Berlin, New Hampshire
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Berlin ( ) is a city along the
Androscoggin River The Androscoggin River ( Abenaki: ''Aləssíkαntekʷ'') is a river in the U.S. states of Maine and New Hampshire, in northern New England. It is U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map, ...
in Coös County in northern
New Hampshire New Hampshire is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...
, United States. It is the northernmost city in New Hampshire. The population was 9,425 at the 2020 census, down from 10,051 at the 2010 census. It includes the village of
Cascade Cascade, Cascades or Cascading may refer to: Science and technology Science *Cascade waterfalls, or series of waterfalls * Cascade, the CRISPR-associated complex for antiviral defense (a protein complex) * Cascade (grape), a type of fruit * Bioc ...
in the south part of the city. Located in New Hampshire's Great North Woods Region or "North Country", Berlin sits at the edge of the White Mountains, and the city's boundaries extend into the
White Mountain National Forest The White Mountain National Forest (WMNF) is a federally managed forest contained within the White Mountains in the northeastern United States. It was established in 1918 as a result of the Weeks Act of 1911; federal acquisition of land had alrea ...
. Berlin is home to the Berlin and Coos County Historical Society's Moffett House Museum & Genealogy Center, Service Credit Union Heritage Park, the Berlin
Fish Hatchery A fish hatchery is a place for artificial breeding, hatching, and rearing through the early life stages of animals—finfish and shellfish in particular.Crespi V., Coche A. (2008) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Gloss ...
, and the
White Mountains Community College White Mountains Community College (WMCC) is a public community college with its main campus in Berlin, New Hampshire, and academic centers in Littleton and North Conway. It is part of the Community College System of New Hampshire. History The ...
, member of the
Community College System of New Hampshire The Community College System of New Hampshire (previously New Hampshire Community Technical Colleges (NHCTC) and prior to that New Hampshire Vocational Technical Colleges (NHVTC)) is an organization of seven public community colleges located thro ...
. Berlin is the principal city of the Berlin Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Coos County, New Hampshire and
Essex County, Vermont Essex County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,920, making it the least-populous county in both Vermont and New England. Its shire town (county seat) is the ...
. Because
Quebec Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...
is less than away, Berlin has many people of
French Canadian French Canadians (referred to as Canadiens mainly before the twentieth century; french: Canadiens français, ; feminine form: , ), or Franco-Canadians (french: Franco-Canadiens), refers to either an ethnic group who trace their ancestry to Fren ...
descent in its population. Around 65% of its residents speak a variant of New England French, which is known locally as "Berlin French". The pronunciation of Berlin was changed to ''BUR-lin'', instead of ''Ber-LIN'' (as in Berlin, Germany), during World War I as a patriotic stand against Germany.


