Bruce Pandolfini (born September 17, 1947) is an American
chess
Chess is a board game for two players, called White and Black, each controlling an army of chess pieces in their color, with the objective to checkmate the opponent's king. It is sometimes called international chess or Western chess to disti ...
author, teacher, and coach. A
USCF national master
A chess title is a title regulated by a chess governing body and bestowed upon players based on their performance and rank. Such titles are usually granted for life. The international chess governing body FIDE grants several titles, the most pre ...
, he is generally considered to be America's most experienced chess teacher.
In 1983, Pandolfini was the chess consultant to author
Walter Tevis
Walter Stone Tevis (February 28, 1928 – August 9, 1984) was an American novelist and short story writer. Three of his six novels were adapted into major films: '' The Hustler'', '' The Color of Money'' and '' The Man Who Fell to Earth''. A four ...
for the novel ''
The Queen's Gambit'', for which Pandolfini had also suggested the title.
Decades later, Pandolfini returned as consultant for the 2020
Netflix
Netflix, Inc. is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service and production company based in Los Gatos, California. Founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in Scotts Valley, California, it offers a fil ...
miniseries of the same name.
As a coach and trainer, Pandolfini has possibly conducted more chess sessions than anyone in the world. By the summer of 2015 he had given an estimated 25,000 private and group lessons. Pandolfini's list of successful students includes
Fabiano Caruana
Fabiano Luigi Caruana (born July 30, 1992) is an American chess grandmaster. A chess prodigy, Caruana became a grandmaster at the age of 14 years, 11 months, and 20 days—the youngest grandmaster in the history of both Italy and the United Sta ...
, one of the highest ranked chess players in history;
Josh Waitzkin
Joshua Waitzkin (born December 4, 1976) is an American former chess player, martial arts competitor, and author. As a child, he was recognized as a prodigy, and won the U.S. Junior Chess championship in 1993 and 1994. The film ''Searching for B ...
, subject of the film ''
Searching for Bobby Fischer
''Searching for Bobby Fischer'', released in the United Kingdom as ''Innocent Moves'', is a 1993 American Drama (film and television), drama film written and directed by Steven Zaillian in his List of directorial debuts, directorial debut. Starr ...
'';
Rachel Crotto, two-time U.S. Women’s Chess Champion; and
Jeff Sarwer, the 1988 Under-10 World Chess Champion and now professional poker player. Other notable players receiving lessons as children from Pandolfini include grandmasters
Joel Benjamin
Joel Lawrence Benjamin (born March 11, 1964) is an American chess player who holds the FIDE title of Grandmaster (GM). In 1998, he was voted "Grandmaster of the Year" by the U.S. Chess Federation. , his Elo rating was 2506, making him the No. ...
, three-time U.S. Chess Champion; and
Max Dlugy, 1985 World Junior Chess Champion. On the September 2015 USCF rating list, several of his students continue to be among the nation’s top ranked scholastic players.
Biography
Early life
Pandolfini was born in
Lakewood, New Jersey
Lakewood Township is the most populous township in Ocean County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. A rapidly growing community as of the 2020 U.S. census, the township had a total population of 135,158 representing an increase of 41,415 (+45.5% ...
, and grew up in
Brooklyn, New York
Brooklyn () is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Kings County, in the U.S. state of New York. Kings County is the most populous county in the State of New York, and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, be ...
. His interest in chess was first realized when he was not quite fourteen. He was browsing in a public library, when he came upon the chess section. There were more than thirty books on the shelf, and they all seemed fascinating to him. The library permitted an individual to take out a certain number of books at a time. Pandolfini took out an initial batch of six books and then went back enough times that day to clear out the entire section. Then he skipped school for a month, instead immersing himself in the withdrawn chess books.
Chess player
Although Pandolfini hadn't played in many tournaments, he reached
chess master
A chess title is a title regulated by a chess governing body and bestowed upon players based on their performance and rank. Such titles are usually granted for life. The international chess governing body FIDE grants several titles, the most pres ...
strength by his late teens. Pandolfini's playing career ended in 1970 after a loss to
Grandmaster Larry Evans at the National Open in Las Vegas in 1970. After his final tournament game, his official
USCF rating was 2241.
