Brigadier general or Brigade general is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries. The rank is usually above a

colonel Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge ...

, and below a

major general Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a ...

or divisional general. When appointed to a field command, a brigadier general is typically in command of a

brigade A brigade is a major tactical military formation that typically comprises three to six battalions plus supporting elements. It is roughly equivalent to an enlarged or reinforced regiment. Two or more brigades may constitute a division. ...

consisting of around 4,000 troops (four

battalion A battalion is a military unit, typically consisting of 300 to 1,200 soldiers commanded by a lieutenant colonel, and subdivided into a number of companies (usually each commanded by a major or a captain). In some countries, battalions are ...

s).

Variants

Brigadier general

Brigadier general (Brig. Gen.) is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries, usually sitting between the ranks of

and

. When appointed to a field command, a brigadier general is typically in command of a

consisting of around 4,000 troops (four

s). In some countries, this rank is given the name of ''

brigadier Brigadier is a military rank, the seniority of which depends on the country. In some countries, it is a senior rank above colonel, equivalent to a brigadier general or commodore, typically commanding a brigade of several thousand soldiers. In ...

'', which is usually equivalent to ''brigadier general'' in the armies of nations that use the rank. The rank can be traced back to the militaries of Europe where a "brigadier general", or simply a "brigadier", would command a brigade in the field. In the first quarter of the 20th century, British and

Commonwealth A commonwealth is a traditional English term for a political community founded for the common good. Historically, it has been synonymous with " republic". The noun "commonwealth", meaning "public welfare, general good or advantage", dates from th ...

armies used the rank of brigadier general as a temporary appointment, or as an honorary appointment on retirement; in the 1920s this practice changed to the use of brigadier, which was not classed as a general officer.

Brigade general

Brigade general is the rank of a brigade commander in countries where the French Revolutionary System's general officer rank designation is used. The rank name () was first used in the French revolutionary armies. It is used both brigadier general and

because it is used for the designated rank of the general officers that the country stipulates as brigade commanders' class by law.

Brigadier general, Brigade general by country

Argentina

The rank of brigadier general (with some local variations) is used in the

Argentine Air Force "Argentine Wings" , mascot = , anniversaries = 10 August (anniversary) 1 May (Baptism of fire during the Falklands War) , equipment = 139 aircraft , equipment_label = , battles = * Operation Independence * Operation Soberanía * Falkl ...

. Unlike other armed forces of the World, the rank of ''brigadier general'' is actually the ''highest'' rank in the Air Force. This is due to the use of the rank of ''

'' and its derivatives to designate all general officers in the Air Force: brigadier (lowest general officer); brigadier-major (middle); and brigadier-general (highest). The rank of brigadier general is reserved for the Chief General Staff of the Air Force, as well as the Chief of the Joint General Staff if he should be an Air Force officer. The Argentine Army does not use the rank of brigadier-general, instead using brigade general ( es, General de brigada) which in turn is the lowest general officer before Divisional General ( es, General de Division) and Lieutenant General ( es, Teniente General).

Australia

In the Australian Imperial Force during

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

, the rank of brigadier general was always temporary and held only while the officer was posted to a particular task, typically the command of a brigade. (Until 1915, Australian brigades were commanded by colonels.) When posted elsewhere, the rank would be relinquished and the former rank resumed. This policy prevented an accumulation of high-ranking general officers brought about by the relatively high turnover of brigade commanders. ''Brigadier general'' was also used as an honorary rank on retirement. The rank insignia was like that of the current

, but without the star/pip. Brigadier generals wore the same gorget patches (a line of gold oak leaf embroidery down the centre),

cap badge A cap badge, also known as head badge or hat badge, is a badge worn on uniform headgear and distinguishes the wearer's nationality and/or organisation. The wearing of cap badges is a convention commonly found among military and police forces, as w ...

