The Burid dynasty was a dynasty of Turkish origin
[''Burids'', R. LeTourneau, The Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. I, ed. ]H.A.R. Gibb
Sir Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb (2 January 1895 – 22 October 1971), known as H. A. R. Gibb, was a Scottish historian and Orientalist.
Early life and education
Gibb was born on Wednesday, 2 January 1895, in Alexandria, Egypt, ...
, J.H. Kramers, É. Lévi-Provençal and J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 1332. which ruled over the Emirate of
Damascus in the early 12th century.
History
The first Burid ruler,
Toghtekin
Toghtekin or Tughtekin (Modern tr, Tuğtekin; Arabicised epithet: ''Zahir ad-Din Tughtikin''; died February 12, 1128), also spelled Tughtegin, was a Turkic military leader, who was ''atabeg'' of Damascus from 1104 to 1128. He was the founder o ...
, began as a servant to the
Seljuk Seljuk or Saljuq (سلجوق) may refer to:
* Seljuk Empire (1051–1153), a medieval empire in the Middle East and central Asia
* Seljuk dynasty (c. 950–1307), the ruling dynasty of the Seljuk Empire and subsequent polities
* Seljuk (warlord) (di ...
ruler of Damascus,
Duqaq Dukak or Duqaq may refer to:
* Tuqaq
Tuqaq, tr, Dukak bey, tk, Dukak beg or ''Dukak Temür Yalïgh'' is described as the father of Seljuq, the founder of the eponymous dynasty, in the Maliknamah tradition.
Sources
Maliknamah
The Malikna ...
. Following Duqaq's death in 1104, he seized the city for himself.
The dynasty was named after Toghtekin's son,
Taj al-Muluk Buri
Taj al-Muluk Buri ( ar, تاج الملوك بوري; died 6 June 1132) was an atabeg of Damascus from 1128 to 1132. He was initially an officer in the army of Duqaq, the Seljuk ruler of Damascus, together with his father Toghtekin. When the la ...
. The Burids gained recognition from the
Abbasid caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate ( or ; ar, الْخِلَافَةُ الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, ') was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib ...
in return for considerable gifts. In return, the caliphate did not interfere in the emirate.
[
The Burids ruled the city until 1154, when it was taken by the ruler of Aleppo, Nur ed-Din, founder of the ]Zengid
The Zengid dynasty was a Muslim dynasty of Oghuz Turkic origin, which ruled parts of the Levant and Upper Mesopotamia on behalf of the Seljuk Empire and eventually seized control of Egypt in 1169. In 1174 the Zengid state extended from Tripoli ...
dynasty.[''Medieval Islamic Civilization: L-Z'', Ed. ]Josef W. Meri
Josef (Yousef) Waleed Meri ( ar, يوسف وليد مرعي ''Yūsuf Walīd Marʿī'') is an American historian of Interfaith Relations in the Middle East in the College of Islamic Studies, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar. He is presentl ...
, Jere L. Bacharach
Jere L. Bacharach (born 1938 in New York) is Professor Emeritus, Department of History, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Academia
Bacharach attended Trinity College, receiving his B.A. in 1960, Harvard University receiving his M.A ...
, (Taylor & Francis, 2006), 568.
The Burids lost to the Crusaders in the battle of Marj al-Saffar (1126)
The Battle of Marj al-Saffar was fought on January 25, 1126 between a Crusader army led by King Baldwin II of Jerusalem and the Seljuk Emirate of Damascus, which was ruled by Toghtekin. The Crusaders defeated the Muslim army in the field but ...
but were able to prevent the Second Crusade from capturing Damascus.
Burid emirs of Damascus
*''Green shaded row signifies regency of Mu'in ad-Din Unur
Mu'in ad-Din Unur al-Atabeki ( tr, Muiniddin Üner; died August 28, 1149) was a Seljuk Turkish ruler of Damascus in the mid-12th century.
Origins
Mu'in ad-Din was originally a Mamluk in the army of Toghtekin, the founder of the Burid Dynasty o ...
.''
Family Tree
See also
* List of Sunni Muslim dynasties
References
Medieval Damascus
12th century in Asia
Turkic dynasties
1104 establishments in Asia
Syrian people of Turkish descent
12th-century disestablishments in Asia
12th century in the Seljuk Empire
Sunni dynasties
12th century in the Abbasid Caliphate
Burid dynasty
The Burid dynasty was a dynasty of Turkish origin ''Burids'', R. LeTourneau, The Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. I, ed. H.A.R. Gibb, J.H. Kramers, É. Lévi-Provençal and J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 1332. which ruled over the Emirate of Damascus i ...
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