Chess teaching career
In the summer of 1972, while still working at the
Strand Bookstore in
Greenwich Village
Greenwich Village ( , , ) is a neighborhood on the west side of Lower Manhattan in New York City, bounded by 14th Street to the north, Broadway to the east, Houston Street to the south, and the Hudson River to the west. Greenwich Village ...
, Pandolfini became an analyst for the
PBS
The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcasting, public broadcaster and Non-commercial activity, non-commercial, Terrestrial television, free-to-air television network based in Arlington, Virginia. PBS is a publicly fu ...
coverage of the "Match of the Century" when
Bobby Fischer
Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion. A chess prodigy, he won his first of a record eight US Championships at the age of 14. In 1964, he won with an 11 ...
won the
World Chess Championship
The World Chess Championship is played to determine the world champion in chess. The current world champion is Magnus Carlsen of Norway, who has held the title since 2013.
The first event recognized as a world championship was the World Chess ...
from
Boris Spassky
Boris Vasilievich Spassky ( rus, Бори́с Васи́льевич Спа́сский, Borís Vasíl'yevich Spásskiy; born January 30, 1937) is a Russian chess grandmaster who was the tenth World Chess Champion, holding the title from 1969 ...
in
Reykjavik, Iceland. Pandolfini served as an assistant to
Shelby Lyman
Shelbourne Richard Lyman (October 22, 1936 – August 11, 2019) was an American chess player and teacher known for hosting a live broadcast of the 1972 World Chess Championship for the PBS television station Channel 13 in New York. This broadca ...
, the show's moderator, and at the time, America's top chess teacher. It was Lyman who encouraged Pandolfini to pursue chess teaching as a career.
Pandolfini's teaching career began immediately after the Championship. Starting with private instruction and small seminars, Pandolfini, with George Kane and Frank Thornally, formed U. S. Chess Masters, Inc., an educational organization that structured systematized programs to a wide range of players. In 1973 the same group began teaching chess classes for credit at the
New School for Social Research
The New School for Social Research (NSSR) is a graduate-level educational institution that is one of the divisions of The New School in New York City, United States. The university was founded in 1919 as a home for progressive era thinkers. NSSR ...
, the first such courses ever offered in America. Pandolfini remained on the faculty of
the New School
The New School is a private research university in New York City. It was founded in 1919 as The New School for Social Research with an original mission dedicated to academic freedom and intellectual inquiry and a home for progressive thinkers. ...
until 1991.
Through the years, and while maintaining an active private practice, Pandolfini also taught chess and lectured on the game in many different schools and clubs, including the Shelby Lyman Chess Institute,
Stuyvesant High School
Stuyvesant High School (pronounced ), commonly referred to among its students as Stuy (pronounced ), is a State school, public university-preparatory school, college-preparatory, Specialized high schools in New York City, specialized high school ...
,
Lehman College
Lehman College is a public college in the Bronx borough of New York City. Founded in 1931 as the Bronx campus of Hunter College, the school became an independent college within CUNY in September 1967. The college is named after Herbert H. Lehma ...
,
New York University
New York University (NYU) is a private research university in New York City. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded by a group of New Yorkers led by then-Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin.
In 1832, the ...
,
Hunter College
Hunter College is a public university in New York City. It is one of the constituent colleges of the City University of New York and offers studies in more than one hundred undergraduate and postgraduate fields across five schools. It also admi ...
, the
Harvard
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher le ...
Club, the
University of Alabama
The University of Alabama (informally known as Alabama, UA, or Bama) is a Public university, public research university in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Established in 1820 and opened to students in 1831, the University of Alabama is the oldest and la ...
, the
New York Athletic Club
The New York Athletic Club is a private social club and athletic club in New York state. Founded in 1868, the club has approximately 8,600 members and two facilities: the City House, located at 180 Central Park South in Manhattan, and Travers ...