(crossed sword and baton within a laurel wreath, surmounted by a crown in gold embroidery) and cap visor (two rows of gold oakleaf embroidery) as other generals. As in the United Kingdom, the rank was later replaced by colonel commandant in 1922 and brigadier in 1928. However, those holding the rank of brigadier general continued to do so throughout the inter-war period, until the last of them retired or was promoted during the Second World War. A brigadier general was a general officer, but brigadiers were not generals, which is shown by the rank insignia being like that of a colonel, but with an extra (third) star/pip, and a brigadier wore the same gorget patches (scarlet cloth with a line of crimson gimp), cap badge (the Royal Crest in gold embroidery), and cap visor (one row of gold oakleaf embroidery) as a colonel.

Bangladesh

Prior to 2001, the Bangladesh Army rank was known as brigadier, in conformity with the rank structure of the Commonwealth Nations. In 2001 the Bangladesh Army introduced the rank of brigadier general, however "the grade stayed equivalent to brigadier", and although classified as a "one-star rank", a brigadier general is not considered to be a general officer – the lowest ranking general officer is

Major General Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a ...

. Brigadier general is equivalent to commodore of the

Bangladesh Navy The Bangladesh Navy ( bn, বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনী, Bangladesh Nou Bahini) is the naval warfare branch of the Bangladesh Armed Forces, responsible for Bangladesh's of maritime territorial area, and the defence of impo ...

and air commodore of the Bangladesh Air Force. It is still more popularly called ''brigadier''.

Belgium

The Belgian Army uses the rank of (

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

) and ( Dutch, 'brigade general'). However, in this small military there are no permanent promotions to this rank, and it is only awarded as a temporary promotion to a full colonel who assumes a post requiring the rank, notably in an international context (e.g. as

military attaché A military attaché is a military expert who is attached to a diplomatic mission, often an embassy. This type of attaché post is normally filled by a high-ranking military officer, who retains a commission while serving with an embassy. Oppo ...

in a major embassy).

Brazil

(Brigade general) is the lowest rank amongst general officers of the Brazilian Army; i.e. like in most British Commonwealth counties, the lowest general officer rank is a two-star rank, and a ''General de Brigada'' wears a two-star insignia. Hence, it is equivalent to the

rank of many counties. In the

Brazilian Air Force "Wings that protect the country" , colours = , colours_label = , march = Hino dos Aviadores , mascot = , anniversaries = 22 May (anniver ...

, all of the senior ranks include 'Brigadeiro'; the two-star rank is ''Brigadeiro'' (Brigadier), the three-star rank is ''Major-Brigadeiro'' (Major-Brigadier), and the

four-star rank A four-star rank is the rank of any four-star officer described by the NATO OF-9 code. Four-star officers are often the most senior commanders in the armed services, having ranks such as (full) admiral, (full) general, colonel general, army ...

is ''Tenente-Brigadeiro-do-Ar'' (Lieutenant-Air-Brigadier).

Canada

In the

Canadian Forces } The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF; french: Forces armées canadiennes, ''FAC'') are the unified Military, military forces of Canada, including sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Ai ...

, the rank of brigadier-general (BGen) ( or in French) is a rank for members who wear army or air force uniform, equal to a commodore for those in navy uniform. A brigadier-general is the lowest rank of general officer. A brigadier-general is senior to a colonel or

naval captain Captain is the name most often given in English-speaking navies to the rank corresponding to command of the largest ships. The rank is equal to the army rank of colonel and air force rank of group captain. Equivalent ranks worldwide include ...

, and junior to a major-general or rear-admiral. The rank title ''brigadier-general'' is still used notwithstanding that brigades in the army are now commanded by colonels. Until the late 1990s brigades were commanded by brigadier-generals. In the air force context, brigadier-generals used to command air force groups until these bodies were abolished in the late 1990s. The rank insignia for a brigadier-general on air force uniforms is a single wide braid on the cuff, as well as a single silver maple leaf beneath crossed sabre and baton, all surmounted by St. Edward's Crown, worn on the shoulder straps of the service dress jacket, and on slip-ons on other uniforms. The rank insignia on army uniforms is a gold maple leaf beneath crossed sword and baton, all surmounted by St. Edward's Crown, on the shoulder straps. On the visor of the service cap are two rows of gold oak leaves; the air force wedge cap features silver braid on the edges of the ear flaps. The cap insignia for a general officer is a modified version of the Canadian Forces insignia. Army brigadier-generals wear gorget patches on the collar of the service uniform tunic. Brigadier-generals are initially addressed verbally as "General" and name; thereafter by subordinates as "Sir" or "Ma'am" in English or in French. They are normally entitled to staff cars. Until unification in 1968 of the

Royal Canadian Air Force The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF; french: Aviation royale canadienne, ARC) is the air and space force of Canada. Its role is to "provide the Canadian Forces with relevant, responsive and effective airpower". The RCAF is one of three environ ...