History

Around 11,000 years ago, small groups of Native Americans camped around the area of what is now called Berlin. In later years, the
Eastern Abenaki The Abenaki (Abenaki: ''Wαpánahki'') are an Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands of Canada and the United States. They are an Algonquian-speaking people and part of the Wabanaki Confederacy. The Eastern Abenaki language was pred ...
tribes came to Berlin to mine
rhyolite Rhyolite ( ) is the most silica-rich of volcanic rocks. It is generally glassy or fine-grained (aphanitic) in texture, but may be porphyritic, containing larger mineral crystals (phenocrysts) in an otherwise fine-grained groundmass. The mineral ...
in Mt. Jasper. When
English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...
colonists came to America, Berlin was first granted on December 31, 1771, by Colonial Governor John Wentworth, as "Maynesborough" after Sir William Mayne.Article in ''Statistics and Gazetteer of New-Hampshire (1875)
/ref> But the grantees did not take up their claims, which disappeared with the
Revolution In political science, a revolution (Latin: ''revolutio'', "a turn around") is a fundamental and relatively sudden change in political power and political organization which occurs when the population revolts against the government, typically due ...
. In 1802, Seth Eames and Gideon Tirrell were sent by the descendants of Mayne to explore and mark lots for settlers, and still no one came. Maynesborough was settled in 1823–1824 by William Sessions and his nephew, Cyrus Wheeler. Both men were from
Gilead, Maine Gilead is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. Upon incorporation in 1804, it was named for the large quantity of Balm of Gilead trees in the town center. The population was 195 at the 2020 census. History In the late 1700s, Mas ...
. Farming was the first industry. With 65 inhabitants in 1829, the
New England town The town is the basic unit of Local government in the United States, local government and local division of state authority in the six New England states. Most other U.S. states lack a direct counterpart to the New England town. New England towns ...
was reincorporated on July 1 as Berlin with the help of Cyrus' father, Thomas Wheeler. Situated in a heavily forested region, the community developed early into a center for logging and wood industries. Falls on the
Androscoggin River The Androscoggin River ( Abenaki: ''Aləssíkαntekʷ'') is a river in the U.S. states of Maine and New Hampshire, in northern New England. It is U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map, ...
provided
water power Hydropower (from el, ὕδωρ, "water"), also known as water power, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines. This is achieved by converting the gravitational potential or kinetic energy of a wa ...
for
sawmill A sawmill (saw mill, saw-mill) or lumber mill is a facility where logs are cut into lumber. Modern sawmills use a motorized saw to cut logs lengthwise to make long pieces, and crosswise to length depending on standard or custom sizes (dimensi ...
s. In 1826, a road was built to Gorham by Thomas, Amos, and Daniel Green. In 1851, the St. Lawrence & Atlantic Railroad entered Berlin, connecting it to other markets. Acquiring water, timber, and rail rights in the early 1850s, the H. Winslow & Company built a large sawmill at the head of "Berlin Falls". In 1868, William Wentworth Brown and Lewis T. Brown bought a
controlling interest A controlling interest is an ownership interest in a corporation with enough voting stock shares to prevail in any stockholders' motion. A majority of voting shares (over 50%) is always a controlling interest. When a party holds less than the majo ...
in the business and changed its name to the Berlin Mills Company. By 1885, the
mill town A mill town, also known as factory town or mill village, is typically a settlement that developed around one or more mills or factories, usually cotton mills or factories producing textiles. Europe Italy * ''Crespi d'Adda'', UNESCO World Her ...
was home to several
pulp Pulp may refer to: * Pulp (fruit), the inner flesh of fruit Engineering * Dissolving pulp, highly purified cellulose used in fibre and film manufacture * Pulp (paper), the fibrous material used to make paper * Molded pulp, a packaging material ...
and
paper mill A paper mill is a factory devoted to making paper from vegetable fibres such as wood pulp, old rags, and other ingredients. Prior to the invention and adoption of the Fourdrinier machine and other types of paper machine that use an endless belt, ...
s, including the Riverside Mill, Forest Fibre Company and White Mountain Pulp & Paper Company. Because of the need for labor in the mills,
immigrant Immigration is the international movement of people to a destination country of which they are not natives or where they do not possess citizenship in order to settle as permanent residents or naturalized citizens. Commuters, tourists, and ...
s arrived from
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
,
Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...
,
Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of B ...
,
Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...
,
Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
,
Ireland Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe, north-western Europe. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel (Grea ...
, and
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
. Many others were
French Canadian French Canadians (referred to as Canadiens mainly before the twentieth century; french: Canadiens français, ; feminine form: , ), or Franco-Canadians (french: Franco-Canadiens), refers to either an ethnic group who trace their ancestry to Fren ...
s from nearby
Quebec Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...
. In 1872, a group of
Scandinavia Scandinavia; Sámi languages: /. ( ) is a subregion#Europe, subregion in Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples. In English usage, ''Scandinavia'' most commonly refers to Denmark, ...
ns founded the nation's oldest
ski A ski is a narrow strip of semi-rigid material worn underfoot to glide over snow. Substantially longer than wide and characteristically employed in pairs, skis are attached to ski boots with ski bindings, with either a free, lockable, or partia ...
club, which still exists today. It was originally called the North American Ski Club (in Norwegian, ''Nordamerikansk Skiklubben''), but later was renamed the Nansen Ski Club. This was in honor of
Fridtjof Nansen Fridtjof Wedel-Jarlsberg Nansen (; 10 October 186113 May 1930) was a Norwegian polymath and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. He gained prominence at various points in his life as an explorer, scientist, diplomat, and humanitarian. He led the team t ...
, who in 1888 skied across
Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is t ...
. In 1897, Berlin was incorporated as a city, the northernmost in the state. As of 1874, the Boston and Maine Railway passed through the eastern portion of the town and operated on this line until the 1980s. The old railroad bed has since been converted for usage as an ATV trail. Berlin's main industry in the early 20th century was the pulp and paper industries, which have been in a long decline since that time. As jobs left the area, the population has decreased and is about half its peak of more than 20,000 in the 1930 census. In 1917, the Berlin Mills Company was renamed the
Brown Company The Brown Company, known as the Brown Corporation in Canada, was a pulp and papermaking company based in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. They closed their doors during the 1980s. History H. Winslow & Company In 1852, a group of Portla ...
, because of World War I and anti-German feeling against the enemy of the time. A short time after the
Great Depression The Great Depression (19291939) was an economic shock that impacted most countries across the world. It was a period of economic depression that became evident after a major fall in stock prices in the United States. The economic contagio ...
, the Brown Company went into
receivership In law, receivership is a situation in which an institution or enterprise is held by a receiver—a person "placed in the custodial responsibility for the property of others, including tangible and intangible assets and rights"—especially in ca ...
. Surviving with governmental help, it was bought and sold several times after
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. In 2001, American Tissue filed for bankruptcy, before which it had stopped paying city taxes. Its facilities were purchased in 2002 by Fraser Papers of
Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...
. But in March 2006, Fraser Papers announced the closing of Berlin's
pulp mill A pulp mill is a manufacturing facility that converts wood chips or other plant fiber sources into a thick fiber board which can be shipped to a paper mill for further processing. Pulp can be manufactured using mechanical, semi-chemical, or ful ...
. On May 6, 2006, 250 employees were displaced, some moving to
Cascade Cascade, Cascades or Cascading may refer to: Science and technology Science *Cascade waterfalls, or series of waterfalls * Cascade, the CRISPR-associated complex for antiviral defense (a protein complex) * Cascade (grape), a type of fruit * Bioc ...
's paper finishing mill, but most were left unemployed. On October 3, 2006, the North American Dismantling Corporation of
Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and the ...
announced that it had bought the defunct pulp mill site of Fraser Paper, and would spend a year demolishing the property to allow redevelopment. Laidlaw Energy LLC has since purchased a portion of the former Fraser property, including a large recovery boiler which it intends to convert into a 66-megawatt
biomass Biomass is plant-based material used as a fuel for heat or electricity production. It can be in the form of wood, wood residues, energy crops, agricultural residues, and waste from industry, farms, and households. Some people use the terms bi ...
plant in 2010–2011. In the 1990s, the local historian and author
Paul "Poof" Tardiff Paul may refer to: *Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of people with that name) *Paul (surname), a list of people People Christianity *Paul the Apostle (AD c.5–c.64/65), also known as Saul of Tarsus or Saint Paul, early Chris ...
began writing articles in ''
The Berlin Daily Sun ''The Berlin Sun'' is a two-day (Tuesday and Thursday) free newspaper published in the city of Berlin, New Hampshire, U.S., covering "Berlin, Gorham and the North Country". The newspaper started as a five-day-a-week publication under the title ...
.'' He later collected these in a three-volume series titled ''Once Upon a Berlin Time'', which documents local history. He continued to write articles for the newspaper every Tuesday and Thursday until his death in 2018. Recent economic development has been based on the correctional industry. The 750-bed Northern New Hampshire Correctional Facility was built in 1999 and employs approximately 200 people. In 2012, the
Federal Bureau of Prisons The Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) is a United States federal law enforcement agency under the Department of Justice that is responsible for the care, custody, and control of incarcerated individuals who have committed federal crimes; that i ...
opened a federal, 1200-bed medium security facility, which employs approximately 350 people. File:Main Street, North End, Berlin, NH.jpg, Main Street File:Mount Forest, Berlin, NH.jpg, Mount Forest File:Main Street, Berlin, NH.jpg, Main Street in 1914 File:Post Office Square, Berlin, NH.jpg, Post Office Square File:City Hall, Berlin, NH.jpg, City Hall in 1916 File:Gem Theatre, Berlin, NH.jpg, Gem Theatre in 1917 File:View from Mason St. Bridge, Berlin, NH.jpg, General view File:Berlin Falls (1).jpg, General view File:MainStreetSouth.jpg, Main Street South in 2007 File:GTRailroad.jpg, Grand Trunk Railroad Station 2007 File:04-Berlin.jpg, Berlin waterfront, 2007 File:1915 Russian Church.jpg, A group of Russian immigrants at the Holy Resurrection Orthodox Church in 1915 File:Berlin, NH.jpg, Berlin, File:Berlin, New Hampshire.jpg, City panorama from Mt. Forest, 1970