, and the
Rockefeller Institute.
The 1980s and beyond
In the 1980s Pandolfini's career took different turns. From 1980 to 1981 he was a spokesman for
Mattel Electronics
The Intellivision is a home video game console released by Mattel Electronics in 1979. The name is a portmanteau of "intelligent television". Development began in 1977, the same year as the launch of its main competitor, the Atari 2600. In 1984, ...
, with his picture appearing on the box of Mattel's initial version of a computer chess game. During those same years Pandolfini became the director of the Chess Institute at the
Marshall Chess Club
The Marshall Chess Club, in Greenwich Village, New York City, is one of the oldest chess clubs in the United States. The club was formed in 1915 by a group of players led by Frank Marshall. It is a nonprofit organization and a gold affiliate o ...
, heading a staff of 23 teachers and masters. At about the same time, Pandolfini developed his longtime relationship with
Simon & Schuster
Simon & Schuster () is an American publishing company and a subsidiary of Paramount Global. It was founded in New York City on January 2, 1924 by Richard L. Simon and M. Lincoln Schuster. As of 2016, Simon & Schuster was the third largest publ ...
, creating the Fireside Chess Library in 1983. In addition to his Simon & Schuster involvement, Pandolfini published a number of books with
Random House
Random House is an American book publisher and the largest general-interest paperback publisher in the world. The company has several independently managed subsidiaries around the world. It is part of Penguin Random House, which is owned by Germ ...
and several other publishers.
In 1984, Pandolfini became the executive director of the
Manhattan Chess Club
The Manhattan Chess Club in Manhattan was the second-oldest chess club in the United States (next to the Mechanics' Institute Chess Club in San Francisco) before it closed. The club was founded in 1877 and started with three dozen men, eventually ...
, then at
Carnegie Hall
Carnegie Hall ( ) is a concert venue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It is at 881 Seventh Avenue (Manhattan), Seventh Avenue, occupying the east side of Seventh Avenue between West 56th Street (Manhattan), 56th and 57th Street (Manhatta ...
, a position he retained until 1987. It was from the platform of the Manhattan Chess Club that Pandolfini and Faneuil Adams co-founded in 1986 the Manhattan Chess Club School, which was later renamed as Chess-in-the-Schools,
[Fabrikant, Geraldine]
"Leaving a Bank for a Foundation Proved Rewarding,"
''New York Times'' (Nov. 11, 2009). an organization that since its formation has provided free chess instruction to thousands of
New York City
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...
school children.
Several years later, Pandolfini was featured in
Fred Waitzkin
Fred Waitzkin (born 1943 in Massachusetts) is an American novelist and writer for ''The New York Times'' ''Sunday Magazine'', ''New York'', and ''Esquire''. He graduated Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio in 1965, and lives in New York City and Marth ...
's book ''Searching for Bobby Fischer'' (1988), a perceptive narrative on his talented son
Josh
Josh is a masculine given name, frequently a diminutive (hypocorism) of the given names Joshua or Joseph, though since the 1970s, it has increasingly become a full name on its own. It may refer to:
People A–J
* "Josh", an early pseudonym of S ...
and Josh's successes in the world of children's chess. The book later (in 1992) became a
Paramount Pictures
Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American film and television production company, production and Distribution (marketing), distribution company and the main namesake division of Paramount Global (formerly ViacomCBS). It is the fifth-oldes ...
film of the same title, in which Pandolfini, Josh’s real-life teacher, was portrayed by award-winning actor
Ben Kingsley
Sir Ben Kingsley (born Krishna Pandit Bhanji; 31 December 1943) is an English actor. He has received various accolades throughout his career spanning five decades, including an Academy Award, a British Academy Film Award, a Grammy Award, and two ...