Canadian Army The Canadian Army (french: Armée canadienne) is the command (military formation), command responsible for the operational readiness of the conventional ground forces of the Canadian Armed Forces. It maintains regular forces units at bases acr ...

, and the Royal Canadian Navy, rank structure and insignia followed the British pattern. This system of rank insignia was reinstated in 2014. In army usage, the term "brigadier" was used to denote what is now known as a brigadier-general while the air force used the rank of air commodore.

Chile

In the Chilean Army, is a one-star rank and is the immediately superior two-star rank. While the Chilean Air Force uses for its one-star rank, two-star Air Force officers hold the rank of literally 'air brigade general'.

Colombia

The rank of brigadier general is the first general officer rank in the ''Fuerzas Militares'', and the National Police.

France

France uses the rank of "brigade general" (). The rank contrasts with the French sub-officer rank of . As with all French general officers, a French brigade general is titled "general" without any implication that he is an army general; for instance General Charles de Gaulle never rose higher than brigade general. Until 1793, the rank of ("brigadier of the armies") existed in the French Army, which could be described as a senior colonel or junior brigade commander. The normal brigade command rank was (literally "camp marshal"). When rank insignia were introduced, wore one star and a wore two stars. During the

French Revolution The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are conside ...

, the revolutionaries' drive to rationalise the state led to a change in the system of ranks. The rank of was abolished and the normal brigade command rank, , was replaced by brigade general. The rank of brigade general inherited the two stars of the rank of , explaining the absence since 1793 of a French rank with only one star. Nowadays, a French generally commands a brigade. The rank can also be awarded in an honorary fashion to retiring colonels. The insignia are two stars, worn on the shoulder or at the sleeve of the uniform, depending on the order of dress. Two different kepis are issued: the service kepi sports the two stars, while the formal kepi features a large band of oak leaves (the kepi of a division general has two smaller such bands). Charles de Gaulle held the rank of brigade general. He was given a temporary promotion to this rank in May 1940 as commander of the 4th Armoured Division (). However his initial authority as head of the Free French really came from being the only cabinet member (Under-Secretary of State for National Defence and War) outside

occupied France The Military Administration in France (german: Militärverwaltung in Frankreich; french: Occupation de la France par l'Allemagne) was an interim occupation authority established by Nazi Germany during World War II to administer the occupied zo ...

, not from his military rank. As a reminder of his war position, he refused any further promotion.

Ireland

The country is divided into two areas for administrative and operational reasons, and in each area there is an infantry brigade. The two brigade group structure envisages distinct operational areas of responsibility for each of the brigades and is supported in its responsibilities by the Naval Service and Air Corps. Each of the brigade formations and the Air Corps is commanded by a brigadier general, while the Naval Service is commanded by a commodore.

Italy

In the Italian Armed Forces the rank has different denominations. In the

Army An army (from Old French ''armee'', itself derived from the Latin verb ''armāre'', meaning "to arm", and related to the Latin noun ''arma'', meaning "arms" or "weapons"), ground force or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on ...

, the rank for combat arms officers is whilst for the logistics and technical corps is called . The rank is also present in the other armed forces, police corps and other services of

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

, with different denominations, and it is associated with the lowest level within the government top management.

Mexico

Within the Mexican Armed Forces, there exists two grades of brigadier general. The lowest general officer is , with the second lowest being . The general officer rank higher than the two brigadier generals is Divisional general.

Philippines

In the Philippines, Brigadier General (

Philippine Army The Philippine Army (PA) (Tagalog: ''Hukbong Katihan ng Pilipinas''; in literal English: ''Army of the Ground of the Philippines''; in literal Spanish: ''Ejército de la Tierra de la Filipinas'') is the main, oldest and largest branch of the A ...