Geography

Berlin is located at (44.4686, −71.1839), in northern New Hampshire, north of the White Mountains, in the state's North Country region. The city is bordered to the south by Randolph and Gorham, north by
Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
, east by Success and west by
Kilkenny Kilkenny (). is a city in County Kilkenny, Ireland. It is located in the South-East Region and in the province of Leinster. It is built on both banks of the River Nore. The 2016 census gave the total population of Kilkenny as 26,512. Kilken ...
.
New Hampshire Route 16 New Hampshire Route 16 (NH 16) is a , north–south state highway in New Hampshire, United States, the main road connecting the Seacoast region to the Lakes Region and the White Mountains. Much of its length is close to the border with Maine. ...
passes through the center of the city, leading north to Errol and eventually to
Rangeley, Maine Rangeley is a town in Franklin County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,222 at the 2020 census. Rangeley is the center of the Rangeley Lakes Region, a resort area. The town includes the villages of Rangeley and Oquossoc, as well a ...
, and leading south through Gorham and
Pinkham Notch Pinkham Notch (elevation 2032 ft. / 619 m) is a mountain pass in the White Mountains of north-central New Hampshire, United States. The notch is a result of extensive erosion by the Laurentide Ice Sheet during the Wisconsinian ice age. Pin ...
to
North Conway North Conway is a census-designated place (CDP) and village in eastern Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 2,116 at the 2020 census. A year-round resort area, North Conway is the second-largest village within the town ...
and the Seacoast Region of New Hampshire.
New Hampshire Route 110 New Hampshire Route 110 (abbreviated NH 110) is a east–west state highway in Coos County, northern New Hampshire, United States. The road winds through the scenic, mountainous country of New Hampshire north of the White Mountain National Fore ...
leads northwest out of Berlin through West Milan to Groveton. NH 110 is known locally as the Berlin-Groveton Highway. According to the
United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of the ...
, the city has a total area of , of which are land and are water, comprising 1.37% of the city. Berlin is situated at the confluence of the Androscoggin and
Dead Death is the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain an organism. For organisms with a brain, death can also be defined as the irreversible cessation of functioning of the whole brain, including brainstem, and brain ...
rivers. The
Mahoosuc Range The Mahoosuc Range, a northern extension of the White Mountains, straddles the border between New Hampshire and Maine. The range's highest peak, Old Speck Mountain, is the fourth-highest peak in Maine. Substantial parts of the range are publicly ...
is to the southeast. Jericho Mountain State Park, created from a city park and from private land in 2005, is west of the city center and features a
reservoir A reservoir (; from French ''réservoir'' ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam. Such a dam may be either artificial, built to store fresh water or it may be a natural formation. Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including contro ...
created in the 1970s and a network of ATV trails. The city's highest point is Mount Weeks, at above
sea level Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical datuma standardised g ...
. A prominent feature in the landscape of Berlin is Mount Forist, rising over the west side of the city. Approximately half of Berlin lies within the
Connecticut River The Connecticut River is the longest river in the New England region of the United States, flowing roughly southward for through four states. It rises 300 yards (270 m) south of the U.S. border with Quebec, Canada, and discharges at Long Island ...
watershed, and half lies in the
Androscoggin River The Androscoggin River ( Abenaki: ''Aləssíkαntekʷ'') is a river in the U.S. states of Maine and New Hampshire, in northern New England. It is U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map, ...
watershed.


