Burnt Church (band) on:
[Wikipedia]
[Google]
[Amazon]
''Eskɨnuopitijk'' or ''Esgenoôpetitj'' ( Burnt Church Band or Burnt Church First Nation ) is a Mi'kmaq First Nation
, retrieved August 30, 2008 Ganong also comments on the origin of the name, noting that in 1758, during the Gulf of St. Lawrence Campaign (1758), British General James Wolfe directed Colonel James Murray to destroy the French settlements at
Burnt Church was a favourite resort of the Mi'kmaq and was, therefore, included in one of the very earliest Indian reserves set aside by New Brunswick. The reserve was officially established March 5, 1805, with . At the time of Ganong's writing it was "still a favorite Micmac settlement, and much the largest in all New Brunswick".
Following the Seven Years' War, several Acadian families returned to lands adjoining the reserve. They were followed by a wave of new
, retrieved August 30, 2008
band government
In Canada, an Indian band or band (french: bande indienne, link=no), sometimes referred to as a First Nation band (french: bande de la Première Nation, link=no) or simply a First Nation, is the basic unit of government for those peoples subjec ...
in New Brunswick, Canada, centred south of the community of Lagacéville (approximately 4.5 km) and southwest of the village of Neguac
Neguac is a Canadian village in Northumberland County, New Brunswick.
Geography
Situated on the north shore of Miramichi Bay at the southern end of the Acadian Peninsula, the village is located 44 kilometres northeast of Miramichi. Approxim ...
(approximately 7 km) on Miramichi Bay. It covers two Indian reserves in Northumberland County ( Esgenoôpetitj 14, previously Burnt Church 14, and Tabusintac 9 Tabusintac 9 is the Statistics Canada census area designation for what is properly termed the Tabusintac Indian Reserve No. 9, which is an Indian reserve under the governance of the Burnt Church First Nation of the Mi'kmaq
The Mi'kmaq (also ''Mi' ...
) and two reserves in Gloucester County (Pokemouche 13
Pokemouche 13 is the Statistics Canada census area designation for what is properly termed the Pokemouche Indian Reserve No. 13, located 64 km east of Bathurst, New Brunswick, Canada in Gloucester County near the community of Pokemouche. ...
) ( Pabineau). The population was 1,715 as of 2011
File:2011 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: a protester partaking in Occupy Wall Street heralds the beginning of the Occupy movement; protests against Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi, who was killed that October; a young man celebrate ...
. The Mi'kmaq call Burnt Church ''Esgenoôpetitj'', which means "a lookout".
History
The lands at Burnt Church have long been occupied by First Nations peoples, long before European colonizers first plundered the Atlantic Coast of Canada. As William Francis Ganong notes, ''"a map by Sieur I'Hermitte, ... shows there was a village here in 1727."''The History of Neguac and Burnt Church, retrieved August 30, 2008 Ganong also comments on the origin of the name, noting that in 1758, during the Gulf of St. Lawrence Campaign (1758), British General James Wolfe directed Colonel James Murray to destroy the French settlements at
Miramichi The name "Miramichi" was first applied to a region in the northeast of New Brunswick, Canada, and has since been applied to other places in Canada and the United States. Although other interpretations have been suggested, it is believed that "Mirami ...
. Thus, Murray destroyed an Acadian
The Acadians (french: Acadiens , ) are an ethnic group descended from the French who settled in the New France colony of Acadia during the 17th and 18th centuries. Most Acadians live in the region of Acadia, as it is the region where the de ...
community which had been established at Burnt Church, including burning the first stone church built in New Brunswick (hence the name). (The British also deported the Acadians across the river at Bay du Vin, New Brunswick.)
Burnt Church was a favourite resort of the Mi'kmaq and was, therefore, included in one of the very earliest Indian reserves set aside by New Brunswick. The reserve was officially established March 5, 1805, with . At the time of Ganong's writing it was "still a favorite Micmac settlement, and much the largest in all New Brunswick".
Following the Seven Years' War, several Acadian families returned to lands adjoining the reserve. They were followed by a wave of new Scottish
Scottish usually refers to something of, from, or related to Scotland, including:
*Scottish Gaelic, a Celtic Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family native to Scotland
*Scottish English
*Scottish national identity, the Scottish ide ...
settlers. Thus, the Burnt Church name is now used in reference to both the local First Nation, and to the adjoining non-native community.
In recent years, Burnt Church First Nation members have fought strenuously for their traditional lobster
Lobsters are a family (biology), family (Nephropidae, Synonym (taxonomy), synonym Homaridae) of marine crustaceans. They have long bodies with muscular tails and live in crevices or burrows on the sea floor. Three of their five pairs of legs ...
fishing rights, culminating in the Burnt Church Crisis
The Burnt Church Crisis was a conflict in Canada between the Mi'kmaq people of the Burnt Church First Nations ( Esgenoôpetitj) and non-Aboriginal fisheries in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia between 1999 and 2002.
Supreme Court ruling
As Indi ...
with the provincial and federal governments as well as local non-native fishermen.The Marshall Decision and the Maritime Canadian Fishery, retrieved August 30, 2008
Notable people
See also
*List of communities in New Brunswick
This is a list of communities in New Brunswick, a province in Canada. For the purposes of this list, a community is defined as either an incorporated municipality, an Indian reserve, or an unincorporated community inside or outside a municipalit ...
*First Nations in New Brunswick
The First Nations of New Brunswick, Canada number more than 16,000, mostly Miꞌkmaq and Maliseet (Wolastoqiyik). Although the Passamaquoddy maintain a land claim at Saint Andrews, New Brunswick and historically occurred in New Brunswick, they ha ...
References