. Pandolfini was the film’s chief chess consultant, training the actors and creating the scenario chess positions. Subsequent films Pandolfini consulted on were ''
Fresh
Fresh or FRESH may refer to:
People
*DJ Fresh (born 1977), UK-based drum and bass artist
*DJ Fresh (producer), US-based R&B producer born Marqus Brown
Arts, entertainment, and media Films
* ''Fresh'' (1994 film), a crime film
* ''Fresh'' (200 ...
'' and ''
Point of No Return
The point of no return (PNR or PONR) is the point beyond which one must continue on one's current course of action because turning back is dangerous, physically impossible or difficult, or prohibitively expensive. The point of no return can be a ...
''.
In 1990, Pandolfini was the chief commentator at the New York half of the
Garry Kasparov
Garry Kimovich Kasparov (born 13 April 1963) is a Russian chess grandmaster, former World Chess Champion, writer, political activist and commentator. His peak rating of 2851, achieved in 1999, was the highest recorded until being surpassed by ...
–
Anatoly Karpov
Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov ( rus, links=no, Анато́лий Евге́ньевич Ка́рпов, p=ɐnɐˈtolʲɪj jɪvˈɡʲenʲjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈkarpəf; born May 23, 1951) is a Russian and former Soviet chess grandmaster, former World Ches ...
World Chess Championship
The World Chess Championship is played to determine the world champion in chess. The current world champion is Magnus Carlsen of Norway, who has held the title since 2013.
The first event recognized as a world championship was the World Chess ...
Match. Later that same year, he was the head coach of the American delegation to the
World Youth Chess Championship
The World Youth Chess Championship is a FIDE-organized worldwide chess competition for boys and girls under the age of 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18. Twelve world champions are crowned every year. Since 2015, the event has been split into "World Cade ...
in
Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
Fond du Lac () is a city in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 44,678 at the 2020 census. The city forms the core of the United States Census Bureau's Fond du Lac United States metrop ...
. In addition to co-creating the Chess-in-the-Schools program
for public schools, Pandolfini has been associated with various private institutions, including long-time relationships with
Trinity
The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the F ...
,
Browning,
Dalton
Dalton may refer to:
Science
* Dalton (crater), a lunar crater
* Dalton (program), chemistry software
* Dalton (unit) (Da), the atomic mass unit
* John Dalton, chemist, physicist and meteorologist
Entertainment
* Dalton (Buffyverse), minor cha ...
, and
Berkeley Carroll.
Pandolfini was a consultant to ''
The Queen's Gambit'', a 2020 American
Netflix
Netflix, Inc. is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service and production company based in Los Gatos, California. Founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in Scotts Valley, California, it offers a fil ...
miniseries, where he also had a cameo role as a tournament director. He had also been a consultant to the original 1983 novel, for which he suggested the title.
Teaching principles
In his books and columns, Pandolfini has explained his methodology for individual instruction, indicating that it consists of four basic parts.
# Regular review of the student's games and play;
# Constant practice and examination without moving the pieces;
# Gradual mastery of endgame basics and fundamentals;
# Step-by-step instilling of the analytic method.
The latter he achieves by relentlessly posing relevant questions, until the student absorbs the process of determining reasonable options and making logical choices.
Starting in the 1980s, Pandolfini identified and filled a role producing books especially for novices and intermediate players. His books have been influential and continue to be steady bestsellers.
One of the first chess writers in America to rely on
algebraic chess notation
Algebraic notation (or AN) is the standard method for recording and describing the moves in a game of chess. It is based on a system of coordinates to uniquely identify each square on the chessboard. It is used by most books, magazines, and newsp ...
, Pandolfini created and/or popularized a few other innovations in instructional chess writing. It had been common for chess authors to list several moves before showing a diagram. Pandolfini realized beginning players struggle with that format. Most of his books display larger diagrams, often with verbalized explanations (instead of a mere series of notated chess moves), so that beginning and casual players can examine games with greater ease and comprehension.
"Pandolfinisms"
Another aspect to Pandolfini's teaching is his reliance on short, pithy, often counterintuitive statements to seize the student's attention and stimulate imagination:
* Simplify when winning; complicate when losing.