Rivers

*
Androscoggin River The Androscoggin River ( Abenaki: ''Aləssíkαntekʷ'') is a river in the U.S. states of Maine and New Hampshire, in northern New England. It is U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map, ...
*
Dead River (New Hampshire) The Dead River is a river located entirely within the city limits of Berlin, New Hampshire, in the United States. It is a tributary of the Androscoggin River, which flows south from Berlin before turning east at Gorham and into Maine, eventually ...
*
Upper Ammonoosuc River The Upper Ammonoosuc River is a tributary of the Connecticut River that flows through Coös County in the northern part of the northeastern U.S. state of New Hampshire. Despite its name, the river is not an upstream portion of the Ammonoosuc Riv ...


Climate

Like all of northern New England, except the highest mountains, Berlin has a
warm-summer humid continental climate A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and freezing ...
(
Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...
''Dfb'') characterized by cold, snowy winters and warm summers. Warm southerly or easterly airflows from an anticyclone in the Atlantic occasionally moderate the winters: on December 7, 2001 Berlin reached as warm as . Blocks to the west, however, may drive very cold air from eastern Canada and the shallow, frozen Hudson Bay, providing extremely cold winters as occurred in 1917/1918, 1922/1923 and 1933/1934; the coldest temperature recorded in Berlin is on December 30 and 31, 1917. It can be expected that each year on average 68 afternoons will not top freezing, that 34.4 mornings will fall to or below , and that 180.5 mornings will fall to or below freezing point. The average window for days not topping freezing is November 14 to March 29, and for subzero lows from December 11 to March 12. Snowfall is typically heavy at , with the historical range being from between July 1995 and June 1996 to between July 1979 and June 1980. Summer weather is generally moderate, though rain depressions moving from the tropics or strong frontal storms often produce heavy rainfall: the record daily rainfall is on September 17, 1999, beating the previous record of on the same day in 1932. The wettest month has however been September 1954 with and the driest January 1981 with actually consisting of of snow. Calendar year precipitation has ranged from a low of in 2001 to in 1954. Occasionally an offshore flow from the interior United States will produce very hot weather during the summer: the record high is on four occasions: three consecutive days from June 3 to 5 in 1919 and on July 5, 1983.


Demographics

As of the
census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses incl ...
of 2010, there were 10,051 people, 4,178 households, and 2,515 families residing in the town. There were 4,910 housing units, of which 732, or 14.9%, were vacant. The racial makeup of the town was 96.5%
white White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White on ...
, 0.8%
African American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...
, 0.4% Native American, 0.3%
Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area ...
n, 0.0%
Native Hawaiian Native Hawaiians (also known as Indigenous Hawaiians, Kānaka Maoli, Aboriginal Hawaiians, First Hawaiians, or simply Hawaiians) ( haw, kānaka, , , and ), are the indigenous ethnic group of Polynesian people of the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaii ...
or Pacific Islander, 0.2% some other race, and 1.8% from two or more races. 1.5% of the population were
Hispanic The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad. The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to Vic ...
or
Latino Latino or Latinos most often refers to: * Latino (demonym), a term used in the United States for people with cultural ties to Latin America * Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States * The people or cultures of Latin America; ** Latin A ...
of any race. Of the 4,178 households, 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.2% were headed by
married couples Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognized union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children, and between t ...
living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.8% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.2% were someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18, and the average family size was 2.71. 955 city residents lived in group quarters rather than households. In the city, 18.4% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.8% were from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 20.0% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 111.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.6 males. For the period 2011–2015, the estimated median annual income for a household was $35,523, and the median income for a family was $49,103. The
per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or total income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the area's total income by its total population. Per capita i ...
for the town was $21,348. 20.3% of the population and 18.1% of families were below the poverty line. 34.3% of the population under the age of 18 and 11.0% of those 65 or older were living in poverty. The population of Berlin rose rapidly from 1880 through 1930. The population went from 1,144 in 1880 to 20,018 in 1930. A slow decline began after 1930, interrupted only by a temporary increase around 1960. From 1960–present, the population of Berlin has decreased, from 17,821 in 1960 to 9,425 in 2020. In the 1930s, Berlin was at its peak for population and economic growth. The population in 1930 was over 20,000 people, the most the city has ever had. Main Street in downtown had many family-owned businesses which would attract many people in the city. The Nansen Ski Jump just north of the city limits in
Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
was a highlight for Berlin. Built in 1936, it was the largest ski jump in the eastern United States for almost 50 years, until it closed in 1988. It was fully restored in the beginning of 2017.


