Buffalo is a town in Buffalo County in the

U.S. state In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its sover ...

Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...

. The population was 705 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated communities of Bluff Siding, East Winona, and

Marshland A marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous rather than woody plant species.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p Marshes can often be found at ...

are located in the town.

Geography

Buffalo occupies the southern end of Buffalo County and is bordered by the

Mississippi River The Mississippi River is the second-longest river and chief river of the second-largest drainage system in North America, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it f ...

, which forms the state line with

Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...

, to the southwest and by the

Trempealeau River The Trempealeau River (pronounced ''TREM-puh-lo'', from the French trempe à l'eau, dip in water) is an U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map accessed October 5, 2012 tributary of the M ...

, which forms the border with

Trempealeau County Trempealeau County (, ) is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 30,760. Its county seat is Whitehall. Many people of Hispanic, Polish, Norwegian and German descent live in this area. History Patche ...

, to the east. The town is connected by the

North Channel Bridge The North Channel Bridge crosses the north channel of the Mississippi River between Latsch Island (part of Winona, Minnesota) and Buffalo County, Wisconsin. The bridge has a street setup, with one lane in either direction. It carries Minnesota ...

and Main Channel Bridge across the Mississippi River to the city of

Winona, Minnesota Winona is a city in and the county seat of Winona County, in the state of Minnesota. Located in bluff country on the Mississippi River, its most noticeable physical landmark is Sugar Loaf. The city is named after legendary figure Winona, who ...

. The city of

Fountain City, Wisconsin Fountain City is a small city bordering the Mississippi River in Buffalo County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 859 at the 2010 census. History Fountain City was originally called Holmes' Landing, after Thomas Holmes, who settled ...

, borders the northwest edge of the town. The city of Buffalo City is unrelated to the town and is located to the northwest. According to the

United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of the ...

, the town has a total area of , of which is land and , or 18.53%, is water.

Demographics

As of the

census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses incl ...

of 2010, there were 705 people, 285 households, and 205 families residing in the town. The

population density Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopul ...

was 22.3 people per square mile (8.6/km²). There were 316 housing units at an average density of 8.15 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 97.90%

White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White on ...

, 0.10% Native American, 0.40% Black or African American, 0.10% Asian, and 0.60% from two or more races.

Hispanic The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad. The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to Vic ...

Latino Latino or Latinos most often refers to: * Latino (demonym), a term used in the United States for people with cultural ties to Latin America * Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States * The people or cultures of Latin America; ** Latin A ...

of any race did not make up any of the population. There were 285 households, out of which 25.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.3% were

married couples Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognized union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children, and between t ...

living together, 3.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.1% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.95. As of 2000, in the town, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.5 males. The median income for a household in the town was $44,750, and the median income for a family was $48,333. Males had a median income of $27,344 versus $22,321 for females. The

per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or total income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the area's total income by its total population. Per capita i ...

for the town was $21,431. About 2.1% of families and 2.2% of the population were below the

poverty line The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for t ...

, including none of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.

History

The Winona Junction rail station, a passenger station of the

Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad was a railroad that operated in the Midwestern United States. Commonly referred to as the Burlington Route, the Burlington, or as the Q, it operated extensive trackage in the states of Colorado, Illin ...

, was formerly located in the town.Burlington Route Timetables 1947, Poole Bros. Chicago This station was first located at the crossing of the Chicago and North Western Railroad before it reached the Winona Rail Bridge. This is where the original approach road for the old wagon bridge ran. When the new Main Channel Bridge was constructed, and the wagon bridge removed, the Winona Junction station was moved to the Northwest, away from the actual crossing, along the CB&Q tracks near to the new approach road. The Flyway trail that opened in 2020 has a bridge that goes directly over the original East Winona junction of the two railroads.

References

External links

Town of Buffalo page
at Buffalo County website {{authority control Towns in Buffalo County, Wisconsin Towns in Wisconsin