spanish for ''Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid'') is an botanical garden in Madrid (Spain). The public entrance is located at , next to the Prado Museum. History The garden was founded on October 17, 1755, by King Ferdinand VI, and ...
) **''Sitio histórico'' (literally a historic site, the term is used for cultural landscapes, e.g. Riotinto mines) **''Zona arqueológica'' (archaeological area or zone, e.g. Archaeological site of Atapuerca)


Regional variants

Under the Spanish system, regions maintain their own registers of cultural heritage (see
Patrimonio histórico español Patrimonio histórico español is a term for Spain's heritage, including National Heritage Sites. The Ministry of Culture has a department, the ''Subdirección General de Protección del Patrimonio Histórico'' ("Bureau of Protection of Historical H ...
). There have been some differences in approach between
autonomous communities eu, autonomia erkidegoa ca, comunitat autònoma gl, comunidade autónoma oc, comunautat autonòma an, comunidat autonoma ast, comunidá autónoma , alt_name = , map = , category = Autonomous administra ...
. An example is bullfighting (which at a national level is now regulated by the Ministry of Culture). Madrid's regional government considers that bullfighting events should be protected as cultural heritage, whereas in Catalonia a ban on bullfighting came into effect in 2012, although this was later overturned by the
Supreme Court A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts in most legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, apex court, and high (or final) court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of ...
.


See also

*
Lists of Bienes de Interés Cultural Bien de Interés Cultural is a category in the Spanish heritage register. It covers various types of cultural heritage, which fall into sub-categories such as monuments, historic gardens, etc. By province * A Coruña * Álava * Albacete * Ali ...
*
Patrimonio histórico español Patrimonio histórico español is a term for Spain's heritage, including National Heritage Sites. The Ministry of Culture has a department, the ''Subdirección General de Protección del Patrimonio Histórico'' ("Bureau of Protection of Historical H ...


References


External links


Declaran Bien de Interés Cultural de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela la canción Alma Llanera

The Protection of Historic Properties: A Comparative Study of Administrative ...By Consuelo Olimpia Sanz Salla

Procedimiento y proceso administrativo práctico, Volume 2

XX Jornadas del Patrimmonio Cultural de la Región de MurciaBy Pedro Collado y José Antonio Melgares (coord.)

Boletin de la Real Academia de la Historia. TOMO CCII. NUMERO III. AÑO 2005By Vv.aa

Cuerpo Tecnico de la Comunidad Autonoma de Extremadura. Especialidad ..

Código de la Administración Gallega By Jaime Rodriguez-Arana Muñoz, Miguel Ángel Sendín García

Manual de arte rupestre de CundinamarcaBy Alvaro Botiva Contreras

XXII Jornadas de Patrimonio Cultural de la Región de MurciaBy Varios Autores

Los tesoros del mar y su régimen jurídicoBy Jesús Ignacio Fernández Domingo

Código legislativo de CantabriaBy Cantabria
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bien de Interes Cultural Spanish culture Venezuelan culture Law of Spain