Government

In the
New Hampshire Senate The New Hampshire Senate has been meeting since 1784. It is the upper house of the New Hampshire General Court, alongside the lower New Hampshire House of Representatives. It consists of 24 members representing Senate districts based on population ...
, Berlin is included in the 1st District and is currently represented by
Republican Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...
Erin Hennessey. In the
New Hampshire House of Representatives The New Hampshire House of Representatives is the lower house in the New Hampshire General Court, the bicameral legislature of the state of New Hampshire. The House of Representatives consists of 400 members coming from 204 legislative district ...
, Berlin is included in the Coös 3rd District and is currently represented by Democrats Eamon Kelley, Larry Laflamme and Republican Robert Theberge. On the
New Hampshire Executive Council The Executive Council of the State of New Hampshire (commonly known as the Governor's Council) is the executive body of the U.S. state of New Hampshire. The Executive Council advises the Governor on all matters and provides a check on the governor ...
, Berlin is in the 1st District and is represented by Republican
Joseph Kenney Joseph D. "Joe" Kenney (born July 12, 1960) is an American politician and member of the Republican Party who represented District 1 of the Executive Council of New Hampshire from 2014 to 2019. He previously served as a member of the New Hamps ...
. In the
United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the Lower house, lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the United States Senate, Senate being ...
, Berlin is in
New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district covers the western, northern, and some southern parts of New Hampshire. It includes the state's second-largest city, Nashua, as well as the state capital, Concord. It is currently represented in the Un ...
and is currently represented by Democrat
Ann McLane Kuster Ann L. McLane Kuster (born September 5, 1956) is an American lawyer and politician serving as the U.S. representative for since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, she previously worked as a lobbyist. Early life and education Kuster was b ...
.


Notable people

*
Gaston Allaire Joseph Georges-Émile Gaston Allaire (18 June 1916 – 15 January 2011) was a Canadian musicologist, organist, pianist, composer, and music educator of American birth."Gaston Allaire, un musicologue qui pursuit son oeuvre à 72 ans", Montrea ...
(1916–2011), music educator and composer in
Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...
*
William Robinson Brown William Robinson "W. R. " Brown (January 17, 1875 – August 4, 1955) was an American corporate officer of the Brown Company of Berlin, New Hampshire. He was also an influential Arabian horse breeder, the founder and owner of the Maynesb ...
(1875–1955), corporate officer of the
Brown Company The Brown Company, known as the Brown Corporation in Canada, was a pulp and papermaking company based in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. They closed their doors during the 1980s. History H. Winslow & Company In 1852, a group of Portla ...
and a noted
horse breeder Horse breeding is reproduction in horses, and particularly the human-directed process of selective breeding of animals, particularly purebred horses of a given breed. Planned matings can be used to produce specifically desired characteristics in ...
*
Robert N. Chamberlain Robert Nelson Chamberlain (July 24, 1856 – September 20, 1917) (sometimes spelled ChamberlinManual for the General Court' by New Hampshire. Dept. of State. 1931. no. 22. pp. 117, 140.) was an American lawyer and Republican politician who serve ...
(1856–1917), Speaker of the
New Hampshire House of Representatives The New Hampshire House of Representatives is the lower house in the New Hampshire General Court, the bicameral legislature of the state of New Hampshire. The House of Representatives consists of 400 members coming from 204 legislative district ...
, second Chief Justice of the
New Hampshire Superior Court The New Hampshire Superior Court is the statewide court of general jurisdiction which provides jury trials in civil and criminal cases. There are 11 locations of the Superior Court, one for each county and two in Hillsborough County. Jurisdictio ...
*
James Gilbert Chandler James Gilbert Chandler (August 4, 1856 – January 17, 1924) was a prominent architect in Racine, Wisconsin. Personal life Chandler was born at Berlin Falls, New Hampshire, on August 4, 1856, to Milton Walker Chandler and Sarah Grover Chandl ...
(1856–1924), architect * Jacalyn "Jackie" Cilley (born 1951), member of the
New Hampshire House of Representatives The New Hampshire House of Representatives is the lower house in the New Hampshire General Court, the bicameral legislature of the state of New Hampshire. The House of Representatives consists of 400 members coming from 204 legislative district ...
, former state senator *
Lew Cody Lew Cody (born Louis Joseph Côté; February 22, 1884 – May 31, 1934) was an American stage and film actor whose career spanned the silent film and early sound film age. He gained notoriety in the late 1910s for playing "male vamps" in films ...
(1884–1934), actor during the 1920s and '30s * William E. Corbin (1869–1951), inventor of the Nibroc
paper towel A paper towel is an absorbent, disposable towel made from paper. In Britain, paper towels for kitchen use are also known as kitchen rolls, kitchen paper, or kitchen towels. For home use, paper towels are usually sold in a roll of perforated shee ...
*
Michael Durant Michael J. Durant (born July 23, 1961) is an American veteran, former pilot, businessman, author, and political candidate. He was involved in the "Black Hawk Down" incident while serving as a U.S. Army pilot, and ran unsuccessfully in the Republ ...
(born 1961), U.S. Army Night Stalkers pilot, shot down and held prisoner after the Battle of Mogadishu * Dennis "Red" Gendron (1957–2021), head coach of the University of Maine Black Bear men's ice hockey team, former New Jersey Devils and Yale Bulldogs coach * Odore Joseph Gendron (1921–2020), former
curate A curate () is a person who is invested with the ''care'' or ''cure'' (''cura'') ''of souls'' of a parish. In this sense, "curate" means a parish priest; but in English-speaking countries the term ''curate'' is commonly used to describe clergy w ...
of Guardian Angel Roman Catholic Church who became
Bishop of Manchester The Bishop of Manchester is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Manchester in the Province of York.'' Crockford's Clerical Directory 2008/2009 (100th edition)'', Church House Publishing (). The current bishop is David Walker w ...
* Bruce Halle (1930-2018), founder of
Discount Tire Discount Tire Company is an independent tire and wheel retailer. Discount Tire operates in most of the lower 48 states in the United States, and is the largest independent tire and wheel retailer in the world. The company is headquartered in ...
* Selden "Sel" Hannah (1913–1991), ski area designer *
Norman Hansen Norman B. Hansen (July 8, 1924 – October 27, 2014) was an American politician and government official who held various positions in Saugus, Massachusetts. He served as town manager from 1987 to 1992 and on four occasions served as temporary Town ...
(1924–2014), engineer, politician * George Hawkins, victim of a bad skin graft that led to the celebrated "Hairy Hand" case of ''
Hawkins v. McGee ''Hawkins v. McGee'', 84 N.H. 114, 146 Atlantic Reporter, A. 641 (New Hampshire Supreme Court, N.H. 1929), is a leading case on damages in contracts handed down by the New Hampshire Supreme Court. It has come to be known as the "Hairy Hand" case f ...
'' *
Ted Hodgdon Ted Hodgdon (1902–1984) was a motorcycle journalist, corporate publicist, motorcycle distribution executive, and antique motorcycle enthusiast. He was an executive in various positions for American Motorcyclist Association, and was one of the fo ...
(1902–1984), motorcycle journalist * James H. Horne (1874–1959), athletic director and coach at
Indiana University Indiana University (IU) is a system of public universities in the U.S. state of Indiana. Campuses Indiana University has two core campuses, five regional campuses, and two regional centers under the administration of IUPUI. *Indiana Universit ...
* Archibald I. Lawrence (1869–1950), architect * Albert E. Martel (?–1965), former government official * John Ramsey (1927–1990), public address announcer *
Elizabeth Raum Elizabeth Raum (born 13 January 1945) is a Canadian oboist and composer. Biography Elizabeth Raum was born in Berlin, New Hampshire in 1945, but became a Canadian citizen in 1985. She studied oboe performance with Robert Sprenkle at the Eastma ...
(born 1945), Canadian
oboist An oboist (formerly hautboist) is a musician who plays the oboe or any oboe family instrument, including the oboe d'amore, cor anglais or English horn, bass oboe and piccolo oboe or oboe musette. The following is a list of notable past and pres ...
, composer *
Lowell Reed Lowell Jacob Reed (January 8, 1886 – April 29, 1966) was 7th president of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. He was born in Berlin, New Hampshire, the son of Jason Reed, a millwright and farmer, and Louella Coffin Reed. Edu ...
(1886–1966), co-creator of the
Reed–Frost model The Reed–Frost model is a mathematical model of epidemics put forth in the 1920s by Lowell Reed and Wade Hampton Frost, of Johns Hopkins University. While originally presented in a talk by Frost in 1928 and used in courses at Hopkins for two d ...
; seventh president of
Johns Hopkins University Johns Hopkins University (Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, or JHU) is a private university, private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 1876, Johns Hopkins is the oldest research university in the United States and in the western hem ...
* Joseph Royer (1884–1965), operatic baritone *
Earl Silas Tupper Earl Silas Tupper (July 28, 1907 – October 3, 1983) was an American businessman and inventor, best known as the inventor of Tupperware, an airtight plastic container for storing food, and for founding the related home products company that bea ...
(1907–1983), inventor of
Tupperware Tupperware is an American home products line that includes preparation, storage, and serving products for the kitchen and home. In 1942, Earl Tupper developed his first bell-shaped container; the brand products were introduced to the public in 1 ...
* Bob Whitcher (1917–1997), pitcher with the Boston Braves


