The French School of the Far East (french: École française d'Extrême-Orient, ), abbreviated EFEO, is an associated college of

PSL University Paris Sciences et Lettres University (PSL University or simply PSL) is a public research university based in Paris, France. It was established in 2010 and formally created as a university in 2019. It is a collegiate university with 11 constituen ...

dedicated to the study of Asian societies. It was founded in 1900 with headquarters in

Hanoi Hanoi or Ha Noi ( or ; vi, Hà Nội ) is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. It covers an area of . It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Located within the Red River Delta, Hanoi is ...

in what was then

French Indochina French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China),; vi, Đông Dương thuộc Pháp, , lit. 'East Ocean under French Control; km, ឥណ្ឌូចិនបារាំង, ; th, อินโดจีนฝรั่งเศส, ...

. After the independence of Vietnam, its headquarters were transferred to Phnom Penh in 1957 and subsequently to

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...

in 1975. Its main fields of research are

archaeology Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landsca ...

philology Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources; it is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics (with especially strong ties to etymology). Philology is also defined as th ...

and the study of modern Asian societies. Since 1907, the EFEO has been in charge of conservation work at the archeological site of

Angkor Angkor ( km, អង្គរ , 'Capital city'), also known as Yasodharapura ( km, យសោធរបុរៈ; sa, यशोधरपुर),Headly, Robert K.; Chhor, Kylin; Lim, Lam Kheng; Kheang, Lim Hak; Chun, Chen. 1977. ''Cambodian-Engl ...

EFEO romanization system

romanization Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, a ...

system for

Mandarin Mandarin or The Mandarin may refer to: Language * Mandarin Chinese, branch of Chinese originally spoken in northern parts of the country ** Standard Chinese or Modern Standard Mandarin, the official language of China ** Taiwanese Mandarin, Stand ...

was developed by the EFEO. It shares a few similarities with Wade-Giles and

Hanyu Pinyin Hanyu Pinyin (), often shortened to just pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Mandarin Chinese in China, and to some extent, in Singapore and Malaysia. It is often used to teach Mandarin, normally written in Chinese for ...

. In modern times, it has been superseded by Hanyu Pinyin. The differences between the three romanization systems are shown in the following table:

Directors

*1900: Louis Finot *1905:

Alfred Foucher Alfred Charles Auguste Foucher (1865–1952), was a French scholar, who argued that the Buddha image has Greek origins. He has been called the "father of Gandhara studies", and is a much-cited scholar on ancient Buddhism in northwest Indian subcont ...

*1908: Claude-Eugène Maitre *1920: Louis Finot *1926: Léonard Aurousseau *1929:

George Cœdès George Cœdès (; 10 August 1886 – 2 October 1969) was a 20th-century French scholar of southeast Asian archaeology and history. Biography Cœdès was born in Paris to a family of supposed Hungarian-Jewish émigrés. In fact, the family was ...

*1947: Paul Lévy *1950:

Louis Malleret Louis Malleret (1901–1970) was a French archaeologist. Malleret together with Paul Levy are credited with first reporting the archeological site An Son in Southern Vietnam. References 1901 births 1970 deaths French archaeologists Pe ...

*1956:

Jean Filliozat Jean Filliozat (4 November 1906 in Paris – 27 October 1982 in Paris) was a French writer. He studied medicine and was a physician between 1930 and 1947. He learned Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan and Tamil. He wrote some important works on the history ...

*1977:

François Gros François Gros (; 24 April 1925 – 18 February 2022) was a French biologist and one of the pioneers of cellular biochemistry in France. His scientific career concerned genes and their role in regulating cellular functions. Honorary professor ...

*1989:

Léon Vandermeersch Léon Vandermeersch (7 January 1928 – 17 October 2021) was a French sinologist. He studied the culture of China as well as that of Japan and Korea. Biography Vandermeersch studied Chinese and Vietnamese at the Institut national des langues et ...

*1993:

Denys Lombard Denys Lombard (1938 – January 8, 1998) was a leading Asian expert with contributions to Southeast Asian studies, Sinology, and the history of maritime Asia. He was famous for efforts to compare insular Southeast Asia and the Asian Seas to the Medi ...

*1998:

Jean-Pierre Drège Jean-Pierre Drège (born 11 March 1946) is a French sinologist, specialising in the study of ancient books and the history of libraries, in particular Chinese manuscripts and . He has been working for years in the study of the Dunhuang manuscript ...

*2004:

Franciscus Verellen Franciscus is a Latin given name, originally an epithet meaning "the Frank, the Frenchman". It was applied to Saint Francis of Assisi (1181/82–1226). Francis had been baptized Giovanni (John); his father was Italian and his mother Proven� ...

*2014:

Yves Goudineau Yves may refer to: * Yves, Charente-Maritime, a commune of the Charente-Maritime department in France * Yves (given name), including a list of people with the name * ''Yves'' (single album), a single album by Loona * ''Yves'' (film), a 2019 Fren ...

*2018:

Christophe Marquet Christophe may refer to: People * Christophe (given name), list of people with this name * Christophe (singer) (1945–2020), French singer * Cristophe (hairstylist) (born 1958), Belgian hairstylist * Georges Colomb (1856–1945), French comic str ...

*2022:

Nicolas Fiévé Nicolas Bernard Fiévé is a French historian of Japanese Architecture; he was born in Paris in 1959 and is the son of the cinema decorator, Bernard Fiévé. In 1993, he became a member of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ...

Publications

The catalog of EFEO Publications, of some 600 titles, includes works on a wide range of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences (archaeology, history, anthropology, literature, philology, etc.), centered on Asia, from India to Japan. These publications are directed at specialists and a wider public interested in Asian civilizations and societies. The EFEO in publishes five scholarly journals on an annual or twice-yearly basis: *''Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient'' - BEFEO (Bulletin of the French School of Asian Studies), published since 1901 *''Arts Asiatiques'' (Asian Arts), published jointly with the

Musée Guimet The Guimet Museum (full name in french: Musée national des arts asiatiques-Guimet; MNAAG; ) is an art museum located at 6, place d'Iéna in the XVIe arrondissement, 16th arrondissement of Paris, France. Literally translated into English, its ful ...

and the

CNRS The French National Centre for Scientific Research (french: link=no, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, CNRS) is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe. In 2016, it employed 31,637 ...

*''Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie'' (East Asian Journal), published in Kyoto *''Aséanie'' (Southeast Asian Studies), published in Bangkok *''Sinologie française'' : 法国汉学, T: 法國漢學, P: ''Fǎguó Hànxué''(French Sinology), published in Chinese in Beijing

References

External links

*
Writing in western European languages that deal with China
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ecole francaise d'extreme-orient Educational institutions established in 1907 Universities and colleges in France Archaeological research institutes Research institutes in France 1907 establishments in France Asian studies

EFEO romanization system

Directors

Publications

See also

References

External links