Philippine Air Force and Philippine Marines)/ Commodore ( Philippine Navy and Philippine Coast Guard)/ Chief Superintendent ( Bureau of Fire Protection and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology) / Police Brigadier General ''(Chief Superintendent before)'' ( Philippine National Police)/ Gial De Brigada ''(1890-1902)'' ( Philippine Revolutionary Army) is the lowest rank of generals but already eligible in the promotion to become ''Chief of Staff'' of the

Armed Forces of the Philippines The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) ( fil, Sandatahang Lakas ng Pilipinas) are the military forces of the Philippines. It consists of three main service branches; the Army, the Air Force, and the Navy (including the Marine Corps). The ...

or ''PNP Chief'' of the Philippine National Police surpassing the

and

Lieutenant General Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the ...

ranks.

Poland

(, abbreviated gen. bryg.) is the lowest ranking general in the Polish Land Forces and Air Force.

Portugal

In the Portuguese Army and Air Force, ''brigadeiro-general'' is a temporary general rank for the colonels that have to exercise a special command. It is the equivalent of the commodore rank in the Portuguese Navy. The rank was reintroduced in 1999. Before that, simply as ''brigadeiro'', it existed from 1707 to 1864 and again from 1929 to 1947, not being considered a general rank. From 1947 to 1999, ''brigadeiro'' become the two-star general rank in the Portuguese Army. As two-star rank, it was substituted by the rank of major-general in 1999.

Spain

In the Spanish Army,

Spanish Air Force , colours = , colours_label = , march = Spanish Air and Space Force Anthem , mascot = , anniversaries = 10 December , equipment ...

, and Spanish Marine Infantry (, a branch of the ) is the lowest rank of general officers. Its equivalent in the Navy () is .

Turkey

In the Turkish Army and the Turkish Air Force, the equivalent rank is (the Turkish Navy equivalent is ). The name is derived from , the Turkish word for a brigade. Both and - as military terms may owe their origins to the older Turkish word , meaning horsetail, which was used as a symbol of authority and rank in Ottoman and pre-Ottoman times.

United Kingdom

Brigadier-general was formerly a rank or appointment in the

British Army The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. , the British Army comprises 79,380 regular full-time personnel, 4,090 Gur ...

and Royal Marines, and briefly in the

Royal Air Force The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's air and space force. It was formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, becoming the first independent air force in the world, by regrouping the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) an ...

. The appointment was abolished in the Army and the Marines in 1921; the equivalent rank today is

Brigadier Brigadier is a military rank, the seniority of which depends on the country. In some countries, it is a senior rank above colonel, equivalent to a brigadier general or commodore, typically commanding a brigade of several thousand soldiers. In ...

United States

In the

United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare, land military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight Uniformed services of the United States, U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army o ...

United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army S ...

United States Marine Corps The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through ...

, and United States Space Force, a brigadier general is a one-star general officer. It is equivalent to the rank of rear admiral (lower half) in the other uniformed services.

Insignia

Army insignia

File:Argentina-Army-OF-7.svg,
( Argentine Army) File:Bangladesh-army-OF-6.svg, Brigadier general
)
( Bangladesh Army) File:13.BDF-BG.svg, Brigadier general
( Barbados Regiment) File:Belize-Army-OF-7.svg, Brigadier general
( Belize Defence Force) File:blank.svg,
( Benin Army) File:GenBrigEB.svg,
( Bolivian Army) File:Barzil-Army-OF-7.svg,
( Brazilian Army) File:16.RBrLF-BG.svg,
( Royal Brunei Land Forces) File:15. Burkina Faso Army - BG.svg,
( Burkina Faso Ground Forces) File:Blank.svg,
)
( Burundi Army) File:Cameroon-Army-OF-6.svg,
( Cameroon Ground Forces) File:Canadian Army OF-6.svg, Brigadier-general
)
(