Education


Public schools

Public education is managed by Berlin Public Schools (Superintendent: Julie King, as of 2019–2020 school year): * Berlin Middle High School (Grades 6 through 12) * Berlin Elementary School (formerly the Middle and Hillside Elementary Schools) (Grades K through 5)


Higher education

*
White Mountains Community College White Mountains Community College (WMCC) is a public community college with its main campus in Berlin, New Hampshire, and academic centers in Littleton and North Conway. It is part of the Community College System of New Hampshire. History The ...
(member of the
Community College System of New Hampshire The Community College System of New Hampshire (previously New Hampshire Community Technical Colleges (NHCTC) and prior to that New Hampshire Vocational Technical Colleges (NHVTC)) is an organization of seven public community colleges located thro ...
)


Public safety


Law enforcement

Law enforcement is provided by the Berlin Police Department. The Berlin police station is currently located at 135 Green Street on the corner of Green and Gilbert Streets, and First Avenue. The present structure was completed in 1927, first serving as an armory for the New Hampshire Army National Guard. The building later became the police station when the current armory was erected, replacing the out-of-date, smaller Cole Street station.Paul "Poof" Tardiff. ''Once Upon a Berlin Time'', Author House, 2010. The Berlin Police Department has 21 full-time officers, 17 part-time auxiliary/special enforcement officers, and ten civilian personnel. There is a communications specialist working dispatch at all times of the day.


Fire department

The Berlin Fire Department is currently located at 263 Main Street. Historically, the fire department had three fire stations, the Eastside station (below the former King School), the Berlin Mills station (on Upper Main Street, near Brown School), and the Central station (present building).