* Play the board, not the player, unless you know something about the player.
* Sacrifice your opponent's pieces before sacrificing your own.
* A principle says where to look, not what to see.
* Master the principles so you can know when to break them.
* Don't just do something. Sit there.
* The biggest mistake is to think you can't make one.
* Learn from your mistakes, especially not to repeat them.
* Don't consider everything, just everything that matters.
* Solve it yourself and it's yours for life.
* Every win is first won in practice.
* Don't ignore an opening move just because you used to rely on it.
* Bad players can play good moves by accident.
* No one ever won by resigning.
Convenient shortcuts to presentation
Not only has Pandolfini relied on terse, often epigrammatic phrasings of principles, he typically provides useful constructs for remembering and reinforcing them. One aspect that Pandolfini has codified nicely concerns planning, an area of chess thinking with which students tend to have difficulty. Indeed, in choosing plans, students often opt for courses of action opposed to what they should be doing. For example, students thoughtlessly complicate when they should be simplifying or simplify when they should be complicating. The following chart, from ''Pandolfini’s Chess Complete'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1992), is an example of his use of classification to enable students to recall and access basic chess strategies:
Match commentary
Apart from commenting on the Fischer-Spassky match, Pandolfini appeared as a guest commentator at the
2016 Carlsen-Karjakin match that took place in New York City. He also appeared as a guest commentator at the 2021 Candidates Tournament and predicted that Carlsen might lose the match to the challenger
Ian Nepomniachtchi
Ian Alexandrovich Nepomniachtchi ( rus, Ян Алекса́ндрович Непо́мнящий, r=Yan Aleksandrovich Nepomnyashchiy, p=ˈjan ɐlʲɪkˈsandrəvʲɪtɕ nʲɪˈpomnʲɪɕːɪj, a=Ru-Ian Alexandrovich Nepomnyashchij.ogg; born 14 J ...
.
Writings
Pandolfini has written a monthly column for the magazine ''
Chess Life
The monthly ''Chess Life'' and bi-monthly ''Chess Life Kids'' (formerly ''School Mates'' and ''Chess Life for Kids'') are the official magazines published by the United States Chess Federation (US Chess). ''Chess Life'' is advertised as the "most ...
'' titled ''The ABC's of Chess'' since 1979. This column once featured endgame lessons, then monthly tutorials on openings, but since the early 1990s has evolved into ''Solitaire Chess'', an instructional column inviting readers to guess the moves played in a single chess game. Pandolfini also has written regular features for
ChessCafe.com ChessCafe.com is a website that publishes endgame studies, book reviews and other articles related to chess on a weekly basis. It was founded in 1996 by Hanon Russell, and is well known as a repository of articles about chess and its history.
It ...
(''The Q & A Way'') and
Chess.com
Chess.com is an internet chess server, news website and social networking website. The site has a freemium model in which some features are available for free, and others are available for accounts with subscriptions. Live online chess can be pla ...
, both of which offer online services. But it is as an author of chess books that his writings are perhaps best known. Pandolfini has to his credit more than thirty titles on the game of chess. Some of Bruce Pandolfini's output has been criticized for its inaccuracy and lack of sources.
Books
* ''Let's Play Chess'' (
Simon & Schuster
Simon & Schuster () is an American publishing company and a subsidiary of Paramount Global. It was founded in New York City on January 2, 1924 by Richard L. Simon and M. Lincoln Schuster. As of 2016, Simon & Schuster was the third largest publ ...