) File:16.CAGF-BG.svg,
( Central African Ground Forces) File:Chile-Army-OF-7.svg,
( Chilean Army) File:Colombia-Army-OF-6.svg,
( Colombian National Army) File:DR Congo Army OF-6.svg,
( Land Forces of the DR Congo) File:14-ROCongo Army-BG.svg,
( Congolese Ground Forces) File:Cuba-Army-OF-6.svg,
( Cuban Revolutionary Army) File:Djibouti-Army-OF-6.svg,
( Djiboutian Army) File:Capona General de Brigada Ejercito Nacional.svg,
( Dominican Army) File:15.ECA-BG.svg,
( Ecuadorian Army) File:E 4 16 GB.png,
( Salvadoran Army) File:13. EGLF-BG.svg,
( Army of Equatorial Guinea) File:15.EA-BG.svg,

( Ethiopian Ground Forces) File:France-Army-OF-6 Sleeve.svg,
( French Army) File:20.GLF-BG.svg,
( Gabonese Army) File:13.Gambian Army-BG.svg, Brigadier general
( Gambian National Army) File:Guatemala-army-OF-6.svg,
( Guatemalan Army) File:Mali-Army-OF-6.svg,
( Guinea Ground Forces) File:12. Guinea-Bissau BG.svg,
( Army of Guinea-Bissau) File:HON-army-OF-6.svg,
(

Honduran Army The Armed Forces of Honduras ( es, Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras), consists of the Honduran Army, Honduran Navy and Honduran Air Force. History Pre-1979 The Armed Forces of Honduras were created through article 44, subsection 4 of the First Const ...

) File:19-TNI Army-BG.svg,
(

Indonesian Army The Indonesian Army ( id, Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat (TNI-AD), ) is the land branch of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. It has an estimated strength of 300,000 active personnel. The history of the Indonesian Army has its r ...

) File:Ivory Coast-Army-OF-6.svg,
( Ivory Coast Ground Forces) File:Liberia-Army-OF-6.svg, Brigadier general
( Liberian Ground Forces) File:Madagascar-Army-OF-6.svg,
( Madagascar Ground Forces) File:Malaysia-army-OF-6.svg,
( Malaysian Army) File:13.Mali Army-BG.svg,
( Mali Army) File:Mexico army OF6.svg,
( Mexican Army) File:Mexico army OF7.svg,
(Mexican Army) File:Mongolian Army-BRG-service.svg,

( Mongolian Ground Force) File:17-Moroccan Army-BG.svg,
( Royal Moroccan Army) File:17.Nepalese Army-BG.svg, Brigadier general
)
( Nepalese Army) File:14-Nicaragua Army-BG.svg,
( Nicaraguan Army) File:Blank.svg,
( Niger Army) File:Nigeria-Army-OF-6.svg, Brigadier general
( Nigerian Army) File:Paraguay-Army-OF-7.svg,
( Paraguayan Army) File:Peru-Army-OF-7.svg,
( Peruvian Army) File:PA Brig. Gen.png, Brigadier general
(

) File:13-Rwanda Army-BG.svg, Brigadier general
( Rwandan Land Forces) File:Senegal-Army-OF-6.svg,
( Senegalese Army) File:08-RSA-OF06.svg, Brigadier general
( Singapore Army) File:SAA-OF-6.svg, Brigadier general
(

South African Army The South African Army is the principal land warfare force of South Africa, a part of the South African National Defence Force (SANDF), along with the South African Air Force, South African Navy and South African Military Health Service. ...

) File:14-Tanzania Army-BG.svg,
( Tanzanian Army) File:Timor-Leste-Army-OF-6.svg,
( Timor-Leste Army) File:Togo-Army-OF-6.svg,
( Togolese Army) File:TaT-Army-OF-6.svg, Brigadier general
( Trinidad and Tobago Regiment) File:Grade Terre tunisienne O8.png,
)
( Tunisian Army) File:US Army O7 (Army greens).svg, Brigadier general
(

) File:GBEJB-GNB.png,
( Venezuelan Army) File:blank.svg, Brigadier general
( Zambian Army)

Notes

References

External links

* {{Military ranks by country Military insignia Military ranks of Australia Military ranks of Canada Military ranks of Romania Former military ranks of the Royal Air Force Military ranks One-star officers Military ranks of Singapore Military ranks of the Nepali Army