ATV/OHRV riding

The city of Berlin allows any ATV/ OHRV to ride on city streets, as long as the operator is 18 years or older and can provide a driver's license. Berlin is home to the Jericho Mountain ATV Festival that is held every year in the first weekend of August. The event draws thousands of people to ride through some of New Hampshire's trails that are offered to ATV riders. Coos County offers a great amount of trails for ATV riders, connecting Berlin to the towns of Gorham,
Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
, Errol, Groveton, Stratford, Colebrook, and Pittsburg. The Success trails lead riders from Berlin north to Milan and Errol. The Millsfield trails then go northwest from Errol, connecting with the North Country Trail from Groveton. From there, the Great North Woods Trails head north to the town of Pittsburg, the northernmost town in New Hampshire. Trails throughout the city and Jericho Mountain State Park are closed from the end of snowboard season until May 23 of every year (mud season).


Transportation

The major roads serving Berlin are New Hampshire Routes 16 and
110 110 may refer to: *110 (number), natural number *AD 110, a year *110 BC, a year *110 film, a cartridge-based film format used in still photography *110 (MBTA bus), Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority bus route *110 (song), 2019 song by Capi ...
. NH 16 connects Berlin with Gorham and eventually
North Conway North Conway is a census-designated place (CDP) and village in eastern Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 2,116 at the 2020 census. A year-round resort area, North Conway is the second-largest village within the town ...
to the south and
Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
and Errol to the north. NH 110 begins in downtown Berlin and travels northwest through West Milan and Stark, ending in Groveton. Berlin serves as the northern terminus of the Berlin–Conway–New Hampton route of
Concord Coach Lines Concord Coach Lines, Inc., formerly known as Concord Trailways, and often referred to as Concord Coach, is an inter-city bus company based in Concord, New Hampshire. It serves parts of Maine, New Hampshire and eastern Massachusetts, and has a rout ...
. Two airports are located nearby to Berlin,
Berlin Regional Airport Berlin Regional Airport is an airport located in Milan, north of the central business district (CBD) of Berlin, a city in Coos County, New Hampshire, United States. This general aviation airport covers and has one runway. It once had schedul ...
and Gorham Airport.


Media


Radio stations

* WKDR 1490 AM: Classic Hits and Classic Rock * WMOU 1230 AM: Hot Adult Contemporary (simulcast on 106.1 F.M..) *
WVMJ WVMJ (104.5 FM) is a commercial radio station broadcasting a CHR format, known as "Magic 104." Licensed to Conway, New Hampshire, the station serves the Mount Washington Valley of Northeast New Hampshire and the Sebago Lake Region of Maine. On ...
98.1 FM: Top 40 (simulcast on 104.5 FM) Other stations that can be heard in the area can be found here:


Documentaries

*'' At the River's Edge'', an award-winning
oral history Oral history is the collection and study of historical information about individuals, families, important events, or everyday life using audiotapes, videotapes, or transcriptions of planned interviews. These interviews are conducted with people wh ...
of Berlin


Newspaper

* ''
The Berlin Daily Sun ''The Berlin Sun'' is a two-day (Tuesday and Thursday) free newspaper published in the city of Berlin, New Hampshire, U.S., covering "Berlin, Gorham and the North Country". The newspaper started as a five-day-a-week publication under the title ...
'' * ''The Berlin Reporter''


In popular culture

*Many scenes in the 1927 silent film ''
The Masked Menace ''The Masked Menace'' is a 1927 American drama film, drama film serial directed by Arch Heath and mostly filmed in Berlin, New Hampshire. It was Film adaptation, adapted from the story "Still Face" by Pulp magazine, pulp writer Clarence Budingto ...
'' were shot in Berlin. *The main character in Thomas Williams' book ''
The Hair of Harold Roux ''The Hair of Harold Roux'' is a 1974 novel by Thomas Williams. The novel shared the National Book Award for Fiction with Robert Stone's ''Dog Soldiers''. Plot and Summary "The Hair of Harold Roux" explores the craft of storytelling and its ...
'' was born in Berlin. *Sean Bateman, the main character in
Bret Easton Ellis Bret Easton Ellis (born March 7, 1964) is an American author, screenwriter, short-story writer, and director. Ellis was first regarded as one of the so-called literary Brat Pack and is a self-proclaimed satirist whose trademark technique, as a w ...
' '' Rules of Attraction'', vacationed in Berlin. *In the novel ''
Last Night in Twisted River ''Last Night in Twisted River'' is a 2009 novel by American writer John Irving, his 12th since 1968. It was first published (in English) in the Netherlands by De Bezige Bij on September 1, 2009, in Canada by Knopf Canada on October 20, 2009, a ...
'' by
John Irving John Winslow Irving (born John Wallace Blunt Jr.; March 2, 1942) is an American-Canadian novelist, short story writer, and screenwriter. Irving achieved critical and popular acclaim after the international success of ''The World According to G ...
, most of the characters are supposed to be employed by paper mills based in Berlin. *In
Stephen King Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, crime, science-fiction, and fantasy novels. Described as the "King of Horror", a play on his surname and a reference to his high s ...
's novel '' The Shining,'' the character Jack Torrance grew up in Berlin and often describes his childhood there. *In Julian May's
Galactic Milieu Series The Galactic Milieu Series is a series of science fiction novels by Julian May. It is linked to her previously-published series, the '' Saga of Pliocene Exile''; and through the fantastical device of time-travel, acts as both a prequel and a s ...
, the narrator Uncle Rogi grows up in Berlin. Many of the pivotal events in the series are set near Berlin, on
Mount Washington Mount Washington is the highest peak in the Northeastern United States at and the most topographically prominent mountain east of the Mississippi River. The mountain is notorious for its erratic weather. On the afternoon of April 12, 1934 ...
. *In
Lionel Shriver Lionel Shriver (born Margaret Ann Shriver; May 18, 1957) is an American author and journalist who lives in the United Kingdom. Her novel '' We Need to Talk About Kevin'' won the Orange Prize for Fiction in 2005. Early life and education Shriver ...
's novel '' So Much for That'', the protagonist grew up in Berlin, and is obliged to return to his family home to help take care of his father. *The 2019 Endeavour podcast, Blackout, produced by Rami Malek, is based in Berlin.