, 1980)
* ''Bobby Fischer's Outrageous Chess Moves'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1985)
* ''One Move Chess By The Champions'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1985)
* ''ABC's of Chess'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1986)
* ''Principles of the New Chess'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1986)
* ''Kasparov's Winning Chess Tactics'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1986)
* ''Russian Chess'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1987)
* ''Pandolfini's Endgame Course: Basic Endgame Concepts Explained by America's Leading Chess Teacher'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1988)
* ''Best of Chess Life and Review'', Volume 1 (Fireside Chess Library, 1988)
* ''Best of Chess Life and Review'', Volume 2 (Fireside Chess Library, 1988)
* ''Chess Openings: Traps And Zaps'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1989)
* ''Weapons of Chess: An Omnibus of Chess Strategies'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1989)
* ''Chessercizes: New Winning Techniques for Players of All Levels'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1991)
* ''More Chessercizes: Checkmate: 300 Winning Strategies for Players of All Levels'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1991)
* ''Pandolfini's Chess Complete: The Most Comprehensive Guide to the Game, from History to Strategy'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1992)
* ''Beginning Chess: Over 300 Elementary Problems for Players New to the Game'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1993)
* ''More Chess Openings: Traps and Zaps 2'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1993)
* ''Square One: A Chess Drill Book for Beginners'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1994)
* ''Chess Target Practice: Battle Tactics for Every Square on the Board'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1994)
* ''Chess Thinking: The Visual Dictionary of Chess Moves, Rules, Strategies and Concepts'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1995)
* ''Chess Doctor: Surefire Cures for What Ails Your Game'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1995)
* ''Power Mates: Essential Checkmating Strategies and Techniques'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1996)
* ''Kasparov and Deep Blue: The Historic Chess Match Between Man and Machine'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1997)
* ''The Winning Way'' (Fireside Chess Library, 1998)
* ''Pandolfini's Ultimate Guide to Chess'' (Fireside Chess Library, 2003)
* ''Q&A Way in Chess'' (Random House, 2005)
* ''Solitaire Chess'' (Random House, 2005)
* ''Treasure Chess: Trivia, Quotes, Puzzles, and Lore from the World's Oldest Game'' (Random House, 2007)
* ''Pandolfini's Chess Challenges: 111 Winning Endgames'' (Random House, 2007)
* ''Let's Play Chess: A Step by Step Guide for New Players'' (The Pandolfini Chess Library – Russell Enterprises, 2008)
* ''Endgame Workshop: Principles for the Practical Player'' (Russell Enterprises, 2009)
* ''The Rules of Chess'' (Russell Enterprises, 2010)
* ''Chess Movies 1'' (Russell Enterprises, 2010)
* ''Chess Movies 2: The Means and Ends'' (Russell Enterprises, 2011)
Apps, videos, and DVDs
* ''Understanding Chess - Pandolfini on Video: Master teacher Bruce Pandolfini Teaches the Elements and Tactical Themes of Chess'' (1990)
* ''Opening Principles'' (Pandolfini on VHS, 1990)
* ''Chess Starts Here (Waitzkin & Pandolfini) – Audio'' (Chess Beat LLC, 1996)
* ''Every Move Must Have a Purpose: Strategies From Chess for Business and Life'' (Hyperion, 2003; Listen and Live Audio, Inc., 2003)
* ''Pandolfini's Mate in One'' (eXQuisite Software, 2012) —
App
Awards and honors
In 2011 Pandolfini was elected to the American Chess Journalists Hall of Fame, and in 2012, he was named as Chess Educator of the Year by
University of Texas at Dallas
The University of Texas at Dallas (UTD or UT Dallas) is a public research university in Richardson, Texas. It is one of the largest public universities in the Dallas area and the northernmost institution of the University of Texas system. It wa ...
.
Quotes
Personal life
Pandolfini is a fan of the Irish novelist
James Joyce
James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (2 February 1882 – 13 January 1941) was an Irish novelist, poet, and literary critic. He contributed to the modernist avant-garde movement and is regarded as one of the most influential and important writers of ...
and as of 2021 had read through ''
Ulysses
Ulysses is one form of the Roman name for Odysseus, a hero in ancient Greek literature.
Ulysses may also refer to:
People
* Ulysses (given name), including a list of people with this name
Places in the United States
* Ulysses, Kansas
* Ulysse ...
'' 19 times.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pandolfini, Bruce
1947 births
American chess players
American non-fiction writers
American chess writers
American male non-fiction writers
Living people
People from Brooklyn
Chess coaches