Sports

The city's Notre Dame Arena had a team in the low-level professional
Federal Hockey League The Federal Prospects Hockey League (FPHL) is a professional ice hockey independent minor league with teams in the Midwestern, Southern, and Northeastern United States. The FPHL began operations in November 2010 as the Federal Hockey League. Do ...
called the
Berlin River Drivers The Berlin River Drivers were a minor professional ice hockey team in the Federal Hockey League that began play in the 2015–16 season. Based in Berlin, New Hampshire, the River Drivers played their home games at the Notre Dame Arena. History ...
from 2015 to 2017. In 2018, the Quebec-based Ligue Nord-Américaine de Hockey minor professional league added the Berlin BlackJacks, but the team was relocated to Saint-Jérôme, Quebec, by December 2018.


Inventions

The following items were created in Berlin: * Bermico, a type of pipe that were produced by the
Brown Company The Brown Company, known as the Brown Corporation in Canada, was a pulp and papermaking company based in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. They closed their doors during the 1980s. History H. Winslow & Company In 1852, a group of Portla ...
in the 1920s–1970s * Cellulose floc, developed by the
Brown Company The Brown Company, known as the Brown Corporation in Canada, was a pulp and papermaking company based in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. They closed their doors during the 1980s. History H. Winslow & Company In 1852, a group of Portla ...
* Farrand Rapid Rule, created by Hiram A. Farrand Inc. but later sold to
Stanley Works Stanley Black & Decker, Inc., formerly known as The Stanley Works, is a Fortune 500 American manufacturer of industrial tools and household hardware and provider of security products. Headquartered in the greater Hartford city of New Britain, ...
* Iron rigging, an object for skis made by Olaf Oleson and later sold to the Northland Ski Company of
Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...
* Kream Krisp, a substance like
Crisco Crisco is an American brand of shortening that is produced by B%26G Foods. Introduced in June 1911 by Procter & Gamble, it was the first shortening to be made entirely of vegetable oil, originally cottonseed oil. Additional products marketed un ...
created by the
Brown Company The Brown Company, known as the Brown Corporation in Canada, was a pulp and papermaking company based in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. They closed their doors during the 1980s. History H. Winslow & Company In 1852, a group of Portla ...
, which led to lawsuit known as "Procter and Gamble vs. the Brown Company" * Nibroc Paper Towels, developed by William E. Corbin and mass-produced by the
Brown Company The Brown Company, known as the Brown Corporation in Canada, was a pulp and papermaking company based in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. They closed their doors during the 1980s. History H. Winslow & Company In 1852, a group of Portla ...


Historic sites

Berlin is home to the following sites listed on the
National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic v ...
: *
Congregational Church Congregational churches (also Congregationalist churches or Congregationalism) are Protestant churches in the Calvinist tradition practising congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently and autonomously runs its ...
, added in 1980 * George E. Burgess School, added in 2015 * Holy Resurrection Orthodox Church, added in 1979 * Mt. Jasper Lithic Source, added in 1992 * St. Anne Church, added in 1979


Sites of interest

* Nansen Ski Jump * The Berlin & Coös County Historical Society (BCCHS) * Moffett House Museum and Genealogical Center * Notre Dame Arena * Service Credit Union Heritage Park * Jericho Mountain State Park


See also

*
Mill town A mill town, also known as factory town or mill village, is typically a settlement that developed around one or more mills or factories, usually cotton mills or factories producing textiles. Europe Italy * ''Crespi d'Adda'', UNESCO World Her ...
*
Paper mill A paper mill is a factory devoted to making paper from vegetable fibres such as wood pulp, old rags, and other ingredients. Prior to the invention and adoption of the Fourdrinier machine and other types of paper machine that use an endless belt, ...
*
Pulp and paper industry The pulp and paper industry comprises companies that use wood as raw material and produce pulp, paper, paperboard and other cellulose-based products. Manufacturing process The pulp is fed to a paper machine where it is formed as a paper web an ...


References


External links

*
BerlinNH.net
community informational website and blog

* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20070602120058/http://www.nadc1.com/in_the_news_video.html Video - NADC Purchases Pulp Mill in Berlin, New Hampshire
Beyond Brown Paper
the photo archives of the Brown Company covering 1885 through 1965 {{authority control Berlin, New Hampshire micropolitan area Cities in Coös County, New Hampshire Cities in New Hampshire Company towns in New Hampshire French-Canadian culture in New Hampshire Populated places established in 1829